Improvement plan for unification of protocols into Agricultural Research Laboratories.

El termino protocolo se viene utilizando para designar al conjunto de acciones que deben realizarse ante situaciones determinadas con el fin de normalizar la actuación de las personas que las ejecutan. En términos generales, se utiliza en algunos casos como procedimiento y en otros, su uso no se limita para describir las acciones y recursos detallados cronológicamente, sino de manera más amplia, al conjunto de normas, procedimientos y registros que se deben llevar a cabo ante una situación prefijada de antemano. En todos los protocolos se incluye además, la descripción del personal necesario para desarrollarlo y la función específica dentro del mismo, estos deben ser revisados y actualizados permanentemente para que el sistema se mantenga y se mejore continuamente. Este trabajo se enfocó en la elaboración de un plan de mejoramiento para la unificación de los protocolos existentes en los laboratorios de investigación de una entidad pública agropecuaria, el impacto que ha logrado en la organización es una base para el control y mantenimiento de un modelo organizado para todo el personal que lo utiliza, al tener una fuente de referencia única y fiable para sus actuaciones. Es vital importancia hacer una continua evaluación de los indicadores y los planes de contingencia en caso del no cumplimiento de las metas propuestas.The term protocol has been used to refer to the set of actions to take in certain situations in order to standardize the conduct of the people that run them. In general, it is used in some cases and in other proceedings, its use is not limited to describe the actions and detailed chronologically but more broadly resources, set of rules, procedures and records that must be held before default situation beforehand. In all protocols is also included, the description of the personnel needed to develop and the specific role within it, they must be constantly reviewed and updated so that the system is maintained and continually improved. This work focused on the development of an improvement plan for the unification of existing protocols in the research laboratories of agricultural public entity, the impact it has made in the organization is a basis for monitoring and maintaining an organized model for all staff to use it, to have a single, reliable source of reference for their actions. It is vital to make a continuous assessment of the indicators and contingency plans in case of non-compliance with the goals

Status of neutrino oscillations 2018: first hint for normal mass ordering and improved CP sensitivity

We present a new global fit of neutrino oscillation parameters within the simplest three-neutrino picture, including new data which appeared since our previous analysis~\cite{Forero:2014bxa}. In this update we include new long-baseline neutrino data involving the antineutrino channel in T2K, as well as new data in the neutrino channel, data from NO$\nu$A, as well as new reactor data, such as the Daya Bay 1230 days electron antineutrino disappearance spectrum data and the 1500 live days prompt spectrum from RENO, as well as new Double Chooz data. We also include atmospheric neutrino data from the IceCube DeepCore and ANTARES neutrino telescopes and from Super-Kamiokande. Finally, we also update our solar oscillation analysis by including the 2055-day day/night spectrum from the fourth phase of the Super-Kamiokande experiment. With the new data we find a preference for the atmospheric angle in the upper octant for both neutrino mass orderings, with maximal mixing allowed at $\Delta\chi^2 = 1.6 \, (3.2)$ for normal (inverted) ordering. We also obtain a strong preference for values of the CP phase $\delta$ in the range $[\pi,2\pi]$, excluding values close to $\pi/2$ at more than 4$\sigma$. More remarkably, our global analysis shows for the first time hints in favour of the normal mass ordering over the inverted one at more than 3$\sigma$. We discuss in detail the origin of the mass ordering, CP violation and octant sensitivities, analyzing the interplay among the different neutrino data samples.Comment: Updated neutrino oscillation analysis using the most recent results from T2K, NO$\nu$A, RENO and Super-Kamiokande. 17 pages, 8 figures, 1 tabl

Evaluation of additional head of biceps brachii: a study with autopsy material

Additional head of the biceps brachii (AHBB) has been reported in different population groups with a frequency of 1–25%. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and morphologic expression of the AHBB as determined in a sample of the Colombian population. An exploration was conducted with 106 arms corresponding to unclaimed corpses autopsied at Institute of Legal and Forensic Medicine of Bucaramanga, Colombia. Using medial incision involvingskin, subcutaneous tissue, and brachial fascia, the heads of the biceps and their innervating branches were visualised. One AHBB was observed in 21 (19.8%) of the arms evaluated, with non-significant difference (p = 0.568) per side of presentation: 11 (52.4%) cases on the right side and 10 (47.6%) on the left side. All AHBBs were originated in the infero-medial segment of the humerus, with a mean thickness of 17.8 ± 6.8 mm. In 4 (19%) cases the fascicle was thin, less than 10 mm; in 7 (33.3%) cases it was of medium thickness, between 11 and 20 mm, whereas in 47.6% it was longer than 20 mm. The length of the AHBB was 118.3 ± 26.8 mm; its motor point supplied by the musculocutaneous nerve was located at 101.3 ± 20.9 mm of the bi-epicondylar line. The incidence of AHBB in this study is located at the upper segment of what has been reportedin the literature and could be a morphologic trait of the Colombian population; in agreement with prior studies, the origin was the infero-medial surface of the humerus

Ventajas y desventajas del an?lisis de un dise?o de medidas repetidas mediante an?lisis de varianza univariado, multivariado y modelos lineales mixtos

89 p. Recurso Electr?nicoLa presente tesis describe, sustenta y analiza las Medidas Repetidas aplicando an?lisis univariado, an?lisis multivariado y modelos lineales mixtos con el objetivo de ver las ventajas y desventajas de dichos enfoques. La metodolog?a de la investigaci?n utilizada para el desarrollo puede considerarse como exploratoria y descriptiva por cuanto en todo el proceso se indaga los individuos que hacen parte del estudio y sus mediciones a trav?s del tiempo y/o espacio. Para los diferentes an?lisis se us? un experimento realizado a 17 reses j?venes cuyo fin era medir el crecimiento de las estas al proporcionarles dos tipos de tratamientos distintos por 12 semanas tomados del libro de Biostatistics for animal science.(2004). Finalmente se mostr? que el mejor enfoque result? ser el de los modelos mixtos. Palabras claves: modelo Lineal general, Modelo Lineal mixto, medidas repetidasThe thesis describes, supports and analyzes Repeated Measures through Mixed Linear Models. This research can be considered as exploratory and descriptive because we investigate in the measurements through time and / or space. the individuals who are part of our study, under specific conditions to be able to apply the mixed linear model; An experiment was carried out on 17 young cattle, the purpose was to measure the cattle?s growth by providing two different treatments for 12 weeks taken from the book Biostatistics for animal science. Keywords: General Linear Model, Mixed Linear Model, repeated measures

Correlations of the elements of the neutrino mass matrix

Assuming Majorana nature of neutrinos, we re-investigate, in the light of the recent measurement of the reactor mixing angle, the allowed ranges for the absolute values of the elements of the neutrino mass matrix in the basis where the charged-lepton mass matrix is diagonal. Apart from the derivation of upper and lower bounds on the values of the matrix elements, we also study their correlations. Moreover, we analyse the sensitivity of bounds and correlations to the global fit results of the neutrino oscillation parameters which are available in the literature.Comment: 37 pages, 146 figures, minor corrections, 17 additional figures, version for publication in JHE

Condiciones de trabajo y morbilidad entre mineros del carbón en Guachetá, Cundinamarca: La mirada de los legos

Introduction: Investigations in Colombia about work and health conditions in coal mining are scarce and few have focused on the perception of the exposed population and their behaviors in response to inherent risks. Objective: To determine the association between work conditions and the perception of morbidity among coal miners in Guachetá, Cundinamarca. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 154 workers selected randomly from the total registered with the municipality. Information about social and demographic characteristics and work and health conditions in the mines was gathered. The prevalence was estimated for respiratory, musculoskeletal and auditory disorders. The associations between certain work conditions, and events with a prevalence over 30% were explored using bivariate and multivariate analyses with Poisson regressions with robust variance. Results: Workers were mostly men. Ages ranged from 18 to 77 years. Most frequently reported health problems were: back pain (46.1 %), pain in an upper limb (40.3%), pain in a lower limb (34.4 %), andrespiratory (17.5 %) and auditory problems (13.6 %). Significant differences in perception were found depending on time on the job and underground or ground work conditions. Conclusions: The most recognized risks were those associated with musculoskeletal disorders since they were closer in time to the work performed (time discount). Some actions to identify psychological traits are proposed in order to improve risk perception among coal miners

Thermoresponsive Ionic Liquid/Water Mixtures: From Nanostructuring to Phase Separation

The thermodynamics, structures, and applications of thermoresponsive systems, consisting primarily of water solutions of organic salts, are reviewed. The focus is on organic salts of low melting temperatures, belonging to the ionic liquid (IL) family. The thermo-responsiveness is represented by a temperature driven transition between a homogeneous liquid state and a biphasic state, comprising an IL-rich phase and a solvent-rich phase, divided by a relatively sharp interface. Demixing occurs either with decreasing temperatures, developing from an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), or, less often, with increasing temperatures, arising from a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). In the former case, the enthalpy and entropy of mixing are both positive, and enthalpy prevails at low T. In the latter case, the enthalpy and entropy of mixing are both negative, and entropy drives the demixing with increasing T. Experiments and computer simulations highlight the contiguity of these phase separations with the nanoscale inhomogeneity (nanostructuring), displayed by several ILs and IL solutions. Current applications in extraction, separation, and catalysis are briefly reviewed. Moreover, future applications in forward osmosis desalination, low-enthalpy thermal storage, and water harvesting from the atmosphere are discussed in more detail

Steady State Detection of Chemical Reaction Networks Using a Simplified Analytical Method

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) are susceptible to mathematical modelling. The dynamic behavior of CRNs can be investigated by solving the polynomial equations derived from its structure. However, simple CRN give rise to non-linear polynomials that are difficult to resolve. Here we propose a procedure to locate the steady states of CRNs from a formula derived through algebraic geometry methods. We have applied this procedure to define the steady states of a classic CRN that exhibits instability, and to a model of programmed cell death

Two-parameter neutrino mass matrices with two texture zeros

We reanalyse Majorana-neutrino mass matrices M_nu with two texture zeros, by searching for viable hybrid textures in which the non-zero matrix elements of M_nu have simple ratios. Referring to the classification scheme of Frampton, Glashow and Marfatia, we find that the mass matrix denoted by A1 allows the ratios (M_nu)_{mu mu} : (Mnu)_{tau tau} = 1:1 and (M_nu)_{e tau} : (Mnu)_{mu tau} = 1:2. There are analogous ratios for texture A2. With these two hybrid textures, one obtains, for instance, good agreement with the data if one computes the three mixing angles in terms of the experimentally determined mass-squared differences Delta m^2_21 and Delta m^2_31. We could not find viable hybrid textures based on mass matrices different from those of cases A1 and A2.Comment: 10 pages, no figures, minor changes, some references adde

Adapting the Hypersphere Loss Function from Anomaly Detection to Anomaly Segmentation

We propose an incremental improvement to Fully Convolutional Data Description (FCDD), an adaptation of the one-class classification approach from anomaly detection to image anomaly segmentation (a.k.a. anomaly localization). We analyze its original loss function and propose a substitute that better resembles its predecessor, the Hypersphere Classifier (HSC). Both are compared on the MVTec Anomaly Detection Dataset (MVTec-AD) -- training images are flawless objects/textures and the goal is to segment unseen defects -- showing that consistent improvement is achieved by better designing the pixel-wise supervision.Comment: Submitted to the 2023 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2023