Introdução ao Dossiê Religião e Espaço Público: repensando conceitos e contextos

Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

«O profetismo tupi-guarani: a construção de um objeto antropológico»

Although being aware of its scientific value, this article offers a critical revision of the classical works on the so-called Tupi-Guarani «profetism», placing their authors in the intellectual context that had determined its scientific concerns and its methodological approaches. Unveiling the roots of an «authority discourse» established by the compulsory crossing of historiographical and ethnographical sources, the author shows that the great interpretation trends depend less on documentary evidences that on theoretical-methodological positions of the specific anthropological schools.Sin ignorar su porte científico, este artículo emprende una revisión crítica de las obras «clásicas » sobre el llamado «profetismo tupi-guaraní», resituando a los autores en los contextos intelectuales que determinaron sus preocupaciones científicas y sus metodologías. Desvelando los fundamentos del «discurso de autoridad» establecido por el cruce forzoso de fuentes históricas e informaciones etnográficas, la autora muestra que las grandes líneas interpretativas dependen menos de evidencias documentales que de posiciones teórico-metodológicas características de cada escuela antropológica

Presence of endogenous prednisolone in human urine

The possibility of an endogenous presence of the glucocorticoid prednisolone has already been demonstrated in bovine and horse urine, with the aim of clarifying its origin in this matrix, which is used by official agencies for the control of illicit treatments. From this point of view, the endogenous nature of prednisolone could be a major topic in doping control of both amateur and professional human athletes. A study was therefore made on 34 human volunteers (13 males and 21 females; aged 22–62) to detect the presence of prednisolone in their urine by HPLC–MS3. One of the volunteers underwent vernal allergy treatment with betamethasone for two subsequent years. An investigation was carried out with the aim of verifying if the suppression, and the circadian rhythm, of cortisol urinary levels could also apply to prednisolone. The results of the study show that prednisolone was present in the urine of all 34 volunteers, with a concentration very close to 100-times lower that of cortisol, with no dependence on gender. The same ratio (1/100) was observed in the prednisolone and cortisol levels detected during the 24 h together with the suppression of prednisolone by betamethasone treatment. These data demonstrate the endogenous nature of low concentrations of prednisolone in human urine, and motivate further studies about the biosynthetic pathways of this corticosteroid and its relationship with stress in humans, as already described in cows

Dez anos de pesquisa científica em controladoria no Brasil (1997 – 2006)

Mudanças havidas no Brasil nas últimas décadas motivaram a demanda por profissionais contábeis mais aptos a aplicarem seus conhecimentos nas organizações. Isso estimulou o aumento, a partir de 1998, do número de programas stricto sensu em Ciências Contábeis, com áreas de concentração e/ou linhas de pesquisa em Controladoria, palco da produção científica sobre a temática. Este trabalho buscou responder a indagação sobre quais foram as características da produção científica brasileira de artigos de Controladoria entre 1997 e 2006 e buscou identificar, descrever e analisar tais características. A pesquisa é bibliométrica e descritiva, com uma abordagem quantitativa do problema. Foram analisados 154 artigos, publicados em 24 revistas Qualis A e B Nacional na área contábil. A produção sobre “Controladoria” no período foi de 4,43% dos artigos publicados. A aplicação da Lei de Bradford identificou os três núcleos de publicações sobre o assunto, com 2, 4 e 18 revistas, respectivamente. As Leis de Lotka e Pareto indicaram os autores mais produtivos revelando que ainda não há uma elite de pesquisadores sobre a temática, pois o conhecimento está disperso entre vários autores com baixa produtividade. Verificou-se que mais de 80% dos artigos analisados provêm de programas stricto sensu e, dos autores alunos de programas, 94,2% eram de Ciências Contábeis, Administração e Engenharia.In the last decades in Brazil, changes have that motivated the demand for accounting professionals capable to apply their knowledge inside the organizations. This contributed to the growth of the number of Masters and Doctoral degree programs in Accountancy since 1998 which concentrate on Controllership (in other countries Management Accounting). These programs are the scenery of the scientific production for papers on this thematic. This research intends to describe some characteristics of the scientific production in Controllership (in other countries Management Accounting) between 1997 and 2006. It´s a bibliometrical and descriptive research, with a quantitative approach of the problem. The analysis was accomplished in a sample of 154 articles published in 24 Brazilian journals with Qualis notes National A and B in the accounting areas. The production of articles on the thematic represented in the analyzed period, 4,43% of the works published in the researched journals. The application of the Bradford´s Law identified the three cores of periodicals to the publications on the thematic, 2, 4 and 18 journals respectively. The verification of the Lotka´s and Pareto´s Laws revealed that there still isn´t an elite of researchers on the thematic in Brazil, and that the knowledge is dispersed among a great number of authors with low productivity. It was revealed that more than 80% of the analyzed papers are originated in Master’s and Doctoral programs among the authors’ students of programs, 94,2% were of Accountancy, Administration and Engineering.Los cambios que se produjeron en Brasil en las últimas décadas incentivaron la demanda de profesionales contables más capacitados para aplicar sus conocimientos en las organizaciones. Esto estimuló, a partir de 1998, el aumento del número de programas stricto sensu en Ciencias Contables, con áreas de concentración y/o líneas de investigación en Contraloría, marco de la producción científica sobre la temática. Este trabajo buscó señalar cuáles fueron las características de la producción científica de artículos de Contraloría entre 1997 y 2006 y trató de identificar, describir y analizar estas características. La investigación es bibliométrica y descriptiva, con un enfoque cuantitativo del problema. Se analizaron 154 artículos, publicados en 24 revistas Qualis A y B Nacional en el área contable. La producción sobre "Contraloría" en el período fue del 4,43% de los artículos publicados. La aplicación de la Ley de Bradford identificó los tres núcleos de publicaciones sobre el asunto, con 2, 4 y 18 revistas, respectivamente. Las Leyes de Lotka y Pareto indicaron los autores más productivos y revelaron que aún no hay una élite de investigadores sobre esta temática, pues el conocimiento está disperso entre diversos autores con baja productividad. Se comprobó que más del 80% de los artículos analizados proviene de programas stricto sensu y que el 94,2% de los autores alumnos de programas, eran de Ciencias Contables, Administración e Ingeniería

Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in adults with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

[EN]Some challenges faced by people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) when adapting to a neurotypical environment are related with the risk of suffering a psychiatric disorder. The aim of the present study is to conduct a systematic review on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in adults with ASD (PROSPERO’s reference number CRD42016041948). Four databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and CINAHL) were used for the electronic search, and six editorials (Science Direct, Wiley, Springer, Taylor & Francis, SAGE Publishing and BioMed Central) were manually searched for studies not previously identified. Study eligibility criteria were observational studies on psychiatric comorbidity in adults (18 years or older) with ASD, based on standard diagnostic classifications (DSM/ICD), reported in English peer-reviewed journals. A total of 1288 and 24 references were identified by electronic and manual searches, respectively. Results showed that attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in adults with ASD. Mood and anxiety disorders are also very frequent among this population. The lowest comorbidity prevalence rates of all diagnostic categories are the ones related to substance use and eating disorders. These results show a need for a greater production of studies in this field, especially follow-up studies that focus on risk and protective factors for the emergence of psychiatric problems in adults with ASD. For this reason, it is imperative to create specific diagnostic tools that allow the assessment of mental pathology, attending to the particularities of its manifestation in people with ASD

Nursing diagnoses of individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis /chronic fatigue syndrome: research protocol for a qualitative synthesis

Although previously developed qualitative studies have explored the experience of illness of individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, these findings have not been undertaken for the purpose of enabling the identification of nursing care needs in such patients. This study aims to identify NANDA-I nursing diagnoses of adults with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome based on a qualitative literature review of their experience of illness. The protocol includes: searches in the electronic databases Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, SciELO, LILACS, and Cuiden; and manual searches in specialised journals and the references of the included studies. The authors will systematically search qualitative research studies published in databases from 1994 to 2021. Searches are limited to studies in Spanish and English. All stages of the review process will be carried out independently by two reviewers. Any disagreements shall be resolved through joint discussions, involving a third reviewer if necessary. The findings will be synthesised into a thematic analysis informed by the Domains and Classes of the NANDA-I Classification of Nursing Diagnoses, which will then serve to identify nursing diagnoses. This review will enable nursing professionals to identify the care needs of individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome by taking into consideration their experience of illness in its entiret

Endothelial Jag1-RBPJ signalling promotes inflammatory leucocyte recruitment and atherosclerosis

Aim To determine the role of NOTCH during the arterial injury response and the subsequent chronic arterial-wall inflammation underlying atherosclerosis. Methods and results We have generated a mouse model of endothelial-specific (Cdh5-driven) depletion of the Notch effector recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region (RBPJ) [(ApoE$^{−/−}$); homozygous RBPJk conditional mice (RBPJ$^{flox/flox}$); Cadherin 5-Cre$^{ERT}$, tamoxifen inducible driver mice (Cdh5-Cre$^{ERT}$)]. Endothelial-specific deletion of RBPJ or systemic deletion of Notch1 in athero-susceptible ApoE$^{−/−}$ mice fed a high-cholesterol diet for 6 weeks resulted in reduced atherosclerosis in the aortic arch and sinus. Intravital microscopy revealed decreased leucocyte rolling on the endothelium of ApoE$^{−/−}$; RBPJ$^{flox/flox}$; Cdh5-Cre$^{ERT}$ mice, correlating with a lowered content of leucocytes and macrophages in the vascular wall. Transcriptome analysis revealed down-regulation of proinflammatory and endothelial activation pathways in atherosclerotic tissue of RBPJ-mutant mice. During normal Notch activation, Jagged1 signalling up-regulation in endothelial cells promotes nuclear translocation of the Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) and its physical interaction with nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). This N1ICD–NF-κB interaction is required for reciprocal transactivation of target genes, including vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Conclusions Notch signalling pathway inactivation decreases leucocyte rolling, thereby preventing endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation. Attenuation of Notch signalling might provide a treatment strategy for atherosclerosis.This study was funded by grants SAF2013-45543R, RD12/0042/0005 (RIC) and RD12/0019/0003 (TERCEL) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) to J.L.dlP, RD12/0042/0028 (RIC) to V.A. and RD12/0042/0053 (RIC) and SAF2012-40127 to J.M.G. M.N. held a Sara Borrell post-doctoral contract (CD09/00452) and D.M. holds a post-doctoral contract associated with grant RD12/0042/0005, both awarded by The Instituto de Salud Carlos III; B.M.P. holds a Juan de la Cierva post-doctoral contract (JCI-2010-06343). The CNIC is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a ‘Severo Ochoa’ Center of Excellence (MINECO award SEV-2015-0505).This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Oxford University Press via http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvw19