Implantology

People tried to replace their lost tooth by a new one from ancient times. They used different materials to make an artificial tooth: wood, bone, stone. Besides, teeth of dead animals were used. These so-called implants were uncomfortable and temporary

E-Dura implant

Researchers from all over the world every day try to find new ways to improve medical equipment, release patients‘ pain, make life of injured people more comfortable

E-Dura implant

Researchers from all over the world every day try to find new ways to improve medical equipment, release patients‘ pain, make life of injured people more comfortable

Brief Observation of the General Trajectory of Western Media Coverage of the Religious Situation in Ukraine

The article attempts to analyze the general trajectory of Western media coverage of the religious environment in Ukraine. Recently, the religious situation in Ukraine has become one of the strategic issues of national security, since it is relevant and important in the light of not only the religious, but also the political context of Ukraine. The study examines the journalistic activity of Western publications about the religious transformations of Ukraine from 2019 to 2023. This encompasses the intensity of the rapid confessional changes in Ukraine, the style of the journalistic text under study, the intensity of their media representation, and the peculiarities of Western publishing. As sources of information, data on open Internet resources, as well as publications in the Western press and blogs are used. The key representations of the Ukrainian religious situation in the American and European mass media are analyzed, and a media context is found in which a specific interpretation of religious issues is proposed, taking into account intense transformational components. The influence of the work of several popular Western media, in particular, the Pulitzer Center, ContactUkraine, ukrainetrek.com, U.S. Department of State, United States Institute of Peace, and others, regarding the Ukrainian religious and political environment is considered. Special attention is drawn to the state reaction to the aggressive influences of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC), in particular, and is referred to by the modern press under the stamp Moscow Patriarchate (MP) and is recognized as the pro-Russian and at the same time the largest religious community represented on Ukrainian lands. A political and socio-religious analysis of the processes that took place in Ukraine during the specified period is compiled. The relevance of the research topic is due not only to the widespread public interest and involvement in the waves of confessional shifts, but also to the revealed political instability of church life. This was presented by Western media for the European and American target audiences and was not associated with the UOC-MP and today\u27s religious trends. Therefore, we consider it peculiar that the reflection by journalists of Western publications forced the Ukrainian state apparatus to have influences on a hostile religious institution. Accordingly, consideration of the content of foreign publications is important for the further development of the image of the modern world religious discourse

Confessional Style of the Ukrainian Language

The scientific work presents the practical possibilities of stylistics in the development of the confessional variety of the Ukrainian language, covering its diachronic and synchronic planes of study. The authors raise the question of the classification of the confessional style, outline its problems, and to demonstrate the patterns of speech that highlight the characteristic features of this stylistic variety. The areas of use, the dynamics of development, the limits of influence, and the popularity of the style are considered; lexico-stylistic units are listed as an illustrative example. The temporal dimension encompassed by the style begins during paganism in the Ukrainian lands and continues into the present time. Accordingly, the style is recognized as the most ancient type of language known to linguistics. The stylistic system of the Ukrainian language includes seven styles: colloquial/everyday, formal official business, journalistic, artistic, scientific, epistolary, and confessional. The last became the object of thorough research only since the independence of Ukraine. It is worth remembering, however, the legacy of Vasyl Nimchuk, who noted the lexico-semantic and stylistic parameters of the Ukrainian language at the turn of the 17th century through the prism of his confessionalism.1 In connection with the freedoms of speech and religion proclaimed in Article 35 of the Constitution of Ukraine, every citizen can visit and profess any denomination, solidifying the rights of every Ukrainian to faith, thereby consolidating the position of the sacred style of the Ukrainian language and providing opportunities for its free use. The sublimity of the style creates a certain sacred harmony which is not possessed by any other known style of the Ukrainian language. It is noticed that the sacred language laid the foundation for the flourishing of both its own and other varieties of Ukrainian speech, setting the tone for the formation of other styles

In Vitro Neurochemical Assessment of Methylphenidate and Its "Legal High" Analogs 3,4-CTMP and Ethylphenidate in Rat Nucleus Accumbens and Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis

3,4-dichloromethylphenidate (3,4-CTMP) and ethylphenidate are new psychoactive substances and analogs of the attention deficit medication methylphenidate. Both drugs have been reported on online user fora to induce effects similar to cocaine. In the UK, 3,4-CTMP appeared on the drug market in 2013 and ethylphenidate has been sold since 2010. We aimed to explore the neurochemical effects of these drugs on brain dopamine and noradrenaline efflux. 3,4-CTMP and ethylphenidate, purchased from online vendors, were analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy to confirm their identity. Drugs were then tested in adolescent male rat brain slices of the nucleus accumbens and stria terminalis for effects on dopamine and noradrenaline efflux respectively. Fast cyclic voltammetry was used to measure transmitter release. Methylphenidate (10 μM) increased evoked dopamine and noradrenaline efflux by 4- and 2-fold, respectively. 3,4-CTMP (0.1 and 1 μM) increased evoked dopamine and noradrenaline efflux by ~6-fold and 2-fold, respectively. Ethylphenidate (1 μM) doubled evoked dopamine and noradrenaline efflux in both cases. 3,4-CTMP's effect on dopamine efflux was greater than that of methylphenidate, but ethylphenidate appears to be a weaker dopamine transporter inhibitor. Experiments using the dopamine D2 antagonist haloperidol, the noradrenaline α2 receptor antagonist yohimbine, the dopamine transporter inhibitor GBR12909 and the noradrenaline transporter inhibitor desipramine confirmed that we were measuring dopamine in the accumbens and noradrenaline in the ventral BNST. All three psychostimulant drugs, through their effects on dopamine efflux, may have addictive liability although the effect of 3,4-CTMP on dopamine suggests that it might be most addictive and ethylphenidate least addictive

Cryptic Disc Structures Resembling Ediacaran Discoidal Fossils from the Lower Silurian Hellefjord Schist, Arctic Norway

The Hellefjord Schist, a volcaniclastic psammite-pelite formation in the Caledonides of Arctic Norway contains discoidal impressions and apparent tube casts that share morphological and taphonomic similarities to Neoproterozoic stem-holdfast forms. U-Pb zircon geochronology on the host metasediment indicates it was deposited between 437 ± 2 and 439 ± 3 Ma, but also indicates that an inferred basal conglomerate to this formation must be part of an older stratigraphic element, as it is cross-cut by a 546 ± 4 Ma pegmatite. These results confirm that the Hellefjord Schist is separated from underlying older Proterozoic rocks by a thrust. It has previously been argued that the Cambrian Substrate Revolution destroyed the ecological niches that the Neoproterozoic frond-holdfasts organisms occupied. However, the discovery of these fossils in Silurian rocks demonstrates that the environment and substrate must have been similar enough to Neoproterozoic settings that frond-holdfast bodyplans were still ecologically viable some hundred million years later

Państwo i społeczeństwo w XXI wieku : harmonizacja europejskiej przestrzeni współpracy w dziedzinie prawa, kultury i turystyki

Słowo wstępne "Poszerzenie Unii Europejskiej w maju 2004 roku różniło się zasadniczo od wcześniejszych. Wymagało bowiem od państw kandydujących nie tylko ogromnego wysiłku dostosowawczego. Daje się ono porównać raczej z początkowym okresem integracji. Wtedy także trzeba było wkroczyć na zupełnie nieznane ścieżki, które stopniowo doprowadziły do jednolitego systemu instytucjonalnego i prawnego, na którym dziś opiera się Wspólnota. Kraje środkowej części naszego kontynentu wchodziły do Unii również z oczekiwaniem, że członkostwo podniesie rangę tych państw na arenie międzynarodowej oraz jednoznacznie określi ich nową pozycję w Europie. Jednoczenie się Europy jest wyrazem głębokiej wspólnoty kulturowej, czerpiącej ze śródziemnomorskich korzeni naszej cywilizacji."(...