Pendidikan Moral melalui Pembelajaran Kitab Alfiyah ibn Malik di Pondok Pesantren Langitan Tuban

Kitab Alfiyah of Muhammad bin Abdillah bin Malik al-Andalusi or known as Ibnu Malik is famous for resource of Arabic grammar. It is uncommon to find discourse of the kitab apart from the Arabic grammar. It is the fact that moral values are the other side of its contents, implicitly live in the stanzas. Philosophical worldview makes possible to uncover the moral values, then to interpret it, and to internalize it throung learning activities. This article describes the moral contents, internalization methods, and reflection of the internalization towards santri in Pondok Pesantren Langitan Tuban.  With naturalistic paradigm, data were collected through interview, observation, and documentation. Findings shows that moral internalization in the kitab Alfiyah Ibn Malik learning activities was going through modelling, rewards, punishment, building habits, and indoctrination. In addition, author finds 31 moral values within stanzas in the kitab and 12 reflective behaviors by santri.Kitab Alfiyah karya Muhammad bin Abdillah bin Malik al-Andalusi atau yang lebih populer dengan nama Ibnu Malik sangat dikenal sebagai sumber ilmu tata bahasa Arab. Tidak banyak yang mengurai dan meneliti kitab tersebut dalam sudut pandang lain. Padahal ada beberapa substansi yang terkandung di dalamnya, misalnya tentang moral yang tersisip diantara bait-bait isinya. Sudut pandang filosofis diperlukan untuk menyingkap substansi nilai-nilai moral sebelum menginterpretasikannya dan menginternalisasikannya dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kandungan nilai moral, metode internalisasinya, dan refleksi hasil internalisasi moral pada santri di Pondok Pesantren Langitan Tuban. Dengan paradigma naturalistik, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Temuan kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa internalisasi moral dalam pembelajaran kitab Alfiyah Ibn Malik disampaikan melalui keteladanan, penghargaan, hukuman, pembiasaan, dan indoktrinasi. Selain itu, peneliti menemukan 31 nilai-nilai moral dalam bait-bait kitab dan 12 perilaku reflektif yang ditunjukkan oleh santri

Molecular characterisation of protist parasites in human-habituated mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei), humans and livestock, from Bwindi impenetrable National Park, Uganda

Over 60 % of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, and there is growing evidence of the zooanthroponotic transmission of diseases from humans to livestock and wildlife species, with major implications for public health, economics, and conservation. Zooanthroponoses are of relevance to critically endangered species; amongst these is the mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) of Uganda. Here, we assess the occurrence of Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, Giardia, and Entamoeba infecting mountain gorillas in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (BINP), Uganda, using molecular methods. We also assess the occurrence of these parasites in humans and livestock species living in overlapping/adjacent geographical regions

Guiding principles for the development and application of solid-phase phosphorus adsorbents for freshwater ecosystems

While a diverse array of phosphorus (P)-adsorbent materials is currently available for application to freshwater aquatic systems, selection of the most appropriate P-adsorbents remains problematic. In particular, there has to be a close correspondence between attributes of the P-adsorbent, its field performance, and the management goals for treatment. These management goals may vary from a rapid reduction in dissolved P to address seasonal enrichments from internal loading, targeting external fluxes due to anthropogenic sources, or long term inactivation of internal P inventories contained within bottom sediments. It also remains a challenge to develop new methods and materials that are ecologically benign and cost-effective. We draw on evidence in the literature and the authors’ personal experiences in the field, to summarise the attributes of a range of P-adsorbent materials. We offer 'guiding principles' to support practical use of existing materials and outline key development needs for new materials

Design, synthesis and activity study of tyrosinase encapsulated silica aerogel (TESA) biosensor for phenol removal in aqueous solution

Tyrosinase encapsulated silica aerogel (TESA) was synthesized via an alcohol-free colloidal sol–gel route at room temperature and at neutral pH. Characterization on TESA indicated that 98% of enzyme was effectively loaded and located inside the aerogel network. TESA without solvent extraction showed higher tyrosinase activity than TESA extracted by amyl acetate/acetone (v/v:1/1). Stability of tyrosinase in TESA was enhanced towards extreme temperature, acidic and basic conditions. Optimization study indicates that 500 U enzyme/g silica aerogel; aged for 2 days, showed superior performance in the oxidation of catechol. The activity of TESA was remarkably enhanced; which was active at a wider temperature (up to 80 °C) and pH range (4–9). In contrast, free tyrosinase was totally inactive at these pH values and temperature >55 °C. TESA successfully removed about 90% of phenol in aqueous solution after 3 h of contact time with excellent reusability