Interaction gestuelle à une main avec un smartphone : retours utilisateurs et application aux picophones

This paper presents a one-handed gesture command for the interaction with a picophone and any mobile device. We present an algorithm of 3D gesture recognition based on the filtering of accelerometer data. An experiment is detailed which shown the robustness of the gesture detection as well as the interest of such a one-handed command. At last, we report an application of this work with a picophone

Interaction avec un picoprojecteur : État de l'art et analyse des attentes des utilisateurs

4 pagesNational audienceUn picoprojecteur est un vidéoprojecteur portatif aux dimensions réduites. On appelle également picophone, un smartphone qui intègre un tel dispositif. Encore très peu diffusé, ce nouveau dispositif interactif mobile est commercialisé depuis 2 ans. Cet article dresse un état de l'art des recherches actuellement menées sur le sujet, puis présente les attentes d'un panel de 50 utilisateurs potentiels

Synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate in the peroxisome of Pichia pastoris

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are polyesters naturally produced by bacteria that have properties of biodegradable plastics and elastomers. A PHA synthase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa modified at the carboxy-end for peroxisomal targeting was transformed in Pichia pastoris. The PHA synthase was expressed under the control of the promoter of the P. pastoris acyl-CoA oxidase gene. Synthesis of up to 1% medium-chain-length PHA per g dry weight was dependent on both the expression of the PHA synthase and the presence of oleic acid in the medium. PHA accumulated as inclusions within the peroxisomes. P. pastoris could be used as a model system to study how peroxisomal metabolism needs to be modified to increase PHA production in other eukaryotes, such as plant

Système interactif de détection de comportements dynamiques anormaux

International audienceCet article présente une approche d'identification des comportements anormaux dans le cadre de la surveillance maritime. Après avoir rappelé les problèmes de surcharge cognitive qui se posent aux opérateurs du contrôle maritime, l'article présente le processus que les contrôleurs mettent en oeuvre pour analyser une situation. Il détaille ensuite les approches d'identification existantes avant de proposer une démarche originale qui inclut l'humain dans le processus d'aide à la détection de situations anormales

Characterization of a protein of the plastid inner envelope having homology to animal inorganic phosphate, chloride and organic-anion transporters

A protein from Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. showing homology to animal proteins of the NaPi-1 family, involved in the transport of inorganic phosphate, chloride, glutamate and sialic acid, has been characterized. This protein, named ANTR2 (for anion transporters) was shown by chloroplast subfractionation to be localized to the plastid inner envelope in both A. thaliana and Spinacia oleracea (L.). Immunolocalization revealed that ANTR2 was expressed in the leaf mesophyll cells as well as in the developing embryo at the upturned-U stage. Five additional homologues of ANTR2 are found in the Arabidopsis genome, of which one was shown by green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion to be also located in the chloroplast. All ANTR proteins share homology to the animal NaPi-1 family, as well as to other organic-anion transporters that are members of the Anion:Cation Symporter (ACS) family, and share the main features of transporters from this family, including the presence of 12 putative transmembrane domains and of a 7-amino acid motif in the fourth putative transmembrane domain. ANTR2 thus represent a novel protein of the plastid inner envelope that is likely to be involved in anion transpor

Système Sibylle d'aide à la communication pour personnes handicapées : Modèle linguistique et interface utilisateur

Atelier "Reconstruire la langue dans les communications alternatives et augmentées"International audienceCet article est consacré à une description complète du système SIBYLLE d'aide à la communication qui est développé conjointement par les laboratoires LI et VALORIA. Cet article décrit à la fois le module de prédiction linguistique qui repose sur des modèles de langage avancés, et l'interface utilisateur qui a été développée pour prendre en compte les besoins réels des utilisateurs tels qu ils ont été définis avec le centre de rééducation fonctionnelle de Kerpape. Les performances du système sont présentées, de même que l intégration de SIBYLLE dans le projet francophone ESACIMC d analyse des usages réels des communicateurs

Post-exercise heart rate recovery and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

SummaryAbnormal heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise, a marker of cardiac autonomic dysfunction, is associated with poor prognosis in various populations. As chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with cardiac autonomic dysfunction, we tested the hypothesis that patients with COPD have a lower HRR than healthy people, and evaluated whether a delay in HRR is associated with an increased risk of mortality in COPD. The records of 147 COPD patients were reviewed (65.1±9.1 years, mean±sd, 42 women/105 men, forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1): 42±15% predicted) and compared to 25 healthy subjects (61.6±4.5 years, 5 women/20 men, FEV1: 100±14% predicted) during recovery after an exercise test. Heart rate was measured at peak exercise and at 1-min recovery, the difference between the two being defined as HRR (11±9 beats in COPD patients vs. 20±9 beats in healthy subjects, P<0.0001). During a mean follow-up of 43.1±22.0 months, 32 patients died. Abnormal HRR (⩽14 beats) was a strong predictor of mortality in COPD patients (adjusted hazard ratio: 5.12, 95% CI [1.54–17.00]). In conclusion, COPD patients have a lower HRR than healthy subjects, and have a worse prognosis when presenting abnormal HRR

Short-term heart rate variability in a population-based sample of 10-year-old children

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive quantitative marker of cardiac autonomic function derived from continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. Normative HRV values and development factors have not been established in pediatric populations. The objective was to derive referent time- and frequency-domain HRV values for a population-based sample of children. Children aged 9-11 years (N = 1,036) participated in the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development cohort cardiovascular health screening. Registered nurses measured anthropometrics (height, weight) and children wore an ambulatory Holter monitor to continuously record an ECG signal. HRV variables included time (SDNN, pNN50, RMSSD, SDANN) and frequency (HF, LF, LF/HF ratio) domain variables. Normative HRV values, stratified by age, sex, and heart rate, are presented. Greater heart rate (β avg = -0.60, R avg (2) = 0.39), pubertal maturation (β avg = -0.11, R avg (2) = 0.01), later ECG recording times (β avg = -0.19, R avg (2) = 0.07), and higher diastolic blood pressure (β avg = -0.11, R avg (2) = 0.01) were significantly associated with reduced HRV in 10-year-old children. The normative HRV values permit clinicians to monitor, describe, and establish pediatric nosologies in primary care and research settings, which may improve treatment of diseases associated with HRV in children. By better understanding existing values, the practical applicability of HRV among clinicians will be enhanced. Lastly, developmental (e.g., puberty) and procedural (e.g., recording time) factors were identified that will improve recording procedures and interpretation of results

PGC-1-Related Coactivator Modulates Mitochondrial-Nuclear Crosstalk through Endogenous Nitric Oxide in a Cellular Model of Oncocytic Thyroid Tumours

BACKGROUND:The PGC-1 related coactivator (PRC), which shares structural and functional features with PGC-1alpha, is believed to regulate several metabolic pathways as well as mitochondrial biogenesis. Its involvement in the early programming of cell proliferation suggests the existence of finely regulated crosstalk between mitochondrial functions and the cell cycle status. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:PRC-regulated pathways were explored in a cell-line model derived from mitochondrial-rich tumours with an essentially oxidative metabolism and specifically high PRC expression. The functional status of mitochondria was compared to the results of microarray analysis under conditions of temporal PRC inhibition. To specify the fine PRC regulation, the expression levels of the genes and proteins involved in the oxidative phosphorylation process were studied by real time quantitative PCR and western blotting. As in earlier studies on PGC-1alpha, we investigated the role of nitric oxide in PRC-regulated mitochondrial biogenesis and determined its action in the control of the phosphorylation status of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE:We found that nitric oxide rapidly influences PRC expression at the transcriptional level. Focusing on mitochondrial energetic metabolism, we observed that PRC differentially controls respiratory chain complexes and coupling efficiency in a time-dependent manner to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Our results highlight the key role of PRC in the rapid modulation of metabolic functions in response to the status of the cell cycle

BDNF Val66Met polymorphism interacts with sleep consolidation to predict ability to create new declarative memories

It is hypothesized that a fundamental function of sleep is to restore an individual's day-to-day ability to learn and to constantly adapt to a changing environment through brain plasticity. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is among the key regulators that shape brain plasticity. However, advancing age and carrying the BDNF Met allele were both identified as factors that potentially reduce BDNF secretion, brain plasticity, and memory. Here, we investigated the moderating role of BDNF polymorphism on sleep and next-morning learning ability in 107 nondemented individuals who were between 55 and 84 years of age. All subjects were tested with 1 night of in-laboratory polysomnography followed by a cognitive evaluation the next morning. We found that in subjects carrying the BDNF Val66Val polymorphism, consolidated sleep was associated with significantly better performance on hippocampus-dependent episodic memory tasks the next morning (β-values from 0.290 to 0.434, p ≤ 0.01). In subjects carrying at least one copy of the BDNF Met allele, a more consolidated sleep was not associated with better memory performance in most memory tests (β-values from -0.309 to -0.392, p values from 0.06 to 0.15). Strikingly, increased sleep consolidation was associated with poorer performance in learning a short story presented verbally in Met allele carriers (β = -0.585, p = 0.005). This study provides new evidence regarding the interacting roles of consolidated sleep and BDNF polymorphism in the ability to learn and stresses the importance of considering BDNF polymorphism when studying how sleep affects cognition