Un estudio descriptivo de la vivencia de la parentalidad en usuarias de Servicios Sociales

Este estudio se centra en describir la vivencia de la parentalidad en familias usuarias de servicios sociales. Concretamente, se analizan diferentes dimensiones como la percepción de control o eficacia y la satisfacción o el estrés parental. Además, se toman en consideración prácticas parentales como la responsividad y el control psicológico para su análisis. Se ha contado con una muestra de 109 madres de familias en riesgo con un expediente abierto en servicios sociales, y con la información facilitada por los profesionales que las apoyan. En esta muestra, con un perfil demográfico y económico caracterizado por la precariedad, se observó un alto nivel de estrés y sentido de eficacia, así como un locus de control parental externo y una moderada satisfacción como madre. Los análisis efectuados evidenciaron que un bajo estrés parental, un locus de control más interno, un alto sentido de eficacia y un sentimiento de satisfacción con el rol, se relacionaron con altas puntuaciones de responsividad. Por otro lado, un locus de control más externo y una baja satisfacción con el rol parental se asociaron con un alto control psicológico. Se discute la importancia de considerar estas variables como claves para trabajar con las familias.This study describes the experience of parenting in families assisted by child and family social service programs. Specifically different dimensions such as locus of control, parental efficacy and satisfaction or parenting stress were analyzed. In addition, parental practices such as responsiveness and psychological control are considered. A sample of 109 mothers of at-risk families and the professionals who support them were included. In this sample, with a demographic and economic profile characterized by precariousness, a high level of stress and sense of efficacy was observed, as well as an external locus of parental control and a moderate satisfaction as a mother. Relationships between parental dimensions and parental practices were observed. The analyzes showed that, in one hand, a lower parental stress, an internal parental locus of control, a higher sense of efficacy and parental satisfaction, were related to higher scores of responsiveness. On the other hand, an external locus of control and a lower parental satisfaction were associated with a higher psychological control. The importance of considering these variables as keys to work with families is discussed

Clima motivacional, competencia percibida, compromiso y ansiedad en Educación Física. Diferencias en función de la obligatoriedad de la enseñanza

This study describes relationships between perceived motivational climate, perceived competence, commitment and anxiety in a sample of physical education students; and analyses differences found according to the compulsory nature of education. 1587 students, aged 12-18 years (M =15.26; SD = 1.61) completed the Spanish versions of PMCSQ-2 (Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionaire-2) and AMPET (Achievement Motivation in Physical Education Test). Results showed differences depending on the compulsory nature of education in anxiety, in which compulsory education students got higher scores than non-compulsory ones. Correlation and regression analyses showed greater consistency in baccalaureate students than ones in compulsory secondary education. In both groups it was found that an ego involving climate was the best predictor of perceived competence and anxiety; while a task involving climate was the best predictor of commitment. Results suggest the compulsory nature of education could be a variable to take into consideration in the study of students' motivational profile

Un análisis tipológico del estrés parental en familias en riesgo psicosocial

Este estudio examina el grado y tipo de estrés parental y de estrategias de afrontamiento en una muestra de 109 madres en situación de riesgo con un expediente activo en los Servicios Sociales Comunitarios. Los análisis de conglomerados realizados mostraron tres perfiles diferenciados: Ajustado-Estratégico, Clínico-Evitativo y Extremo-Pasivo. Un análisis de regresión logística multinomial indicó que el sentimiento de competencia parental, el locus de control como progenitor y la cohesión familiar influían en la pertenencia de las madres a cada uno de los grupos. Se discuten las implicaciones prácticas de estos resultados de cara a la intervención con estas familias.The aim of this study was to explore the level and type of both parental stress and coping strategies in a sample of 109 mothers from at-risk families attended by Social Services. A cluster analysis revealed three groups: Adapted-Strategic, Clinical-Avoidant, and Extreme-Passive. A multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that parental sense of competence, parental locus of control and family cohesion influenced the probability of inclusion of the mothers in each group. Implications for intervention strategies are discussed

The role of parenting styles on behavior problem profiles of adolescents

Parental behavior is one of the most influential factors on the development of adolescent externalizing and internalizing behavior problems. These behavioral problems are closely related and often co-occur. The objectives of this work were: (i) to identify adolescents profiles according to their behavior problems; (ii) to explore individual, family, and social characteristics associated with these profiles; and (iii) to analyze the potential role of parenting styles in belonging to adolescents’ profiles. A total of 449 Spanish adolescents (223 from families declared at-risk and enrolled in Child Welfare Services and 226 from families from the general population) participated in this study. The analyses revealed three profiles of adolescents based on external and internal behavior problems (adjusted, external maladjustment, and internal maladjustment). Parenting styles explained the adolescents’ belonging to different profiles, in which the indulgent style was the most favorable in general terms. The distinctive role of parenting styles on two types of maladjustment profiles was confirmed. The relationship between parenting styles and adolescent adjustment is a key component that should be included in interventions according to adolescents’ behavior problem profiles. Furthermore, the results shed light on the need that family interventions are complemented with individualized interventions with adolescents that accumulate stressful life events.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad EDU2013-41441-

A goodness-of-fit test for the functional linear model with functional response

The Functional Linear Model with Functional Response (FLMFR) is one of the most fundamental models to assess the relation between two functional random variables. In this paper, we propose a novel goodness-of-fit test for the FLMFR against a general, unspecified, alternative. The test statistic is formulated in terms of a Cram\'er-von Mises norm over a doubly-projected empirical process which, using geometrical arguments, yields an easy-to-compute weighted quadratic norm. A resampling procedure calibrates the test through a wild bootstrap on the residuals and the use of convenient computational procedures. As a sideways contribution, and since the statistic requires a reliable estimator of the FLMFR, we discuss and compare several regularized estimators, providing a new one specifically convenient for our test. The finite sample behavior of the test is illustrated via a simulation study. Also, the new proposal is compared with previous significance tests. Two novel real datasets illustrate the application of the new test.Comment: 24 pages, 2 figures, 10 tables. Suplementary material: 2 pages, 1 figur

From the Visions of Saint Teresa of Jesus to the Voices of Schizophrenia

The life of Saint Teresa of Jesus, the most famous mystic of sixteenth-century Spain, was characterized by recurrent visions and states of ecstasy. In this paper, we examine social components related to Teresa’s personal crises and the historical conditions of her times, factors that must be taken into account to understand these unusual forms of experience and behavior. Many of these factors (e.g., increasing individualism and reflexivity) are precursors of the condition of modern times. Indeed, certain parallels can be observed between Saint Teresa and certain present-day psychopathological disorders. The analogy should not, however, be carried too far. Religion played a particularly crucial role in Teresa’s cultural context; as a result, it would be misleading to view her mystical experiences as resulting from a mental disorder

Pressure measurements of the detachment bubble on the Bolund Island

Pressure measurements on the surface of a 1:230 scale model of Bolund Island are presented. The model is smooth and no boundary layer generation has been considered since the experiment is designed as the simplest possible reference case. Measurement have been taken for a range of Reynolds numbers based on the average undisturbed wind speed U? and the maximum height of the island, h [1.7×104 , 8.5×104], and for a range of wind directions. Four minutes time series of pressure in more than 400 points have been acquired and analysed to obtain the spatial distribution of both the time average and the variance of the pressure signal. The horizontal extension of the detachment bubble for the different Reynolds numbers and wind directions is identified by isobars and curves of constant value of pressure variance. The applicability of this technique for evaluating the horizontal topology of high turbulence regions associated to detachment bubbles after escarpments in potential wind farm sites is analysed. The results obtained shows that the behaviour of the mean pressure coefficient, Cp, the std. pressure coefficient, C?p, and the skewness of the pressure, Sp can be used to study the bubble over the island to a certain extent. This experiment is part of the set of different analysis on the Bolund test case that is being undertaken within WAUDIT project by the different scientific groups