Aplicación web para el cálculo de rutas multimodales mediante especificaciones GTFS

[Resumen]: El objetivo de este trabajo de fin de grado es desarrollar una aplicación que permita a los usuarios del transporte público calcular rutas sobre un mapa. También permite a los técnicos gestores localizar fácilmente áreas con mala accesibilidad para así poder mejorar la movilidad de una zona. Para alcanzar este objetivo en primer lugar se realizó un estudio sobre las especificaciones GTFS, que contienen datos sobre el transporte público de una zona. Como consecuencia se creó un modelo de datos con dichas especificaciones. Finalmente, se llevó a cabo el desarrollo de una aplicación que puede cargar las especificaciones en una base de datos y utilizarlas para crear nuevas funcionalidades. La aplicación está formada por un sistema gestor de bases de datos, un servidor con un servicio REST y un cliente web que utiliza el servicio para visualizar sus contenidos. El trabajo de fin de grado se gestionó siguiendo una metodología iterativa e incremental para el desarrollo de software, similar a Scrum, con prints de dos semanas.[Abstract]: The objective of this end-of-degree project is to develop an application that allows public transport users to plan routes on a map. It also allows technical managers easily locate poor accessibility areas so they can improve the mobility of an area. In order to achieve this goal first of all it was made a study about GTFS specifications, which contain data about the public transport of an area. As a result of this a data model was made with said specifications. Finally, development was carried out of an application that can load the specifications in a database and use them to create new functionalities. The application is formed by a database management system, a server with a REST service and a web client that uses the service to visualize content. The end-of-degree work was managed following an iterative and incremental methodology for software development, similar to Scrum, with two week sprints.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FIC). Enxeñaría Informática. Curso 2021/202

Local Anomalies, Local Equivariant Cohomology and the Variational Bicomplex

The locality conditions for the vanishing of local anomalies in field theory are shown to admit a geometrical interpretation in terms of local equivariant cohomology, thus providing a method to deal with the problem of locality in the geometrical approaches to the study of local anomalies based on the Atiyah-Singer index theorem. The local cohomology is shown to be related to the cohomology of jet bundles by means of the variational bicomplex theory. Using these results and the techniques for the computation of the cohomology of invariant variational bicomplexes in terms of relative Gel'fand-Fuks cohomology introduced in [6], we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the cancellation of local gravitational and mixed anomalies.Comment: 36 pages. The paper is divided in two part

The White asphyxia: myth and reality of 25 deaths from lightning

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Enhancement and Edge-Preserving Denoising: An OpenCL-Based Approach for Remote Sensing Imagery

Image enhancement and edge-preserving denoising are relevant steps before classification or other postprocessing techniques for remote sensing images. However, multisensor array systems are able to simultaneously capture several low-resolution images from the same area on different wavelengths, forming a high spatial/spectral resolution image and raising a series of new challenges. In this paper, an open computing language based parallel implementation approach is presented for near real-time enhancement based on Bayesian maximum entropy (BME), as well as an edge-preserving denoising algorithm for remote sensing imagery, which uses the local linear Stein’s unbiased risk estimate (LLSURE). BME was selected for its results on synthetic aperture radar image enhancement, whereas LLSURE has shown better noise removal properties than other commonly used methods. Within this context, image processing methods are algorithmically adapted via parallel computing techniques and efficiently implemented using CPUs and commodity graphics processing units (GPUs). Experimental results demonstrate the reduction of computational load of real-world image processing for near real-time GPU adapted implementation.ITESO, A.C

Dominio de habilidades del pensamiento computacional en los estudiantes del Instituto Tecnológico Superior Sucre de Quito - Ecuador

Computational thinking and its skills are of interest for the educational field, as well as for the professional field, since the problem-solving ability supported by computer science becomes a necessary element for people living in the actual society. The aim of the investigation was two situations: to diagnose the level of computational thinking development in the students of the Instituto Tecnológico Superior “Sucre”, as well as to establish connections between the selected skills, such as spatial orientation, decision making, employment loops and elaboration of functions or subroutines for problem solving. For this purpose, a validated instrument was applied; it consists of 32 problems to solve in a graphic environment formed as follows: 4 questions about directions, 8 about defined and indefinite loops, 12 about conditional ones, 8 about functions and subroutines. The most important conclusions establish students’ strengths in relation to the use of management algorithms and loop jobs, similarly, difficulties in the use of conditions and use of subroutines were found. Besides, it establishes that there is a relationship between the development they have in the decision-making ability and other skills such as the use of repetition loops or the elaboration of subroutines, which is expressed in the students' difficulty in making a reasoned and logical decision at the time of solve a problem.El pensamiento computacional y las habilidades relacionadas con él son de interés tanto para el campo educativo, así como para el campo profesional, pues la habilidad de resolución de problemas apoyada en la informática se convierte en un elemento necesario para las personas que viven en la sociedad actual. La investigación tuvo como propósito dos situaciones: diagnosticar el nivel de desarrollo del pensamiento computacional en los estudiantes del Instituto Tecnológico Superior “Sucre”, así como establecer las relaciones existentes entre las habilidades seleccionadas del mismo como son orientación espacial, toma de decisiones, empleo de bucles y elaboración de funciones o subrutinas para la resolución de problemas. Con esta finalidad se aplicó un instrumento validado que consta de 32 problemas para resolver en un ambiente gráfico conformadas de la siguiente manera: 4 preguntas acerca de direcciones, 8 sobre bucles definidos e indefinidos, 12 sobre toma de decisiones, 8 acerca de funciones y subrutinas. Las conclusiones más importantes establecen fortalezas de los estudiantes en relación con el empleo de algoritmos de dirección y empleos de bucles para la resolución de problemas algorítmicos, así como hallaron dificultades en el empleo de toma de decisiones y uso de subrutinas. Además, establece que existe relación entre el desarrollo que tengan en la habilidad toma decisiones y otras habilidades como empleo de bucles de repetición o elaboración de subrutinas, que se expresa en la dificultad de los estudiantes a tomar una decisión razonada y lógica al momento de resolver un problema

Impacto de un proyecto comunitario de estimulación temprana en el neurodesarrollo en niños de la habana vieja

Evaluar un Proyecto Comunitario de Estimulación Temprana; describir los factores de riesgo biopsicosociales asociados al neurodesarrollo; relacionar la evolución con factores de riesgo y conocer la evolución de los pacientes en el proyecto.  Se hace un estudio analítico (antes y después), cuyo universo estuvo constituido por 376 pacientes, con antecedentes de riesgo biosicosocial y/o con alguna manifestación de retardo del neurodesarrollo remitidos a consulta en el período comprendido entre 2000 y 2006, en el municipio Habana Vieja. Estos fueron evaluados por un equipo interdisciplinario, con un seguimiento trimestral a los que presentaron alteraciones del neurodesarrollo y aplicándoles estimulación semanal en el gimnasio. Se realizó cortes evaluativos a los niños de riesgo con examen clínico-neurológico y exámenes paraclínicos a  los niños de riesgo. Para evaluar la efectividad de la intervención, se aplicaron los instrumentos de evaluación al inicio (3 meses) y al final (4 años); y se analizó la significación de las diferencias de los saltos cualitativos negativos o positivos en la escala motora y mental.  Como resultado se tuvo que fue el insulto  perinatal “hipoxia” el factor de riesgo más representado (52.72%). Fue significativa la estimulación en hogar. La evolución favorable correspondió con el bajo peso mayor de 1 500gr, el mayor tiempo de permanencia en el programa (64.29%), los normopesos (61%) y la lactancia materna exclusiva. El mayor  tiempo de evolución se relacionó con la categoría de evolución  “favorable” (64.29%). La evolución fue favorable en 53 % y superada en 16%. El resultado del proyecto se evaluó como satisfactorio. Palabras clave:  Estimulación temprana comunitaria, neurodesarrollo, evolución,  insulto perinatal,  estimulación en el hogar

An Economic Analysis of the Environmental Impact of PM2.5 Exposure on Health Status in Three Northwestern Mexican Cities

Introduction: This study provides an economic assessment of the health effects due to exposure to particulate matter PM2.5 in three medium-size cities of northwestern Mexico: Los Mochis, Culiacan and Mazatlán. People in these cities are exposed to high pollutant concentrations that exceed limits suggested in domestic and international guidelines. PM2.5 is an air contaminant negatively associated with people’s health when is highly concentrated in the atmosphere; its diameter is below 2.5 µm and causes the air to appear hazy when levels are elevated. To account for the economic impact of air pollution, a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) was used by the means of the European Aphekom Project. We figured the cost-savings of complying with current environmental standards and computed gains in life expectancy, total avoidable premature mortality, preventable cardiovascular disease, and the economic costs of air pollution related to PM2.5. A formal analysis of air pollution epidemiology is not pursued in this paper. Results: The cost of reducing PM2.5 pollution associated with negative health outcomes was based on two different scenarios: Official Mexican Standard (NOM, Spanish acronym) and World Health Organization (WHO) environmental standards. The mean PM2.5 concentrations in 2017 were 22.8, 22.4 and 14.1 µg/m3 for Los Mochis, Mazatlán and Culiacan, respectively. Conclusions: The mean avoidable mortality for all causes associated to PM2.5 exposure in these cities was 638 for the NOM scenario (i.e., with a reduction to 12 µg/m3) compared to 739 for the WHO scenario (reduction to 10 µg/m3). Complying with the WHO guideline of 10 µg/m3 in annual PM2.5 mean would add up to 15 months of life expectancy at age 30, depending on the city. The mean economic cost per year of the PM2.5 effects on human life in these three cities was USD 600 million (NOM scenario) and USD 695 million (WHO scenario). Thus, effective public health and industrial policy interventions to improve air quality are socially advantageous and cost-saving to promote better health.S

Coastal flooding associated with hurricane Irma in Central Cuba (Ciego de Ávila Province)

Irma was a major hurricane that developed during the 2017 season. It was a category 5 on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane wind scale. This hurricane caused severe damage in the Caribbean area and the Florida Keys. The social, economic, and environmental impacts, mainly related to coastal flooding, were also significant in Cuba. The maximum limits of coastal flooding caused by this hurricane were determined in this research. Field trips and the use of the GPS supported our work, which focused on both the northern and southern coasts of the Ciego de Ávila province. This work has been critical for improving coastal flooding scenarios related to a strong hurricane, as it has been the first experience according to hurricane data since 1851. Results showed that the Punta Alegre and Júcaro towns were the most affected coastal towns. The locals had never seen similar flooding in these places before. The differences between flood areas associated with Hurricane Irma and previous modeled hazard scenarios were evident (the flooded areas associated with Hurricane Irma were smaller than those modeled for categories 1, 3, and 5 hurricanes). The effects of this hurricane on the most vulnerable coastal settlements, including the impacts on the archeological site “Los Buchillones”, were also assessed.Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. RYC2021-034044-

Soluciones conceptuales de un molino de cuchillas a partir de sus requerimientos funcionales

En este trabajo, se expone un modelo para la optimización de la síntesis guiada de soluciones conceptuales que permite caracterizar y representar la trazabilidad de los requerimientos funcionales en el diseño de un molino de cuchillas, desde su definición hasta la evaluación conceptual del producto, aportándole al diseñador una herramienta que le permite elegir la definición conceptual más conveniente. El modelo descrito hace uso del método Kano para lograr la estratificación y atribución de cualidades a los requerimientos funcionales. Se incorpora el método para la síntesis guiada de soluciones acumulativas, con el cual se captura y transforma la información de los requerimientos, permitiendo la síntesis y evaluación conceptual de 882 variantes de solución del molino diseñado.Postprint (published version