ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ШЛУНКА ПРИ ХІРУРГІЧНІЙ КОРЕКЦІЇ АТРЕЗІЇ СТРАВОХОДУ ПРИ VACTER-АСОЦІЙОВАНИХ ВАДАХ РОЗВИТКУ В ДІТЕЙ

Хірургічне лікування захворювань і вроджених вад розвитку стравоходу в дітей представляє найбільш складну частину дитячої хірургії. Абсолютна більшість ортотопічних і гетеротопічних пластик стравоходу в дітей дов одиться на його атрезію або наслідки хімічного у раження органу. Представлене спостереження ілюструє побудову й реалізацію плану лікування дитини з атрезією стравоходу в сполученні з мікроцефалією й VACTER-асоційованими аномаліями. У цьому випадку для корекції атрезії стравоходу було використане переміщення шлунку в гр удну порожнину з гарним результатом. Висновки: 1. Виконання заміщення стравоходу шляхом переміщення шлунку є одним з можливих варіантів рішення складної проблеми корекції атрезії стравоходу при сполученні із множинними вадами розвитку. 2. Використання зазначеної методики створює оптимальні умови для проведення зондового харчування у дітей з пато логією центральної нервової системи та порушеннями актуковтання

Strong short-range magnetic order in a frustrated FCC lattice and its possible role in the iron structural transformation

We investigate magnetic properties of a frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnet with a face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice and exchange interactions between the nearest- and next-nearest neighbours, J1 and J2. In a collinear phase with the wave vector Q = (pi,pi,pi) the equations of the self-consistent spin-wave theory for the sublattice magnetization and the average short range order parameter are obtained and numerically solved. The dependence of the Neel temperature T_N on the ratio J2/J1 is obtained. It is shown, that at strong enough frustration there is a wide temperature region above T_N with strong short range magnetic order. Application of this result to description of structural phase transition between alpha and gamma-phase of Fe is considered

Biological diversity of the coastal zone of the Crimean peninsula: problems, preservation and restoration pathways

The results of complex hydrochemical, hydrobiological and ichthyological investigations by IBSS, NAS of Ukraine, realized in 6 regions of the coastal zone of the Crimean peninsula in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov are given. The main negative factors causing changes in structural and functional characteristics of hydrobiocenoses in the regions studied are analyzed and “hot ecological spots” are isolated. Variants of different methods of management of the coastal ecosystems, including construction of artificial reefs and usage of biological filters for water cleaning, protection and recreation of biological diversity are taken into consideration

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПРОЦЕССА СОВМЕЩЕННОГО ЛИТЬЯ-ПРЕССОВАНИЯ ПРИ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИИ АЛЮМИНИЕВОЙ ПРОВОЛОКИ ДЛЯ ПАЙКИ ВОЛНОВОДОВ

The study covers technical and technological features of a scheme for wire production from casting aluminum alloys designed for waveguide soldering using combined continuous non-ferrous metal die-casting. Dependencies were found that necessary and sufficient for the design of equipment structural elements and process modes ensuring conditions for a stable process of continuous molten metal feeding into the pass of the laboratory plant rotary crystallizer, metal solidification and extrusion into a die hole, the same as per Conform process. The cross section of a batcher hole for feeding molten metal into the crystallizer wheel pass was calculated. Conditions for ∅3 mm workpiece manufacturing at a laboratory continuous die-casting plant were described, with its subsequent processing to finite size by section rolling and drawing combined with intermediate annealing. A pilot batch of round and square wire made of AK12C10 and AK12C15 alloys in the amount of 3 kg was manufactured under this scheme and transferred to JSC «ISS» named after Academician M.F. Reshetnev for industrial tests in waveguide soldering.Рассмотрены технические и технологические особенности схемы получения проволоки из литейных алюминиевых сплавов, предназначенной для пайки волноводов, с использованием процесса совмещенного непрерывного литья-прессования цветных металлов. Установлены зависимости, необходимые и достаточные для проектирования конструктивных элементов оборудования и технологических режимов, обеспечивающих реализацию условий для стабильного протекания процессов непрерывной подачи расплава металла в ручей карусельного кристаллизатора лабораторной установки, его затвердевания и экструдирования в отверстие матрицы так же, как в технологии Conform. Рассчитана величина поперечного сечения отверстия в дозаторе подачи расплава металла в ручей колеса-кристаллизатора. Приведено описание режимов получения на лабораторной установке непрерывного литья-прессования заготовки диаметром 3 мм и последующей ее обработки сортовой прокаткой и волочением в сочетании с промежуточными отжигами до конечных размеров. По этой схеме из сплавов АК12Ц10 и АК12Ц15 была изготовлена опытная партия круглой и квадратной проволоки в количестве 3 кг и передана предприятию АО «ИСС» им. акад. М.Ф. Решетнева для промышленных испытаний при пайке волноводов

The Projection Method for Reaching Consensus and the Regularized Power Limit of a Stochastic Matrix

In the coordination/consensus problem for multi-agent systems, a well-known condition of achieving consensus is the presence of a spanning arborescence in the communication digraph. The paper deals with the discrete consensus problem in the case where this condition is not satisfied. A characterization of the subspace $T_P$ of initial opinions (where $P$ is the influence matrix) that \emph{ensure} consensus in the DeGroot model is given. We propose a method of coordination that consists of: (1) the transformation of the vector of initial opinions into a vector belonging to $T_P$ by orthogonal projection and (2) subsequent iterations of the transformation $P.$ The properties of this method are studied. It is shown that for any non-periodic stochastic matrix $P,$ the resulting matrix of the orthogonal projection method can be treated as a regularized power limit of $P.$Comment: 19 pages, 2 figure

Investigation of the Behavior of Hydrogen in the Aluminum Alloy in the Manufacture of Small Pigs at the Aluminum Plant UC RUSAL

В статье приведены результаты исследований динамики насыщения алюминия и его сплавов водородом в технологической схеме от алюминиевого электролизера до литейного конвейера в условиях Саяногорского алюминиевого завода ОК РУСАЛ. Показано, что одним из основных источников насыщения расплава алюминия водородом является его взаимодействие с влагой воздуха при открытых переливах металла в процессе его движения от электролизера до литейного конвейера. По результатам обследования предложены технические решения, направленные на снижение концентрации водорода в расплаве, которые составят предмет дальнейших исследованийThe results of studies of aluminum saturation dynamics and its alloys with hydrogen in the technological scheme of the electrolytic aluminum to the casting assembly line in a steel plant RUSAL. It was shown that one of the basic aluminum melt saturation hydrogen source is its interaction with moisture of air in open metal modulations during its movement from the electrolyzer molds. According to a survey of proposed technical solutions to reduce the hydrogen concentration in the melt during further investigation

Эффективность применения левилимаба у пациентов со среднетяжелым и тяжелым течением COVID-19

Objective: evaluation of the clinical and economic efficiency of using Levilimab in the treatment of moderate and severe COVID-19 based on real world data (RWD).Material and methods. A single-center observational retrospective case-control study was performed. According to the matching algorithm, 834 pairs of patients with moderate and 347 pairs with severe infection were selected, similar in gender, age, vaccination status, severity of the disease and the level of C-reactive protein.Results. The clinical efficiency of Levilimab with respect to in-hospital mortality was demonstrated both for the moderate course (6% in the Levilimab group and 10% in the standard therapy group; odds ratio (OR) 1.71; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19–2.47; p<0.01) and for the severe course of COVID-19 (63% and 82%, respectively; OR 2.70; 95% CI 1.90–3.82; p<0.01). The costs per 1 treated patient were also higher in the Levilimab therapy groups: the difference in costs compared to the standard therapy group for patients with moderate disease was 54 665.30 rubles, with severe disease – 91 285.85 rubles. The estimated cost of the additional effectiveness of Levilimab for the moderate course of the disease was 13,666.32 rubles, for the severe course – 4,804.51 rubles.Conclusion. The use of Levilimab for the treatment of moderate and severe COVID-19 is feasible both from a clinical and economic points of view. Conducting RWD trials is an important tool to understand the effectiveness of medical technologies in real clinical practice.Цель: оценка клинической эффективности и экономической целесообразности применения левилимаба в лечении пациентов со среднетяжелым и тяжелым течением COVID-19 на основании данных реальной клинической практики (англ. real world data, RWD).Материал и методы. Проведено одноцентровое наблюдательное ретроспективное исследование «случай–контроль». Согласно алгоритму подбора пары подобрано 834 пары пациентов со среднетяжелым и 347 пар с тяжелым течением заболевания, сходных по полу, возрасту, статусу вакцинации, тяжести течения заболевания и уровню С-реактивного белка.Результаты. Продемонстрирована клиническая эффективность левилимаба в отношении внутригоспитальной летальности как при среднетяжелом течении COVID-19 (6% в группе левилимаба и 10% в группе стандартной терапии; отношение шансов (ОШ) 1,71; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 1,19–2,47; р<0,01), так и при тяжелом течении (63% и 82% соответственно; ОШ 2,70; 95% ДИ 1,90– 3,82; р<0,01). Затраты на 1 пролеченного пациента также были выше в группах терапии левилимабом: разница в затратах по сравнению с группой стандартной терапии для пациентов со среднетяжелым течением заболевания составила 54 665,30 руб., с тяжелым течением – 91 285,85 руб. Расчетные показатели стоимости дополнительной эффективности левилимаба при среднетяжелом течении заболевания составили 13 666,32 руб., при тяжелом течении – 4804,51 руб.Заключение. Применение левилимаба при среднетяжелом и тяжелом течении COVID-19 оправданно как с клинической, так и с экономической точек зрения. Проведение исследований RWD – важный инструмент в понимании эффективности медицинских технологий в условиях реальной клинической практики.

SKA Science Data Challenge 2: analysis and results

The Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) will explore the radio sky to new depths in order to conduct transformational science. SKAO data products made available to astronomers will be correspondingly large and complex, requiring the application of advanced analysis techniques to extract key science findings. To this end, SKAO is conducting a series of Science Data Challenges, each designed to familiarise the scientific community with SKAO data and to drive the development of new analysis techniques. We present the results from Science Data Challenge 2 (SDC2), which invited participants to find and characterise 233245 neutral hydrogen (Hi) sources in a simulated data product representing a 2000~h SKA MID spectral line observation from redshifts 0.25 to 0.5. Through the generous support of eight international supercomputing facilities, participants were able to undertake the Challenge using dedicated computational resources. Alongside the main challenge, `reproducibility awards' were made in recognition of those pipelines which demonstrated Open Science best practice. The Challenge saw over 100 participants develop a range of new and existing techniques, with results that highlight the strengths of multidisciplinary and collaborative effort. The winning strategy -- which combined predictions from two independent machine learning techniques to yield a 20 percent improvement in overall performance -- underscores one of the main Challenge outcomes: that of method complementarity. It is likely that the combination of methods in a so-called ensemble approach will be key to exploiting very large astronomical datasets.Comment: Under review by MNRAS; 28 pages, 16 figure

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)