The association between physical activity and urinary incontinence among adults residing in Spain Association entre activité physique et incontinence urinaire chez des adultes résidant en Espagne

Objectives: To explore the association between physical activity (PA) and urinary incontinence (UI) in Spain. Equipment and methods: Cross-sectional data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 were analyzed. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form was used to measure level of PA (exposure), and sufficient PA corresponded to at least 600 MET-minutes/week. UI (outcome) was self-reported in response to the question “Have you ever been diagnosed with UI?”. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations overall, by sex, and by age group (15–40, 41–64, 65–69 years). Logistic regression models were adjusted for sex (except sex-stratified analyses), age, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthritis, chronic back pain, injury, asthma, thyroid dysfunction, depression, and anxiety. Results: This study included 17,777 participants [48.0% of males; mean (SD) age 45.8 (14.1) years]. The prevalence of sufficient PA and UI was 69.8% and 2.4%, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, doing at least 600 MET-minutes/week of PA was negatively associated with UI [odds ratio (OR) = 0.67; 95%CI = 0.55–0.83]. This finding was corroborated in women (OR = 0.62; 95%CI = 0.48–0.80), participants aged 15–40 years (OR = 0.40; 95%CI = 0.20–0.79) and those aged 41–64 years (OR = 0.71; 95%CI = 0.55–0.93), but not in men (OR = 0.81; 95%CI = 0.57–1.16) and those age 65–69 years (OR = 0.72; 95%CI = 0.47–1.09). Conclusion: Participation in PA is negatively associated with UI. Although further research is needed to explore the direction of this association, PA should be promoted in people with UI, especially in women and young and middle-aged adults

CMS physics technical design report: Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

This report presents the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics programme offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collisions of lead nuclei at energies ,will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. The prime goal of this research is to study the fundamental theory of the strong interaction - Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) - in extreme conditions of temperature, density and parton momentum fraction (low-x). This report covers in detail the potential of CMS to carry out a series of representative Pb-Pb measurements. These include "bulk" observables, (charged hadron multiplicity, low pT inclusive hadron identified spectra and elliptic flow) which provide information on the collective properties of the system, as well as perturbative probes such as quarkonia, heavy-quarks, jets and high pT hadrons which yield "tomographic" information of the hottest and densest phases of the reaction.0info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe