Information management and exponencial learning in Society 5.0: foundations for an integrated system

Humanity uses the information to reduce discomfort, effort, and errors. With this in mind, headphones were invented, so that the music could be heard without disturbing others; home appliances were created to reduce the effort in washing dishes or clothes, and calculating machines were developed so that human distraction would not cause an accident in calculating the weight that a bridge could support. But the information has hardly changed the certainties and doubts about which university course to take, what the individual's daily life will be like in the academic path, which includes when and what to study, what to eat and what to do in their free time. Is there a hobby that the individual could enjoy, but does not know? There is greater access to information, but many times instead of navigating this information, the individual sinks in the middle of it. In addition, teachers and students remain stuck in the curriculum, with the same menu being provided for carnivores, vegetarians, or lactose intolerants. If before, students were beaten with wood in their hands and were attacked psychologically, having to learn the same as everyone else, nowadays only hands are no longer suffering from wood, at least in theory. Reducing mistakes in choosing a higher education course and the whole life that governs the academic path, can be a dream for many individuals, and software that collects enough information to learn about the individual and guide him/her on the beginning of their academic path could be an extremely useful compass. Knowing which university course to take, which discipline, among the electives, to choose, knowing the right time to get up according to the circadian cycle, what to do throughout the day, what and when to eat, are all informational outputs that utopian software could provide so as to contribute to the individual's success. But would such informational management drastically reduce the hassles, efforts, and mistakes to be made, or would it negatively affect the individual's life due to lack of experience with failure? Is the information learned from failure really necessary for success? This article starts from a brief history about information in education, analyses information management in Society 5.0, in the era of exponential technologies, and the construction of competence matrices. The goal is to start a debate about the delegation and trust in software, the management of personal information for individual success.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Visiting supermarket through virtual reality: an opportunity for rehabilitation of people with disability

[Abstract] The process of rehabilitation of physical or cognitive skills in people with disabilities can be long, monotonous and unmotivating. Exercises can often involve mechanical and repetitive movements, which can have a negative impact on adherence to the rehabilitation process. The aim of this work is the use of virtual reality (VR) environments for the improvement of physical and cognitive skills. The researcher’s proposal is a work based on activities of daily living, which can facilitate the transfer of the improvements obtained to the person’s daily life. The proposed environment represents a very realistic supermarket, which provides a high degree of immersion. Four activities are proposed to take place in different locations in the supermarket. These activities will involve the movement of different parts of the body to improve physical skills. Cognitive skills related to memory, coordination or mental agility will also be worked on. The application will track the person’s movements and record various parameters related to the achievement of the activity. This data can be consulted by the health professional, which could contribute to a better evaluation of the user’s progress.PID2019-104323RB-C33; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España

Stakeholder Perspectives to Support Graphical User Interface Design for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Qualitative Study

[Abstract] The development of digital supports for people with autism has increased considerably in recent years. Technology designers and developers have interpreted the needs and learning styles of people with autism in different ways. As a result, there are generic, non-specific or heterogeneous guidelines for the design and development of technology for people with autism. This study aims to identify and describe the recommended elements to support graphical user interface design for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), considering the stakeholders’ perspective, engaged in a computer application development. A qualitative, longitudinal, multicentre study was carried out. A sample of 39 participants belonging to four groups of stakeholders participated: children with autism, family members, professionals with experience in the intervention with children with autism, and professionals with expertise in the design and development of assistive technology. The techniques used to formalise the collection of information from participants were semi-structured interviews and observation. MAXQDA 2020 software (Verbi Software, Berlin, Germany) was used to analyse the data. The result is a guide with suggestions to support an interface design that emerges from the stakeholder perspectives. This study provides useful information to offer alternatives for children with ASD and facilitate the understanding of daily life.The authors disclose the receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: all the economic costs involved in the study will be borne by the research team. We wish to acknowledge the support received from the Centro de Investigación de Galicia “CITIC”, funded by Xunta de Galicia and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund- Galicia 2014–2020 Program), by grant ED431G 2019/01. The diffusion and publication of this research are funded by the CITIC. This study was partially supported by the Orange Foundation in Spain. Moreover, the author P.C.-M. obtained a scholarship (Ref. ED481A-2019/069), and the author M.d.C.M.-D. (Ref. ED481A 2018/205) to develop a PhD thesis. In addition, this research had the support by the National Program of R + D + i oriented to the Challenges of Society 2019 (PID2019-104323RB-C33)

Technologies for participatory medicine and health promotion in the elderly population

Study protocol clinical trial[Abstract] Introduction: The progressive aging of the population is a socio-demographic phenomenon experienced by most countries in the world in recent decades, especially in Japan and in many European Union countries. During this process, so-called “geriatric syndromes” frequently occur. The focus of this study is the quality of life of the elderly in relation to these 3 factors: risk of falls, urinary incontinence, and insomnia. Objective: The main purpose is to determine the impact of a multifactorial intervention program implemented with institutionalized elderly people. The program is focused on the treatment of the aforementioned factors. Methods and Analysis: The study will be carried out with elderly people living in three residences for the elderly in A Coruña Province (Galicia, Spain).It is a prospective and longitudinal study, with a temporary series design of a “quasi-experimental” type that evaluates the effect of an intervention in 1 given population by doing assessments pre- and post-intervention, but there is no comparison with a control group. The intervention will be based on a multifactorial program, including the following phases: the use of wearable devices (wearable fitness trackers to register physical activity and sleep), the use of an App on a Tablet to record the participants’ occupations and activities, counseling about performance in activities of daily living, the implementation of a physical activity program, and the treatment of the pelvic floor (according to each research line). The Quality of Life (QoL) will be assessed before and after the intervention, with the use of the questionnaire EuroQol-5D-5L. Data analysis will be applied with all registered variables through a quantitative perspective. Ethics and Dissemination: The protocol has been approved by the host institution's ethics committee (Research Ethics Committee of Galicia) under the number 2017/106. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journal articles and conferences. This clinical trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03504813.Xunta de Galicia; IN852A 2016/10Xunta de Galicia; R2014/039Xunta de Galicia; ED431G/0

Analysis of Older Adults in Spanish Care Facilities, Risk of Falling and Daily Activity Using Xiaomi Mi Band 2

[Abstract] Background: Presently the use of technological devices such as wearable devices has emerged. Physical activity monitoring with wearable sensors is an easy and non-intrusive approach to encourage preventive care for older adults. It may be useful to follow a continuous assessment of the risk of falling. The objective is to explore the relationship between the daily activity measured by Xiaomi Mi Band 2 and the risk of falling of older adults residing in or attending care facilities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on three different institutions located in Galicia (autonomous community) (Spain). Results: A total of 31 older adults were included in the study, with a mean age of 84 ± 8.71 years old. The main findings obtained were that a greater number of steps and distance could be related to a lower probability of falling, of dependency in basic activities of daily living, or of mobility problems. Conclusions: The importance of focusing on daily steps, intrinsically related to the objective assessment of daily physical activity, is that it is a modifiable factor that impacts different aspects of health and quality of life.Xunta de Galicia; IN852A 2016/10GERIA-TIC project co-funded by the Galician Innovation Agency (GAIN) through the Connect P.E.M.E. Program (third edition) (IN852A 2016/10) and European Union F.E.D.E.R. funds

Design of a system to implement occupational stress studies trough wearables devices and assessment tests

[Abstract] Introduction: Stress at work is a factor that has repercussions on both a personal and health level, as well as on productivity at work. Objective: To establish if the wearables are devices capable of determining the level of labor stress of working people in a research center. Methodology: This pilot study followed up different variables during 6 months on 11 participants of a research center. In the study, wearables Xiaomi MiB and 3 were used, which recorded and continuously monitored the physical activity and sleep of the participants. On the other hand, different specific evaluation tests were used to measure work stress, quality of life and sleep quality. Results: The data obtained from the tests and the wearables show that men feel slightly more stressed and sleep worse than women; however, men spend more time sitting and walking than women. Conclusions: It is considered important to replicate the study in larger and more heterogeneous cohorts

Occupational Therapy and the Use of Technology on Older Adult Fall Prevention: A Scoping Review

[Abstract] Introduction: Falls are the second leading cause of accidental or non-intentional deaths worldwide and are the most common problem as people age. The primary purpose of addressing falls is to detect, prevent, treat, and reduce their incidence and consequences. Previous studies identified that multifactorial programs, an interprofessional team, and assistive technology are required to address falls in older adults effectively. Accordingly, the research question is as follows: what are the scope, type of studies, and approaches and strategies to fall risk using technology in the existing occupational therapy literature regarding interventions to address the effects of falls in older adults on daily living? Methods: This scoping review was carried out in January 2020 through Biblioteca Virtual de Salud España, C.I.N.A.H.L., Cochrane Plus, OTSeeker, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Results: Twelve papers were included. We analyzed the year and journal of publication, authors’ affiliation, and design of the study, and thematic categories. There were three themes: participants’ characteristics, type of intervention, and fall approach and type of technology used. Discussion and Conclusions: The literature obtained is scarce. It is considered to still be an emerging theme, especially when considering the use of technology for occupational therapy.The authors disclosed the receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The research team will bear all the economic costs involved in the study, with the support of the CITIC, as Research Center accredited by Galician University System that is funded by “Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Universidades from Xunta de Galicia,” which provided 80% of funds through ERDF Funds, ERDF Operational Programme Galicia 2014-2020, and the remaining 20% was provided by “Secretaría Xeral de Universidades [Grant ED431G 2019/01]. Moreover, P.C.-M. obtained a scholarship [Ref.ED481A-2019/069] and M.D.C.M.-D. [Ref.ED481A 2018/205] gained a scholarship to develop a Ph.D. In addition, this work is also supported in part by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación R+D+I projects in the framework of the national programs of knowledge generation and scientific and technological strengthening of the R+D+I system and the challenges of society’s-oriented R+D+I 2019 call (PID2019-104323RB-C33

Mixed Study on the Impact of a Technology-Based Retirement Preparation Program: Tech-Retired. Protocol Study

[Abstract] Background: Despite the increase in the older-adults’ population and recognizing retirement as one of the most changeable life stages, most Spanish people do not perform a retirement preparation program. The adaptation and preparation for retirement are needed to ensure adequate active and healthy aging. Objectives: The study aims to know about the experience with the retirement process of a retired people’s group and understand the impact on their quality-of-life and behavior change of a Personalized Retirement Preparation Program using technological devices. Participants: People retired who have enjoyed paid employment and have never done a preparation program for retirement. Methods: The present study is a mixed design consisting of a Participatory-Action-Research and a quasi-experimental study. The qualitative tools used were semi-structured individual, group interviews, and field diary, and the quantitative tools were the sociodemographic variables sheet and the EuroQol-5D-5 L scale. Action plan development: It was developed with 26 participants divided into three groups, during five presential sessions, and using technological resources. Data analysis: It consists of the comparison pre-post action plan along with analysis of the interview transcriptions with a parallel convergent analysis between qualitative and quantitative data. Ethics: The Research Ethics Committee of Galicia has approved the protocol.Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/01Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; PID2019-104323RB-C3

Use of the Xiaomi Mi Band for sleep monitoring and its influence on the daily life of older people living in a nursing home

[Abstract] Background: Lower quantity and poorer sleep quality are common in most older adults, especially for those who live in a nursing home. The use of wearable devices, which measure some parameters such as the sleep stages, could help to determine the influence of sleep quality in daily activity among nursing home residents. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the influence of sleep and its changes concerning the health status and daily activity of older people who lived in a nursing home, by monitoring the participants for a year with Xiaomi Mi Band 2. Methods: This is a longitudinal study set in a nursing home in [Details omitted for double-anonymized peer reviewed]. The Xiaomi Mi Band 2 will be used to measure biomedical parameters and different assessment tools will be administered to participants for evaluating their quality of life, sleep quality, cognitive state, and daily functioning. Results: A total of 21 nursing home residents participated in the study, with a mean age of 86.38 ± 9.26. The main outcomes were that sleep may influence daily activity, cognitive state, quality of life, and level of dependence in activities of daily life. Moreover, environmental factors and the passage of time could also impact sleep. Conclusions: Xiaomi Mi Band 2 could be an objective tool to assess the sleep of older adults and know its impact on some factors related to health status and quality of life of older nursing homes residents

Study for the design of a protocol to assess the impact of stress in the quality of life of workers

[Abstract] Background: Work stress is one of the most relevant issues in public health. It has a significant impact on health, especially the development of mental disorders, causing occupational imbalance. There is a growing interest in the development of tools with a positive effect on workers. To this end, wearable technology is becoming increasingly popular, as it measures biometric variables like heartbeat, activity, and sleep. This information may be used to assess the stress a person is suffering, which could allow the development of stress coping strategies, both at a professional and personal level. (2) Methods: This paper describes an observational, analytical, and longitudinal study which will be set at a research center in A Coruña, Spain. Various scales and questionnaires will be filled in by the participants throughout the study. For the statistical analysis, specific methods will be used to evaluate the association between numerical and categorical variables. (3) Discussion: This study will lay the foundation for a bigger, more complete study to assess occupational stress in different work environments. This will allow us to begin to understand how occupational stress influences daily life activity and occupational balance, which could directly enhance the quality of life of workers if the necessary measures are taken.This work is supported in part by some grants from the European Social Fund 2014–2020. CITIC (Research Centre of the Galician University System) and the Galician University System (SUG) obtained funds through the Regional Development Fund (ERDF) to cover 80% of the Operational Program ERDF Galicia 2014–2020, and the remaining 20% was obtained by the Secretaría Xeral de Universidades of the Galician University System (SUG). Specifically, the author P.C.M. obtained a scholarship (Ref. ED481A-2019/069), and the author M.D.C.M.-D. (Ref. ED481A 2018/205) to develop the Ph.D. thesis. Furthermore, the diffusion and publication of this research are funded by the CITIC, as the Research Centre by Galician University System, with the support previously mentioned (Ref ED431G 2019/01). In addition, this work is also supported in part by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación R+D+I projects in the framework of the national programs of knowledge generation and scientific and technological strengthening of the R+D+I system, and challenges of society’s oriented R+D+I 2019 call (PID2019-104323RB-C33