9 research outputs found

    Participation aux dépistages du cancer du sein chez la femme et survie aprÚs un cancer du sein selon le dépistage et les inégalités sociodémographiques

    No full text
    Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. In France, in 2020, there were nearly 59,000 new cases of cancer and more than 12,000 deaths. Despite this, the 5-year net survival of this cancer was estimated at 88% in 2018. This good prognosis can be explained, among other things, by therapeutic improvements but also by the existence of the organized screening programme (OrgS). Nowadays in France, two types of breast cancer screening coexist: the OrgS, proposing to women aged 50 to 74, without risk factors for breast cancer, to carry out a mammographic examination every 2 years; and the opportunistic screening (OppS), normally reserved for women with risk factors, allowing a closer mammographic monitoring by the gynaecologist. In 2019, the OrgS participation rate was 48.9%. The French participation rate remains low compared to the rate recommended at European level, which could be partly explained by concomitant presence of the two screenings but also by social inequalities. Many factors have been identified as being associated with non-participation in breast cancer OrgS (low confidence in OrgS due to controversies, low level of education, low income, etc). Thus, it seemed important to provide new evidence to improve confidence in OrgS and to understand how women behave when faced with the different screening proposals they have after the age of 50, in order to improve participation. The aim of this thesis was to study the contribution of OrgS in terms of survival of women after breast cancer compared to those who perform an OppS or no screening, taking into account the level of deprivation, and then to study the behaviour of 56 year old women and their reasons for not participating in breast cancer OrgS. Methods: To meet this objective, we first used different sources of data available for women aged 50- 74 years who had breast cancer in four French departments between 2009 and 2015: cancer registries, OrgS management structures and the National Health Data System. We created an algorithm to identify which women who did not participate in the OrgS had received surveillance before their cancer diagnosis. We then estimated net survival and excess mortality by screening, taking into account social inequalities, using recent modelling methods. In a second step, we identified, from a cross-sectional survey based on a self-questionnaire among 56-year-old women in 4 departments, women's experience, attitudes and reluctance towards breast cancer OrgS as well as other cancer screenings. Results: We observed a significant survival gain in women who participated in OrgS (96.8%), with a high probability of survival regardless of the level of deprivation, compared with those who were screened by OppS (93.9%) or not screened (77.4%). For women who were screened by OppS or not screened, survival decreased as the level of deprivation increased. Furthermore, the main barriers to participation in OrgS were: performing an OppS, negligence, but also lack of information and understanding about breast cancer OrgS. Conclusion: Our results provide new elements that can contribute to improving participation in OrgS. The benefit of this screening in terms of survival after cancer has been shown as well as its importance for the most deprived populations. In addition, the identification of barriers to participation will allow the implementation of more personalised approaches to information, invitation and support.Contexte : Le cancer du sein est le cancer le plus frĂ©quent chez la femme dans le monde. En France, en 2020, prĂšs de 59 000 nouveaux cas de cancer ont Ă©tĂ© diagnostiquĂ©s et plus de 12 000 dĂ©cĂšs ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©pertoriĂ©s. MalgrĂ© tout, la survie nette Ă  5 ans de ce cancer a Ă©tĂ© estimĂ©e Ă  88 % en 2018. Ce bon pronostic peut s’expliquer, entre autres, par des amĂ©liorations thĂ©rapeutiques mais Ă©galement par l’existence du programme de dĂ©pistage organisĂ© (DO). Aujourd’hui en France, deux types de dĂ©pistage du cancer du sein coexistent : le DO, proposant aux femmes de 50 Ă  74 ans, sans facteurs de risque du cancer du sein, de rĂ©aliser un examen mammographique tous les 2 ans ; et le dĂ©pistage individuel (DI), normalement rĂ©servĂ© aux femmes ayant des facteurs de risque, permettant une surveillance mammographique plus rapprochĂ©e par le gynĂ©cologue. En 2019, le taux de participation au DO Ă©tait de 48,9 %. Ce taux de participation reste faible comparĂ© au taux prĂ©conisĂ© au niveau europĂ©en, ce qui pourrait s’expliquer en partie par la prĂ©sence concomitante des 2 dĂ©pistages dans le pays mais Ă©galement par les inĂ©galitĂ©s sociales. De nombreux facteurs ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©s comme associĂ©s Ă  la non-participation au DO du cancer du sein (faible confiance accordĂ©e au DO due aux controverses, faible niveau d’éducation, faible revenu, etc
). Ainsi, il paraissait important d’apporter de nouveaux Ă©lĂ©ments afin d’amĂ©liorer la confiance dans le DO et de comprendre comment les femmes se comportent face aux diffĂ©rentes propositions de dĂ©pistages qu’elles reçoivent aprĂšs 50 ans, afin d’amĂ©liorer la participation. L’objectif de cette thĂšse Ă©tait d’étudier l’apport du DO en termes de survie des femmes aprĂšs un cancer du sein en comparaison Ă  celles qui rĂ©alisent un DI ou aucun dĂ©pistage, en prenant en compte le niveau de dĂ©favorisation, puis d’étudier le comportement des femmes de 56 ans et leurs raisons de non-participation au DO du cancer du sein. MĂ©thodes : Pour rĂ©pondre Ă  cet objectif, nous avons dans un premier temps, utilisĂ© diffĂ©rentes sources de donnĂ©es disponibles pour des femmes de 50-74 ans ayant eu un cancer du sein, dans 4 dĂ©partements français, entre 2009 et 2015 : les registres de cancers, les structures de gestion des DO et le SystĂšme National des DonnĂ©es de SantĂ©. Un algorithme a Ă©tĂ© crĂ©Ă© dans le but d’identifier, parmi les femmes qui ne participaient pas au DO, lesquelles avaient bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une surveillance avant leur diagnostic du cancer. Nous avons ensuite estimĂ© la survie nette et l’excĂšs de mortalitĂ© selon les dĂ©pistages, en tenant compte des inĂ©galitĂ©s sociales, selon des mĂ©thodes de modĂ©lisation rĂ©centes. Dans un second temps, nous avons identifiĂ©, Ă  partir d’une enquĂȘte transversale, basĂ©e sur un autoquestionnaire chez des femmes de 56 ans dans 4 dĂ©partements, l’expĂ©rience, les attitudes et les rĂ©ticences des femmes face au DO du cancer du sein ainsi qu’aux autres dĂ©pistages de cancers. RĂ©sultats : Nous avons observĂ© un gain de survie significatif chez les femmes qui participaient au DO (96,8 %), avec une probabilitĂ© de survie Ă©levĂ©e quel que soit le niveau de dĂ©favorisation, comparĂ©es Ă  celles ayant bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une surveillance (93,9 %) ou d’aucun dĂ©pistage (77,4 %). Pour les femmes surveillĂ©es ou non dĂ©pistĂ©es, la survie diminuait avec le niveau de dĂ©favorisation qui augmentait. Par ailleurs, les principaux freins Ă  la participation au DO Ă©taient : la rĂ©alisation d’un DI, la nĂ©gligence, mais Ă©galement le manque d’informations et de comprĂ©hension sur le DO du cancer du sein. Conclusion : Nos rĂ©sultats apportent de nouveaux Ă©lĂ©ments pouvant contribuer Ă  amĂ©liorer la participation au DO. Le bĂ©nĂ©fice de ce dĂ©pistage en termes de survie aprĂšs un cancer a Ă©tĂ© montrĂ© ainsi que son importance pour les populations les plus dĂ©favorisĂ©es. De plus, l’identification des freins Ă  la participation permettront de mettre en place des approches d’information, d’invitation et d’accompagnement plus personnalisĂ©es

    Participation in breast cancer screenings in women and survival after breast cancer by screening and socio-demographic inequalities

    No full text
    Contexte : Le cancer du sein est le cancer le plus frĂ©quent chez la femme dans le monde. En France, en 2020, prĂšs de 59 000 nouveaux cas de cancer ont Ă©tĂ© diagnostiquĂ©s et plus de 12 000 dĂ©cĂšs ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©pertoriĂ©s. MalgrĂ© tout, la survie nette Ă  5 ans de ce cancer a Ă©tĂ© estimĂ©e Ă  88 % en 2018. Ce bon pronostic peut s’expliquer, entre autres, par des amĂ©liorations thĂ©rapeutiques mais Ă©galement par l’existence du programme de dĂ©pistage organisĂ© (DO). Aujourd’hui en France, deux types de dĂ©pistage du cancer du sein coexistent : le DO, proposant aux femmes de 50 Ă  74 ans, sans facteurs de risque du cancer du sein, de rĂ©aliser un examen mammographique tous les 2 ans ; et le dĂ©pistage individuel (DI), normalement rĂ©servĂ© aux femmes ayant des facteurs de risque, permettant une surveillance mammographique plus rapprochĂ©e par le gynĂ©cologue. En 2019, le taux de participation au DO Ă©tait de 48,9 %. Ce taux de participation reste faible comparĂ© au taux prĂ©conisĂ© au niveau europĂ©en, ce qui pourrait s’expliquer en partie par la prĂ©sence concomitante des 2 dĂ©pistages dans le pays mais Ă©galement par les inĂ©galitĂ©s sociales. De nombreux facteurs ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©s comme associĂ©s Ă  la non-participation au DO du cancer du sein (faible confiance accordĂ©e au DO due aux controverses, faible niveau d’éducation, faible revenu, etc
). Ainsi, il paraissait important d’apporter de nouveaux Ă©lĂ©ments afin d’amĂ©liorer la confiance dans le DO et de comprendre comment les femmes se comportent face aux diffĂ©rentes propositions de dĂ©pistages qu’elles reçoivent aprĂšs 50 ans, afin d’amĂ©liorer la participation. L’objectif de cette thĂšse Ă©tait d’étudier l’apport du DO en termes de survie des femmes aprĂšs un cancer du sein en comparaison Ă  celles qui rĂ©alisent un DI ou aucun dĂ©pistage, en prenant en compte le niveau de dĂ©favorisation, puis d’étudier le comportement des femmes de 56 ans et leurs raisons de non-participation au DO du cancer du sein. MĂ©thodes : Pour rĂ©pondre Ă  cet objectif, nous avons dans un premier temps, utilisĂ© diffĂ©rentes sources de donnĂ©es disponibles pour des femmes de 50-74 ans ayant eu un cancer du sein, dans 4 dĂ©partements français, entre 2009 et 2015 : les registres de cancers, les structures de gestion des DO et le SystĂšme National des DonnĂ©es de SantĂ©. Un algorithme a Ă©tĂ© crĂ©Ă© dans le but d’identifier, parmi les femmes qui ne participaient pas au DO, lesquelles avaient bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une surveillance avant leur diagnostic du cancer. Nous avons ensuite estimĂ© la survie nette et l’excĂšs de mortalitĂ© selon les dĂ©pistages, en tenant compte des inĂ©galitĂ©s sociales, selon des mĂ©thodes de modĂ©lisation rĂ©centes. Dans un second temps, nous avons identifiĂ©, Ă  partir d’une enquĂȘte transversale, basĂ©e sur un autoquestionnaire chez des femmes de 56 ans dans 4 dĂ©partements, l’expĂ©rience, les attitudes et les rĂ©ticences des femmes face au DO du cancer du sein ainsi qu’aux autres dĂ©pistages de cancers. RĂ©sultats : Nous avons observĂ© un gain de survie significatif chez les femmes qui participaient au DO (96,8 %), avec une probabilitĂ© de survie Ă©levĂ©e quel que soit le niveau de dĂ©favorisation, comparĂ©es Ă  celles ayant bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une surveillance (93,9 %) ou d’aucun dĂ©pistage (77,4 %). Pour les femmes surveillĂ©es ou non dĂ©pistĂ©es, la survie diminuait avec le niveau de dĂ©favorisation qui augmentait. Par ailleurs, les principaux freins Ă  la participation au DO Ă©taient : la rĂ©alisation d’un DI, la nĂ©gligence, mais Ă©galement le manque d’informations et de comprĂ©hension sur le DO du cancer du sein. Conclusion : Nos rĂ©sultats apportent de nouveaux Ă©lĂ©ments pouvant contribuer Ă  amĂ©liorer la participation au DO. Le bĂ©nĂ©fice de ce dĂ©pistage en termes de survie aprĂšs un cancer a Ă©tĂ© montrĂ© ainsi que son importance pour les populations les plus dĂ©favorisĂ©es. De plus, l’identification des freins Ă  la participation permettront de mettre en place des approches d’information, d’invitation et d’accompagnement plus personnalisĂ©es.Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. In France, in 2020, there were nearly 59,000 new cases of cancer and more than 12,000 deaths. Despite this, the 5-year net survival of this cancer was estimated at 88% in 2018. This good prognosis can be explained, among other things, by therapeutic improvements but also by the existence of the organized screening programme (OrgS). Nowadays in France, two types of breast cancer screening coexist: the OrgS, proposing to women aged 50 to 74, without risk factors for breast cancer, to carry out a mammographic examination every 2 years; and the opportunistic screening (OppS), normally reserved for women with risk factors, allowing a closer mammographic monitoring by the gynaecologist. In 2019, the OrgS participation rate was 48.9%. The French participation rate remains low compared to the rate recommended at European level, which could be partly explained by concomitant presence of the two screenings but also by social inequalities. Many factors have been identified as being associated with non-participation in breast cancer OrgS (low confidence in OrgS due to controversies, low level of education, low income, etc). Thus, it seemed important to provide new evidence to improve confidence in OrgS and to understand how women behave when faced with the different screening proposals they have after the age of 50, in order to improve participation. The aim of this thesis was to study the contribution of OrgS in terms of survival of women after breast cancer compared to those who perform an OppS or no screening, taking into account the level of deprivation, and then to study the behaviour of 56 year old women and their reasons for not participating in breast cancer OrgS. Methods: To meet this objective, we first used different sources of data available for women aged 50- 74 years who had breast cancer in four French departments between 2009 and 2015: cancer registries, OrgS management structures and the National Health Data System. We created an algorithm to identify which women who did not participate in the OrgS had received surveillance before their cancer diagnosis. We then estimated net survival and excess mortality by screening, taking into account social inequalities, using recent modelling methods. In a second step, we identified, from a cross-sectional survey based on a self-questionnaire among 56-year-old women in 4 departments, women's experience, attitudes and reluctance towards breast cancer OrgS as well as other cancer screenings. Results: We observed a significant survival gain in women who participated in OrgS (96.8%), with a high probability of survival regardless of the level of deprivation, compared with those who were screened by OppS (93.9%) or not screened (77.4%). For women who were screened by OppS or not screened, survival decreased as the level of deprivation increased. Furthermore, the main barriers to participation in OrgS were: performing an OppS, negligence, but also lack of information and understanding about breast cancer OrgS. Conclusion: Our results provide new elements that can contribute to improving participation in OrgS. The benefit of this screening in terms of survival after cancer has been shown as well as its importance for the most deprived populations. In addition, the identification of barriers to participation will allow the implementation of more personalised approaches to information, invitation and support

    Participation in breast cancer screenings in women and survival after breast cancer by screening and socio-demographic inequalities

    No full text
    Contexte : Le cancer du sein est le cancer le plus frĂ©quent chez la femme dans le monde. En France, en 2020, prĂšs de 59 000 nouveaux cas de cancer ont Ă©tĂ© diagnostiquĂ©s et plus de 12 000 dĂ©cĂšs ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©pertoriĂ©s. MalgrĂ© tout, la survie nette Ă  5 ans de ce cancer a Ă©tĂ© estimĂ©e Ă  88 % en 2018. Ce bon pronostic peut s’expliquer, entre autres, par des amĂ©liorations thĂ©rapeutiques mais Ă©galement par l’existence du programme de dĂ©pistage organisĂ© (DO). Aujourd’hui en France, deux types de dĂ©pistage du cancer du sein coexistent : le DO, proposant aux femmes de 50 Ă  74 ans, sans facteurs de risque du cancer du sein, de rĂ©aliser un examen mammographique tous les 2 ans ; et le dĂ©pistage individuel (DI), normalement rĂ©servĂ© aux femmes ayant des facteurs de risque, permettant une surveillance mammographique plus rapprochĂ©e par le gynĂ©cologue. En 2019, le taux de participation au DO Ă©tait de 48,9 %. Ce taux de participation reste faible comparĂ© au taux prĂ©conisĂ© au niveau europĂ©en, ce qui pourrait s’expliquer en partie par la prĂ©sence concomitante des 2 dĂ©pistages dans le pays mais Ă©galement par les inĂ©galitĂ©s sociales. De nombreux facteurs ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©s comme associĂ©s Ă  la non-participation au DO du cancer du sein (faible confiance accordĂ©e au DO due aux controverses, faible niveau d’éducation, faible revenu, etc
). Ainsi, il paraissait important d’apporter de nouveaux Ă©lĂ©ments afin d’amĂ©liorer la confiance dans le DO et de comprendre comment les femmes se comportent face aux diffĂ©rentes propositions de dĂ©pistages qu’elles reçoivent aprĂšs 50 ans, afin d’amĂ©liorer la participation. L’objectif de cette thĂšse Ă©tait d’étudier l’apport du DO en termes de survie des femmes aprĂšs un cancer du sein en comparaison Ă  celles qui rĂ©alisent un DI ou aucun dĂ©pistage, en prenant en compte le niveau de dĂ©favorisation, puis d’étudier le comportement des femmes de 56 ans et leurs raisons de non-participation au DO du cancer du sein. MĂ©thodes : Pour rĂ©pondre Ă  cet objectif, nous avons dans un premier temps, utilisĂ© diffĂ©rentes sources de donnĂ©es disponibles pour des femmes de 50-74 ans ayant eu un cancer du sein, dans 4 dĂ©partements français, entre 2009 et 2015 : les registres de cancers, les structures de gestion des DO et le SystĂšme National des DonnĂ©es de SantĂ©. Un algorithme a Ă©tĂ© crĂ©Ă© dans le but d’identifier, parmi les femmes qui ne participaient pas au DO, lesquelles avaient bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une surveillance avant leur diagnostic du cancer. Nous avons ensuite estimĂ© la survie nette et l’excĂšs de mortalitĂ© selon les dĂ©pistages, en tenant compte des inĂ©galitĂ©s sociales, selon des mĂ©thodes de modĂ©lisation rĂ©centes. Dans un second temps, nous avons identifiĂ©, Ă  partir d’une enquĂȘte transversale, basĂ©e sur un autoquestionnaire chez des femmes de 56 ans dans 4 dĂ©partements, l’expĂ©rience, les attitudes et les rĂ©ticences des femmes face au DO du cancer du sein ainsi qu’aux autres dĂ©pistages de cancers. RĂ©sultats : Nous avons observĂ© un gain de survie significatif chez les femmes qui participaient au DO (96,8 %), avec une probabilitĂ© de survie Ă©levĂ©e quel que soit le niveau de dĂ©favorisation, comparĂ©es Ă  celles ayant bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une surveillance (93,9 %) ou d’aucun dĂ©pistage (77,4 %). Pour les femmes surveillĂ©es ou non dĂ©pistĂ©es, la survie diminuait avec le niveau de dĂ©favorisation qui augmentait. Par ailleurs, les principaux freins Ă  la participation au DO Ă©taient : la rĂ©alisation d’un DI, la nĂ©gligence, mais Ă©galement le manque d’informations et de comprĂ©hension sur le DO du cancer du sein. Conclusion : Nos rĂ©sultats apportent de nouveaux Ă©lĂ©ments pouvant contribuer Ă  amĂ©liorer la participation au DO. Le bĂ©nĂ©fice de ce dĂ©pistage en termes de survie aprĂšs un cancer a Ă©tĂ© montrĂ© ainsi que son importance pour les populations les plus dĂ©favorisĂ©es. De plus, l’identification des freins Ă  la participation permettront de mettre en place des approches d’information, d’invitation et d’accompagnement plus personnalisĂ©es.Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. In France, in 2020, there were nearly 59,000 new cases of cancer and more than 12,000 deaths. Despite this, the 5-year net survival of this cancer was estimated at 88% in 2018. This good prognosis can be explained, among other things, by therapeutic improvements but also by the existence of the organized screening programme (OrgS). Nowadays in France, two types of breast cancer screening coexist: the OrgS, proposing to women aged 50 to 74, without risk factors for breast cancer, to carry out a mammographic examination every 2 years; and the opportunistic screening (OppS), normally reserved for women with risk factors, allowing a closer mammographic monitoring by the gynaecologist. In 2019, the OrgS participation rate was 48.9%. The French participation rate remains low compared to the rate recommended at European level, which could be partly explained by concomitant presence of the two screenings but also by social inequalities. Many factors have been identified as being associated with non-participation in breast cancer OrgS (low confidence in OrgS due to controversies, low level of education, low income, etc). Thus, it seemed important to provide new evidence to improve confidence in OrgS and to understand how women behave when faced with the different screening proposals they have after the age of 50, in order to improve participation. The aim of this thesis was to study the contribution of OrgS in terms of survival of women after breast cancer compared to those who perform an OppS or no screening, taking into account the level of deprivation, and then to study the behaviour of 56 year old women and their reasons for not participating in breast cancer OrgS. Methods: To meet this objective, we first used different sources of data available for women aged 50- 74 years who had breast cancer in four French departments between 2009 and 2015: cancer registries, OrgS management structures and the National Health Data System. We created an algorithm to identify which women who did not participate in the OrgS had received surveillance before their cancer diagnosis. We then estimated net survival and excess mortality by screening, taking into account social inequalities, using recent modelling methods. In a second step, we identified, from a cross-sectional survey based on a self-questionnaire among 56-year-old women in 4 departments, women's experience, attitudes and reluctance towards breast cancer OrgS as well as other cancer screenings. Results: We observed a significant survival gain in women who participated in OrgS (96.8%), with a high probability of survival regardless of the level of deprivation, compared with those who were screened by OppS (93.9%) or not screened (77.4%). For women who were screened by OppS or not screened, survival decreased as the level of deprivation increased. Furthermore, the main barriers to participation in OrgS were: performing an OppS, negligence, but also lack of information and understanding about breast cancer OrgS. Conclusion: Our results provide new elements that can contribute to improving participation in OrgS. The benefit of this screening in terms of survival after cancer has been shown as well as its importance for the most deprived populations. In addition, the identification of barriers to participation will allow the implementation of more personalised approaches to information, invitation and support

    Participation aux dépistages du cancer du sein chez la femme et survie aprÚs un cancer du sein selon le dépistage et les inégalités sociodémographiques

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    Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. In France, in 2020, there were nearly 59,000 new cases of cancer and more than 12,000 deaths. Despite this, the 5-year net survival of this cancer was estimated at 88% in 2018. This good prognosis can be explained, among other things, by therapeutic improvements but also by the existence of the organized screening programme (OrgS). Nowadays in France, two types of breast cancer screening coexist: the OrgS, proposing to women aged 50 to 74, without risk factors for breast cancer, to carry out a mammographic examination every 2 years; and the opportunistic screening (OppS), normally reserved for women with risk factors, allowing a closer mammographic monitoring by the gynaecologist. In 2019, the OrgS participation rate was 48.9%. The French participation rate remains low compared to the rate recommended at European level, which could be partly explained by concomitant presence of the two screenings but also by social inequalities. Many factors have been identified as being associated with non-participation in breast cancer OrgS (low confidence in OrgS due to controversies, low level of education, low income, etc). Thus, it seemed important to provide new evidence to improve confidence in OrgS and to understand how women behave when faced with the different screening proposals they have after the age of 50, in order to improve participation. The aim of this thesis was to study the contribution of OrgS in terms of survival of women after breast cancer compared to those who perform an OppS or no screening, taking into account the level of deprivation, and then to study the behaviour of 56 year old women and their reasons for not participating in breast cancer OrgS. Methods: To meet this objective, we first used different sources of data available for women aged 50- 74 years who had breast cancer in four French departments between 2009 and 2015: cancer registries, OrgS management structures and the National Health Data System. We created an algorithm to identify which women who did not participate in the OrgS had received surveillance before their cancer diagnosis. We then estimated net survival and excess mortality by screening, taking into account social inequalities, using recent modelling methods. In a second step, we identified, from a cross-sectional survey based on a self-questionnaire among 56-year-old women in 4 departments, women's experience, attitudes and reluctance towards breast cancer OrgS as well as other cancer screenings. Results: We observed a significant survival gain in women who participated in OrgS (96.8%), with a high probability of survival regardless of the level of deprivation, compared with those who were screened by OppS (93.9%) or not screened (77.4%). For women who were screened by OppS or not screened, survival decreased as the level of deprivation increased. Furthermore, the main barriers to participation in OrgS were: performing an OppS, negligence, but also lack of information and understanding about breast cancer OrgS. Conclusion: Our results provide new elements that can contribute to improving participation in OrgS. The benefit of this screening in terms of survival after cancer has been shown as well as its importance for the most deprived populations. In addition, the identification of barriers to participation will allow the implementation of more personalised approaches to information, invitation and support.Contexte : Le cancer du sein est le cancer le plus frĂ©quent chez la femme dans le monde. En France, en 2020, prĂšs de 59 000 nouveaux cas de cancer ont Ă©tĂ© diagnostiquĂ©s et plus de 12 000 dĂ©cĂšs ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©pertoriĂ©s. MalgrĂ© tout, la survie nette Ă  5 ans de ce cancer a Ă©tĂ© estimĂ©e Ă  88 % en 2018. Ce bon pronostic peut s’expliquer, entre autres, par des amĂ©liorations thĂ©rapeutiques mais Ă©galement par l’existence du programme de dĂ©pistage organisĂ© (DO). Aujourd’hui en France, deux types de dĂ©pistage du cancer du sein coexistent : le DO, proposant aux femmes de 50 Ă  74 ans, sans facteurs de risque du cancer du sein, de rĂ©aliser un examen mammographique tous les 2 ans ; et le dĂ©pistage individuel (DI), normalement rĂ©servĂ© aux femmes ayant des facteurs de risque, permettant une surveillance mammographique plus rapprochĂ©e par le gynĂ©cologue. En 2019, le taux de participation au DO Ă©tait de 48,9 %. Ce taux de participation reste faible comparĂ© au taux prĂ©conisĂ© au niveau europĂ©en, ce qui pourrait s’expliquer en partie par la prĂ©sence concomitante des 2 dĂ©pistages dans le pays mais Ă©galement par les inĂ©galitĂ©s sociales. De nombreux facteurs ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©s comme associĂ©s Ă  la non-participation au DO du cancer du sein (faible confiance accordĂ©e au DO due aux controverses, faible niveau d’éducation, faible revenu, etc
). Ainsi, il paraissait important d’apporter de nouveaux Ă©lĂ©ments afin d’amĂ©liorer la confiance dans le DO et de comprendre comment les femmes se comportent face aux diffĂ©rentes propositions de dĂ©pistages qu’elles reçoivent aprĂšs 50 ans, afin d’amĂ©liorer la participation. L’objectif de cette thĂšse Ă©tait d’étudier l’apport du DO en termes de survie des femmes aprĂšs un cancer du sein en comparaison Ă  celles qui rĂ©alisent un DI ou aucun dĂ©pistage, en prenant en compte le niveau de dĂ©favorisation, puis d’étudier le comportement des femmes de 56 ans et leurs raisons de non-participation au DO du cancer du sein. MĂ©thodes : Pour rĂ©pondre Ă  cet objectif, nous avons dans un premier temps, utilisĂ© diffĂ©rentes sources de donnĂ©es disponibles pour des femmes de 50-74 ans ayant eu un cancer du sein, dans 4 dĂ©partements français, entre 2009 et 2015 : les registres de cancers, les structures de gestion des DO et le SystĂšme National des DonnĂ©es de SantĂ©. Un algorithme a Ă©tĂ© crĂ©Ă© dans le but d’identifier, parmi les femmes qui ne participaient pas au DO, lesquelles avaient bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une surveillance avant leur diagnostic du cancer. Nous avons ensuite estimĂ© la survie nette et l’excĂšs de mortalitĂ© selon les dĂ©pistages, en tenant compte des inĂ©galitĂ©s sociales, selon des mĂ©thodes de modĂ©lisation rĂ©centes. Dans un second temps, nous avons identifiĂ©, Ă  partir d’une enquĂȘte transversale, basĂ©e sur un autoquestionnaire chez des femmes de 56 ans dans 4 dĂ©partements, l’expĂ©rience, les attitudes et les rĂ©ticences des femmes face au DO du cancer du sein ainsi qu’aux autres dĂ©pistages de cancers. RĂ©sultats : Nous avons observĂ© un gain de survie significatif chez les femmes qui participaient au DO (96,8 %), avec une probabilitĂ© de survie Ă©levĂ©e quel que soit le niveau de dĂ©favorisation, comparĂ©es Ă  celles ayant bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une surveillance (93,9 %) ou d’aucun dĂ©pistage (77,4 %). Pour les femmes surveillĂ©es ou non dĂ©pistĂ©es, la survie diminuait avec le niveau de dĂ©favorisation qui augmentait. Par ailleurs, les principaux freins Ă  la participation au DO Ă©taient : la rĂ©alisation d’un DI, la nĂ©gligence, mais Ă©galement le manque d’informations et de comprĂ©hension sur le DO du cancer du sein. Conclusion : Nos rĂ©sultats apportent de nouveaux Ă©lĂ©ments pouvant contribuer Ă  amĂ©liorer la participation au DO. Le bĂ©nĂ©fice de ce dĂ©pistage en termes de survie aprĂšs un cancer a Ă©tĂ© montrĂ© ainsi que son importance pour les populations les plus dĂ©favorisĂ©es. De plus, l’identification des freins Ă  la participation permettront de mettre en place des approches d’information, d’invitation et d’accompagnement plus personnalisĂ©es

    Eur J Cancer Prev

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    BACKGROUND: Today, women 50 years of age are offered three types of cancer screening in France. However, participation is not optimal. The aim was to describe (1) participation in organised breast cancer screening (OS) of women aged 56 years old, and the influence of this participation on colorectal and cervical cancer screening, (2) the reasons for non-participation in breast cancer OS, and (3) the reasons for screening before age 50. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to 56-year-old women in four French departments to identify their participation behaviour in three breast cancer OS invitations and their reasons for non-participation. Three groups were determined according to the number of participations in breast cancer OS (3, 1-2 and 0). We described the quantitative responses and grouped the qualitative responses thematically. RESULTS: A total of 4634 women responded to the questionnaire. Seventy-six percent had undergone all three breast cancer OS, 16% irregular and 7% non-participant. Among women who irregularly perform breast cancer OS, 50.5% also irregularly perform colorectal cancer OS. Women who participated in all three invitations for the breast cancer OS performed more smear tests than women in the other groups. Many of the irregular participants or non-participants underwent opportunistic screening, often initiated before the age of 50. The reasons for non-participation in breast cancer OS were mainly medical or participation in opportunistic screening. CONCLUSION: There is no fundamental opposition to participation in breast cancer screening. However, it remains of the utmost importance that women should be better informed about OS and its benefits

    How do women comply with cancer screenings? A study in four regions of France

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    BACKGROUND: This article looks at the behaviour of women facing different cancer screening options available to them from the age of 50 onward. The study was conducted in 2019 in four departments of the French territory with the objective of identifying the factors that influence acceptance of a population-based screening proposal. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to women who had received three invitations to organised screenings (OS) for both breast and colorectal cancer. The categories of participants in both OS were designed from data from the regional cancer screening coordination centres in each department. Participation in opportunistic cervical cancer screening was evaluated as self-reported data. RESULTS: 4,634 questionnaires were returned out of the 17,194 sent, giving a global return rate of 27%. The highest rate of return (73.5%) was obtained from women who had participated at least once in both breast and colorectal cancer OS. An intermediate rate was obtained from women participating in breast cancer OS only (18.7%). Poor levels of return came from women who had participated in colorectal cancer OS only (3.6%) and from non-participants (4.1%). Our results suggest that women with lower educational levels tend to be the most regular attendants at OS (50.3%), compared to highly educated women (39.7%). 11.8% of women were overdue in their opportunistic cervical cancer screening. This percentage rose to 35.4% in the category of non-participants. In addition, women's comments provide a better understanding of the reasons for irregular attendance and non-participation. CONCLUSION: Overall, similar behaviours towards screening were observed in the four departments. Our analysis suggests that participation in one cancer OS increases the likelihood of participating in others. This adhesion could be an interesting lever for raising women's awareness of other cancer screenings

    Cancer Epidemiol

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    BACKGROUND: Some studies have investigated the role of socio-demographic inequalities in the association between screening and survival. However, in France, no study has been conducted to describe the socio-demographic characteristics and survival of women with breast cancer based on their participation to mass screening. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of socio-demographic inequalities on the association between participation in mass screening program and survival of women with breast cancer. METHODS: Data for 2,244 women aged 50-74 years diagnosed with breast cancer over the period 2008-2010 were obtained from the cancer registry and the screening structure of Gironde. We used the aggregated European Deprivation Index (EDI) to define the deprivation level of women. Net survival rates were estimated with the Pohar-Perme method, with and without correcting for lead-time bias. RESULTS: Survival rates were lower for non-attenders than for screen-detected women (83.8% vs 97.3%, p < 0.0001), even after correcting for lead-time bias. Among the most deprived women, the survival rate was significantly different between non-attenders and screen-detected women (78.1% vs 95.6%, p = 0.0002), suggesting an important effect of mass screening in this group. CONCLUSION: The introduction of incentive actions in deprived areas could play a key role in the adherence of women to mass screening and in improving their survival in case of a breast cancer diagnosis

    Cancer Epidemiol

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    BACKGROUND: Many studies have investigated the survival of women by comparing those who participated in organised screening with those who did not. However, among those who do not participate in organised screening, some women undergo opportunistic screening, but these women remain difficult to identify, particularly in France. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify opportunistic screening, and then to study survival after breast cancer separately according to participation in organised, opportunistic or no screening, and taking into account sociodemographic inequalities. METHODS: The study population was identified from 3 French cancer registries, whose data was crossed with the screening coordination centers and the National Health Data System to identify the different type of screening. The European Deprivation Index was used to define the level of deprivation. We estimated net survival using the Pohar-Perme method. RESULTS: The 5-year net survival probabilities were higher for women who attended organised screening (97.0 %) than for women with opportunistic screening (94.1 %) or non-attenders (78.1 %). According to the level of deprivation, a significant difference was observed between the groups of women screened by organised and opportunistic screening, compared to the non-attenders. CONCLUSION: The identification of opportunistic screening is an important element in identifying women who do not screening. It enables to us to see that women who do not attend any screening have a much higher loss-of-opportunity in terms of survival than those who participate in organised or opportunistic screening, and even more so in the most deprived areas

    How do age and social environment affect the dynamics of death hazard and survival in patients with breast or gynecological cancer in France?

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    Several studies have investigated the association between net survival and social inequalities in people with cancer, highlighting a varying influence of deprivation depending on the type of cancer studied. However, few of these studies have accounted for the effect of social inequalities over the follow-up period, and/or according to the age of the patients. Thus, using recent and more relevant statistical models, we investigated the effect of social environment on net survival in women with breast or gynecological cancer in France. The data were derived from population-based cancer registries, and women diagnosed with breast or gynecological cancer between 2006 and 2009 were included. We used the European Deprivation Index (EDI), an aggregated index, to define the social environment of the women included. Multidimensional penalized splines were used to model excess mortality hazard. We observed a significant effect of the EDI on net survival in women with breast cancer throughout the follow-up period, and especially at 1.5 years of follow-up in women with cervical cancer. Regarding corpus uteri and ovarian cancer patients, the effect of deprivation on net survival was less pronounced. These results highlight the impact of social environment on net survival in women with breast or gynecological cancer in France thanks to a relevant statistical approach, and identify the follow-up periods during which the social environment may have a particular influence. These findings could help investigate targeted actions for each cancer type, particularly in the most deprived areas, at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up
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