First isolation of dengue 1 virus from Aedes aegypti in Federal District, Brazil

Dengue is present in the Federal District since 1991 and virological studies of the vector began in 1998. Two strains of DEN1 were isolated from 9 pools of female Aedes aegypti (78 mosq.), collected in April in Gama county, where the Breteau index was 5.4, and 32 autochtonous human cases were notified

Uso de aditivos em rações para suínos nas fases de creche, crescimento e terminação Use of additives in feed for swine in nursery, growing and finishing phases

Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de verificar o efeito da adição de antibiótico, probiótico, prebiótico e gluconato de sódio para suínos no período de 28 a 142 dias de idade, correspondente às fases de creche, crescimento e terminação. Foram utilizados 168 leitões desmamados aos 21 dias de idade, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em 42 baias com quatro suínos machos castrados em cada unidade experimental, com seis repetições e sete dietas: ração basal (controle negativo); ração basal + antibiótico; ração basal + probiótico; ração basal + prebiótico; ração basal + probiótico + prebiótico (simbiótico); ração basal + gluconato de sódio; ração basal + gluconato de sódio + probiótico. O desempenho dos animais diferiu entre as dietas e foi melhor nos animais que receberam ração com aditivos no período de 28 a 142 dias de idade. Entre os aditivos, o simbiótico foi mais eficiente, pois promoveu os melhores resultados de ganho de peso e conversão alimentar. Do mesmo modo, a adição de gluconato de sódio + probiótico, prebiótico e probiótico nas rações foi mais eficiente que a adição de antibiótico. A utilização dos aditivos avaliados em substituição ao antibiótico não compromete as características de carcaça e a morfometria intestinal. A associação do probiótico e prebiótico (simbiótico) estudados melhora o desempenho dos suínos nas fases de creche, crescimento e terminação.<br>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotic and sodium gluconate for swine from 28 to 142 days of age, corresponding to the nursery, growing and finishing phases. One hundred and sixty-eight piglets were used weaned at 21 days in a randomized complete design in 42 pens with four male piglets in each experimental unit with six replications and seven treatments: control basal feed; basal feed + antibiotic; basal feed + probiotic; basal feed + prebiotic; basal feed + probiotic + prebiotic (symbiotic); basal feed + sodium gluconate; basal feed + sodium gluconate + probiotic. The animals performance differed among he treatmentsand was best in the animals that received feed with additive from 28 to 142 days of age. Among the feeds with additive, symbiotic was more efficient, presenting the best results in weight gain and feed conversion. Similarly, the addition of sodium + probiotic, prebiotic and probiotic in the feeds was more efficient than antibiotic addition. The use of the evaluated additives substituting the antibiotics did not harm the or the intestinal morphometry. The combination of probiotic and prebiotic (symbiotic) improves the swine performance in the nursery, growing and finishing phases

Natural and improved natural pastures on the reproductive performance of first-calf beef cows Pastagens naturais e melhoradas no desempenho reprodutivo de vacas de corte primíparas

This work evaluated the reproductive performance of first-calf cows at three years of age, submitted or not to protein supplementation at yearling on natural pastures. After calving, cows were managed on natural or improved pastures. The feeding managements were the following: on natural pastures as yearlings and during pregnancy, post-calving period and breeding season; on natural pastures with protein supplement as yearlings and only natural pasture during pregnancy, post-calving and breeding season; on natural pastures as yearlings and during pregnancy and on improved natural pastures (Lolium multiflorum L., Trifolium repens cv. Yi and Lotus corniculatus cv. São Gabriel) during the post-calving period and breeding season; on natural pastures with protein supplement at yearling, on natural pastures during pregnancy, and on improved natural pasture during post-calving period and breeding season. Cows did not differ on body weight, but from calving to the beginning of breeding season, cows on improved natural pastures presented higher weight gain than those on natural pastures (0.203 vs. 0.109 kg/day). Cows in post-calving on natural pastures lost 1.0 point of body condition score during mating, determinant of the lowest pregnancy rate and later conception in relation to cows on improved natural pasture. Pregnant cows presented higher body weight (440 vs. 413 kg) and body condition score (4.14 vs. 3.66 points) than open cows at the end of the breeding season.<br>O trabalho avaliou o desempenho reprodutivo de vacas primíparas aos três anos de idade, submetidas previamente ou não à suplementação protéica no sobreano sobre pastagens naturais. Após o parto, foram manejadas em pastagens naturais ou naturais melhoradas. Os manejos alimentares foram: em pastagem natural na recria e nos períodos de gestação, pós-parto e reprodutivo; em pastagem natural com suplemento protéico na recria e somente pastagem natural durante os períodos de gestação, pós-parto e reprodutivo; em pastagem natural durante a recria e período de gestação, em pastagem natural melhorada (Lolium multiflorum L., Trifolium repens cv. Yi e Lotus corniculatus L. cv. São Gabriel) nos períodos pós-parto e reprodutivo; em pastagem natural com suplemento protéico na recria, em pastagem natural no período de gestação e em pastagem natural melhorada nos períodos pós-parto e reprodutivo. As vacas não diferiram em peso corporal, porém do parto ao início do acasalamento vacas em pastagem natural melhorada tiveram maiores ganhos de peso do que as vacas mantidas em pastagem natural (0,230 vs 0,109 kg/dia). Vacas no pós-parto em pastagens naturais perderam 1,0 ponto de condição corporal durante o acasalamento, determinante da menor taxa de prenhez e de concepções mais tardias em relação às vacas em pastagem natural melhorada. Vacas que conceberam apresentaram maior peso (440 vs 413 kg) e condição corporal (4,14 vs 3,66 pontos) no final do acasalamento do que as vacas não prenhes

Population structure and dynamics of the Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in the North Atlantic inferred from otolith chemical and shape signatures

The Atlantic mackerel, Scomber scombrus, is an economically important and widely distributed fish species in the North Atlantic, currently considered to comprise two stocks: the North-West Atlantic (NWA) and the North-East Atlantic (NEA). Each stock is composed of different spawning components which involve temporal and spatial movements driven by the environment. Thus, resolving the species population structure and dynamics presents a challenge to scientists. In this study, the stock structure of S. scombrus was evaluated using otolith shape and chemical signatures. One hundred and eighty individuals of the same cohort (age 3), caught between January and February of 2018 from six key locations in the North Atlantic, were used. Individuals were collected from the two spawning components in the NWA stock, the Canadian Northern component (NWA-N) and the US Southern component (NWA-S); and from the three spawning components in the NEA stock, the North Sea (NEA-NS), the Western (NEA-W) and the Southern components (NEA-S), plus, an overlapping area of these last two components, the Bay of Biscay (NEA-BB). Combined otolith signatures fully discriminated the NEA and NWA stocks (100% of reclassification success, indicates distinct population-units) and discriminated the components within each stock with high reclassification percentages (100% and 68% for the overall reclassification of the NWA and NEA components, respectively). These data suggest that NWA stock should be regard as two distinct populationunits for fisheries management purposes, confirms the complex metapopulational structure of the NEA stock, and calls for the need of continuous evaluation of these complex stocks in order to achieve a sustainable exploitation.MARINFO [NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000035]FCT Foundation for Science and TechnologyPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [UIDB/04423/2020, UIDP/04423/2020]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio