Modelos gravimétricos y carta de isanómalas de aire libre sobre Banco Burdwood

Con los datos gravimétricos de la campaña “Islas Oreadas ” 13-14/77, y de otras campañas, se confeccionó una carta de isoanómalas de aire libre, la que muestra una orientación general este-oeste de las anomalías, con un máximo hacia el sur del Banco coincidente con el afloramiento de las capas de alta velocidad y densidad y hacia el norte un bajo gravimétrico asociado a la presencia de grandes espesores de sedimentos de baja velocidad. Sobre la carta se toman dos perfiles que se correlacionan con dos cortes sísmicos de refracción existentes. Se dan modelos de profundidades de corteza y de la interfase corteza - manto (Mohorovicic) para dichas secciones.With gravity data from the “Islas Oreadas”, cruise 13-14/77, and from other cruises, a map of free air anomalies has been made that shows an E-W trend of the anomalies, with a maximum to the South of the Burdwood Bank coincident with the outcropping of high speed and high density layers and with a gravity low to the North on an area of thick low speed sedimentary layers. Two profiles are studied from the map and correlated with two seismic refraction profiles. Models of crust depth and mantle-crust interface depth are given.Asociación Argentina de Geofísicos y Geodesta

A Comprehensive Investigation on the Effects of Surface Finishing on the Resistance of Stainless Steel to Localized Corrosion

The present research investigates the influence of surface roughness imparted by cold surface finishing processes on the localized corrosion resistance of stainless steel. Five different alloys were studied: ferritic AISI 430, martensitic AISI 430F, austenitic AISI 303, AISI 304L, and AISI 316L. It was demonstrated that the grinding process, executed on previously cold drawn bars, leads to an improvement in corrosion resistance according to the results obtained with electrochemical tests, namely, potentiostatic and potentiodynamic tests in chloride-rich environments, the salt spray test, and long-term exposure in urban and marine atmospheres. This allowed us to establish a trend among the different alloys regarding the resistance to pitting corrosion, which was assessed according to pitting potentials, critical chloride contents, and pitting initiation time. All the tests confirmed that surface finishing, as well as alloy chemical composition, is an important factor in controlling the corrosion resistance of stainless steel

First breeding record of kelp gull (<i>Larus dominicanus</i>) in samborombón bay, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

Se describe una nueva colonia de Gaviota Cocinera (<i>Larus dominicanus</i>), la más septentrional de la costa atlántica argentina, ubicada en las cercanías de la Reserva Natural Punta Rasa, Bahía Samborombón. La colonia fue encontrada en una de las islas de la Ría San Clemente, cerca del puerto de pesca de San Clemente del Tuyú. La primera visita a la colonia se realizó durante la etapa de cortejo y formación de nidos el 3 de septiembre de 2005. Se realizó una segunda visita a la colonia durante el periodo de puesta de huevos del 24 al 26 de septiembre de 2005. Fueron hallados un total de 54 nidos, 50 de ellos ubicados sobre jume, 2 sobre cortadera y 2 sobre el barro, en un área de cuevas de cangrejo cavador. El 15 de diciembre de 2005 fueron cuantificados 64 pichones en los 54 nidos. Aunque la reproducción en este sitio no había sido descripta, los pescadores recuerdan la existencia de la colonia desde hace al menos 20 años. Su cercanía con el puerto de San Clemente sugiere que la presencia humana puede ser frecuente y que podría ocurrir ocasionalmente la recolección de huevos.We describe a new Kelp Gull (<i>Larus dominicanus</i>) colony, the most northern one along the Argentine Atlantic coast, located near Punta Rasa Reserve, Samborombón Bay. The colony was found on one of several island of the San Clemente’s tidal creek located near San Clemente del Tuyú Harbour. The first visit to the colony was made during courtship and nest formation in 3 September 2005. The second visit was made during the egg laying period between 24–26 September 2005. A total of 54 nests were found, 50 of them upon pickle weed, 2 upon dense-flowered pampas grass and 2 in the mud near a burrowing crab area. On 15 December 2005 we counted a total of 64 chicks in 54 nests. Although this is the first record of Kelp Gull reproduction in the area, local fishermen recall this colony being there since at least 20 years ago. Its location near San Clemente harbour suggests that human presence may be frequent and that egg collection could occur frequently

Interprofessional collaboration between different health care professions in emilia romagna

Background and aim of the work: Interprofessional collaboration in the healthcare sector contributes to the delivery of high quality and safe services to patients across different subdivisions of the healthcare system which is faced with constant challenges. The international literature offers a plethora of tools for assessing the collaboration between health workers, but only a few of these have been validated in the Italian language. One that has undergone such validation is the interprofessional collaboration (IPC) scale, which measures the perception of collaboration among health professionals. An advantage of this scale is that is addresses all workers within the system, and is not limited to specific professions. The aim of the present study was to apply the validated Italian version of the IPC scale, to a context different to the one used for its validation, to measure the level of collaboration between different health care workers. Method: A questionnaire-based study was conducted on a sample consisting of 329 health professionals working at Azienda USL-IRCCS in Reggio Emilia. The categorical and continuous variables were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequen-cies, percentages and standard deviations). Results: The IPC scale showed physicians to express the highest level of collaboration with other professionals, in line with the results of other studies in the literature. The values calculated for the factors “accommodation” and “communication” were higher than for “isolation”, de-picting a good level collaboration. The only case in which the isolation factor, which describes an absence of collaboration, was equal to the other two factors was in relation to the evaluation of midwives by nursing aides/orderlies. Conclusions: In conclusion, the Italian version of the IPC scale provides a useful instrument for measuring interprofessional collaboration between workers in the healthcare sector. In the present study, it revealed a satisfactory level of collaboration between health professionals in an organization located in Emilia Romagna, Italy. (www.actabiomedica.it)

Contourite terraces along the Argentine continental margin : morphosedimentary and oceanographic implications

Un enorme Sistema Deposicional Contornítico, compuesto mediante rasgos deposicionales y erosivos, ha sido caracterizado en el margen continental Argentino. El presente trabajo se centra en los rasgos erosivos contorníticos y en concreto en uno de ellos: las terrazas contorníticas. Se identifican a lo largo del talud continental, y a diferentes profundidades, un conjunto de terrazas con una muy buena continuidad lateral. Esta terrazas son elementos morfológicos sub-horizontales sobre el actual fondo submarino desarrolladas durantes sucesivas fases constructivas (deposicionales) y erosivas mediante la acción de las masas de agua antárticas que interaccionan con el talud continental. Regionalmente la ubicación de las terrazas se correlaciona con la posición de las interfases entre las principales masas de agua. La presencia de las terrazas contorníticas implica cambios muy significativos en el perfil morfológico del talud, generando un perfil muy diferente al definido en los modelos conceptuales de los taludes para los márgenes continentalesA significant Contourite Depositional System on the slope of the Argentine margin was characterised, where several depositional and erosive features are well developed. This work is focused on one of these erosive features: the contourite terraces. A set of terraces with good lateral continuity has been described at different depths along the slope. They are sub-horizontal morphologic elements identified at the present sea-floor, which have developed over time in constructional (depositional) and erosive phases caused by the interaction of Antarctic water masses with the seafloor. Their location can be correlated with the main interfaces of water masses. Contourite terraces occurrence has conditioned a remark change in the slope morphologic profile very different to those defined in the conceptual models for continental margin

A double-deletion method to quantifying incremental binding energies in proteins from experiment. Example of a destabilizing hydrogen bonding pair

The contribution of a specific hydrogen bond in apoflavodoxin to protein stability is investigated by combining theory, experiment and simulation. Although hydrogen bonds are major determinants of protein structure and function, their contribution to protein stability is still unclear and widely debated. The best method so far devised to estimate the contribution of side-chain interactions to protein stability is double-mutant-cycle analysis, but the interaction energies so derived are not identical to incremental binding energies (the energies quantifying net contributions of two interacting groups to protein stability). Here we introduce double-deletion analysis of isolated residue pairs as a means to precisely quantify incremental binding. The method is exemplified by studying a surface-exposed hydrogen bond in a model protein (Asp96/Asn128 in apoflavodoxin). Combined substitution of these residues by alanines slightly destabilizes the protein, due to a decrease in hydrophobic surface burial. Subtraction of this effect, however, clearly indicates that the hydrogen-bonded groups in fact destabilize the native conformation. In addition, Molecular Dynamics simulations and classic double-mutant-cycle analysis explain quantitatively that, due to frustration, the hydrogen bond must form in the native structure because, when the two groups get approximated upon folding their binding becomes favorable. We would like to remark two facts: that this is the first time the contribution of a specific hydrogen bond to protein stability has been measured from experiment, and that more hydrogen bonds need to be analyzed in order to draw general conclusions on protein hydrogen bonds energetics. To that end, the double deletion method should be of help.Comment: 41 pages, To appear in Biophysical Journal (in press

Front. Plant. Sci.

Plasmodesmata (PD) pores connect neighbouring plant cells and enable direct transport across the cell wall. Understanding the molecular composition of these structures is essential to address their formation and later dynamic regulation. Here we provide a biochemical characterisation of the cell wall co-purified with primary PD of Arabidopsis thaliana cell cultures. To achieve this result we combined subcellular fractionation, polysaccharide analyses and enzymatic fingerprinting approaches. Relative to the rest of the cell wall, specific patterns were observed in the PD fraction. Most xyloglucans, although possibly not abundant as a group, were fucosylated. Homogalacturonans displayed short methylated stretches while rhamnogalacturonan I species were remarkably abundant. Ful l rhamnogalacturonan II forms, highly methyl-acetylated, were also present. We additionally showed that these domains, compared to the broad wall, are less affected by wall modifying activities during a time interval of days. Overall, the protocol and the data presented here open new opportunities for the study of wall polysaccharides associated with PD.Ecole Universitaire de Recherche de Sciences des Plantes de Paris-SaclayThe function of membrane tethering in plant intercellular communicatio

Las Secuencias Depositacionales del Plioceno-Cuaternario en la Plataforma Submarina adyacente al Litoral del Este Bonaerense

Se describen las características sismoestratigráficas, sedimentológicas y morfológicas del sector de plataforma submarina adyacente al este bonaerense. El trabajo se basa en los resultados obtenidos durante el desarrollo de sucesivos proyectos destinados al estudio de la cubierta sedimentaria del Plioceno-Cuaternario y reciente, utilizando metodologías de relevamiento sísmico de reflexión de media a alta resolución y muestreos de sedimentos. El sector de plataforma estudiado constituye una típica plataforma submarina silicoclástica de margen pasivo, de gran extensión y suave relieve. Su configuración morfológica está caracterizada por relieves aterrazados con una cobertura sedimentaria de depósitos arenosos relicto a palimpsestos que resultaron del retrabajamiento de sistemas costeros de playas, barreras y lagunas litorales durante el retroceso de la línea de costa como consecuencia del ascenso del nivel del mar durante la transgresión postglacial, con una etapa final de remodelado parcial durante el descenso del nivel del mar del Holoceno superior. Se diferencian dos ámbitos, la plataforma interior ("Terraza Rioplatense", entre la línea de costa y los 30/40 m de profundidad) con geoformas ajustadas a la hidrodinámica actual, y la plataforma exterior (entre la isobata de 70 m y el borde exterior de la plataforma en transición al talud), con sedimentos relicto de poca movilidad; en ambas se hallan relieves pre-transgresivos labrados en depósitos marinos y continentales del Plio-Pleistoceno que afloran bajo la cubierta sedimentaria reciente. Un escalón abrupto de 30/40 m de desnivel separa ambas plataformas. La secuencia estratigráfica estudiada está constituida por seis Secuencias Depositacionales (SD 1 a SD 6 de techo a base) que representan paquetes sedimentarios separados por discordancias. La SD 6 constituye la base de la secuencia, y corresponde a depósitos marinos del Mioceno correlacionables con las unidades costeras conocida como "Paranense-Entrerriense-Chapadmalense". La SD 5 son depósitos marinos en transición a continentales equivalentes a la Fm Barranca de los Lobos del litoral marplatense y a la unidad conocida como "Fm Puelches Equivalente" del Plioceno. La SD 4 está caracterizada por sedimentos marinos correspondientes al denominado "Interensenadense" en el litoral bonaerense, de edad aproximada a los 2,41 Ma (Plioceno superior), y se reconocen en ella diversas sismofacies de ambientes marinos, costeros y continentales con una secuencia litológica granodecreciente hacia arriba. La SD 3, marina, tiene la particularidad de tener una distribución saltuaria, a diferencia de las restantes que se extienden de manera uniforme en toda la región, lo que demuestra la ocurrencia, con posterioridad a su depositación, de importantes procesos erosivos probablemente asociados a tectónica y/o glacioeustatismo. La SD 2 representa a los depósitos marinos-costeros formados durante el estadío isotópico 5e (120 ka), que en las llanuras costeras vecinas se lo conoce como "Belgranense", y está constituida por diversas facies entre las que se destacan barreras-lagunas litorales, playas y estuarios. La SD 1 es la cobertura superficial formada durante la transgresión postglacial en ambientes de barreras-lagunas costeras-estuarios. La secuencia integrada por las SD 5 a 1 representa a las transgresiones glacioeustáticas del Plioceno- Cuaternario, con diferentes grados de preservación en la plataforma y el Río de la Plata en virtud de variantes tectónicas y morfológicas. Existe la posibilidad de que no todas las transgresiones marinas ocurridas en la región hayan quedado preservadas en el registro geológico