Regulación de los cuerpos sexuados en la promoción de decisiones reproductivas autónomas

Resumen En la provincia de Salta, Argentina, la norma jurídica que promueve la autonomía de las personas en la vida reproductiva es ejecutada principalmente por el personal de los Centros de Atención Primaria de la Salud desde una lógica biomédica y marcadamente individualista que convierte la decisión reproductiva en un imperativo ético de control del cuerpo. A partir de los datos producidos en el trabajo de campo que tuvo lugar en tres centros de salud ubicados en barrios periféricos de la ciudad de Salta, tomo en consideración en este artículo la construcción que se hace de la promoción de la autonomía en las decisiones reproductivas desde la perspectiva del personal de salud y cómo esta construcción se encuentra atravesada por un modelo asistencial, valores y relaciones de poder que se materializan en el trabajo cotidiano de la asistencia a la salud reproductiva. Palabras clave: decisiones reproductivas, control social, derechos sexuales y reproductivos, género. Abstract In the province of Salta, Argentina, the law promoting autonomy in people’s reproductive lives is applied mainly by primary health care professionals using a biomedical and highly individualistic logic that converts reproductive decisions into ethical imperatives to control the body. Based on data from fieldwork conducted in three health centers located in the suburbs of Salta, the provincial capital, this paper examines how the promotion of autonomy in reproductive decisions is constructed from the perspective of health care professionals and how this construction is affected by the model of care, values, and power relations that are embodied in the daily work of reproductive health care. Keywords: reproductive decisions, social control, sexual and reproductive rights, gender.Resumen En la provincia de Salta, Argentina, la norma jurídica que promueve la autonomía de las personas en la vida reproductiva es ejecutada principalmente por el personal de los Centros de Atención Primaria de la Salud desde una lógica biomédica y marcadamente individualista que convierte la decisión reproductiva en un imperativo ético de control del cuerpo. A partir de los datos producidos en el trabajo de campo que tuvo lugar en tres centros de salud ubicados en barrios periféricos de la ciudad de Salta, tomo en consideración en este artículo la construcción que se hace de la promoción de la autonomía en las decisiones reproductivas desde la perspectiva del personal de salud y cómo esta construcción se encuentra atravesada por un modelo asistencial, valores y relaciones de poder que se materializan en el trabajo cotidiano de la asistencia a la salud reproductiva. Palabras clave: decisiones reproductivas, control social, derechos sexuales y reproductivos, género. Abstract In the province of Salta, Argentina, the law promoting autonomy in people’s reproductive lives is applied mainly by primary health care professionals using a biomedical and highly individualistic logic that converts reproductive decisions into ethical imperatives to control the body. Based on data from fieldwork conducted in three health centers located in the suburbs of Salta, the provincial capital, this paper examines how the promotion of autonomy in reproductive decisions is constructed from the perspective of health care professionals and how this construction is affected by the model of care, values, and power relations that are embodied in the daily work of reproductive health care. Keywords: reproductive decisions, social control, sexual and reproductive rights, gender

The Museum of Pedagogy of Belgrade (Serbia) and the communication of educational heritage

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo ofrecer una aproximación al Museo de la Pedagogía de Belgrado (Serbia), y su nueva museografía inaugurada en el año 2007, que destaca por ofrecer un mensaje claro y divulgativo de la Historia de la Educación en Serbia desde sus orígenes hasta el siglo XX. Dicho museo fue visitado en agosto de 2015, compilando información documental y fotográfica para el presente trabajo. Comprendiendo el patrimonio educativo como protagonista del museo, iniciamos el discurso del artículo con el concepto de museografía didáctica, para tratar a continuación el origen e historia del Museo y sus colecciones con mención especial a los agentes involucrados en la gestión del museo. Finalmente, apoyándonos en la documentación fotográfica, tratamos el desarrollo museo-gráfico.This article aims to provide an approach to the Museum of Pedagogy in Belgrade (Serbia) and its exhibition display. Opened in 2007, the Museum can offer a clear and informative message of the History of Education in Serbia since its beginning to the Twentieth century. The museum was visited in August 2015 by the author of this paper, that collected the Catalogue and others, and tooked pictures about it in order to be able to write this paper. Understanding the Educational Heritage as the main subject of the Museum, we began the paper with the concept of didactical museography, to then treat the origin and the history of the museum and its collections with a mention of the Museum stakeholders.. Subsequently, following the pho-tographic documentation, we try the display development

Outliers and misleading leverage effect in asymmetric GARCH-type models

This paper illustrates how outliers can affect both the estimation and testing of leverage effect by focusing on the TGARCH model. Three estimation methods are compared through Monte Carlo experiments: Gaussian Quasi-Maximum Likelihood, Quasi-Maximum Likelihood based on the Student-t likelihood and Least Absolute Deviation method. The empirical behavior of the t-ratio and the Likelihood Ratio tests for the significance of the leverage parameter is also analyzed. Our results put forward the unreliability of Gaussian Quasi-Maximum Likelihood methods in the presence of outliers. In particular, we show that one isolated outlier could hide true leverage effect whereas two consecutive outliers bias the estimated leverage coefficient in a direction that crucially depends on the sign of the first outlier and could lead to wrongly reject the null of no leverage effect or to estimate asymmetries of the wrong sign. By contrast, we highlight the good performance of the robust estimators in the presence of one isolated outlier. However, when there are patches of outliers, our findings suggest that the sizes and powers of the tests as well as the estimated parameters based on robust methods may still be distorted in some cases. We illustrate these results with two series of daily returns.Generalitat Valenciana, Funder Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003359, Grant Number: AICO/2019/295. Consejería de Educación, Junta de Castilla y León, Funder Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008431, Grant Number: VA148G18. Spanish Government, Grant Number: ECO2017-87069-P and ECO2016-77900-P

Identification of asymmetric conditional heteroscedasticity in the presence of outliers

The identification of asymmetric conditional heteroscedasticity is often based on sample cross-correlations between past and squared observations. In this paper we analyse the effects of outliers on these cross-correlations and, consequently, on the identification of asymmetric volatilities. We show that, as expected, one isolated big outlier biases the sample cross-correlations towards zero and hence could hide true leverage effect. Unlike, the presence of two or more big consecutive outliers could lead to detecting spurious asymmetries or asymmetries of the wrong sign. We also address the problem of robust estimation of the cross-correlations by extending some popular robust estimators of pairwise correlations and autocorrelations. Their finite sample resistance against outliers is compared through Monte Carlo experiments. Situations with isolated and patchy outliers of different sizes are examined. It is shown that a modified Ramsay-weighted estimator of the cross-correlations outperforms other estimators in identifying asymmetric conditionally heteroscedastic models. Finally, the results are illustrated with an empirical application.Financial support from the Spanish Government under project ECO2014-58434-P by the first author and under project ECO2012-32401 by the second and third authors, is gratefully acknowledged. The first and second authors also acknowledge financial support from Generalitat Valenciana under project PROMETEO/2013/037 and from Comunidad de Castilla y León under project VA066U13, respectively

Evolucion paleoambiental desde el Holoceno temprano hasta la actualidad del marjal de Almenara (Mediterráneo occidental)

The main aim of this study is to characterize the different stages in the palaeoenvironmental evolution of the Almenara marsh, Spain, from the early Holocene to the present day. This marsh is one of the most important in Castellón province. Five cores extracted from the marsh underwent sedimentological analysis, micropalaeontological study (foraminifera, ostracods and gastropods) and 14C dating. The results show that before the maximum transgression of the Mediterranean during the Marine Isotope Stage 1 (5500 cal yr. BP dating in the Almenara marsh), the area was occupied by a brackish marsh (prior to the 8.2 ka event). During the middle Holocene, the regional sea level rise and later stability caused an oligohaline/freshwater marsh with fluctuating water levels to form. This marsh occupied the entire area of today’s Almenara marsh at least between 7570 and 2780 cal yr BP. The results may indicate a phase of greater contribution of groundwater inputs (and rainfall/riverine discharge) during the middle Holocene as a response to a climatic phase characterized by higher humidity. Today, the marsh is filled with sediments from natural and anthropic processes related to the agricultural activity carried out throughout the area (except for the central part, which has been reclaimed as wetland). The water of the present-day marsh (like that prior to 8.2 ka event) is brackish, as is indicated by the benthic foraminiferal assemblage; this contrasts with the earlier oligohaline/freshwater marsh determined in the survey cores during the middle Holocene until the time of the Iberian culture.El principal objetivo de este trabajo es la caracterización de los diferentes estadios en la evolución paleoambiental del marjal de Almenara (España) desde el Holoceno temprano hasta la actualidad. Este espacio húmedo es uno de los más importantes de la provincia de Castellón. Se han estudiado cinco testigos sedimentarios que han sido analizados desde el punto de vista sedimentológico, micropaleontológico (especialmente foraminíferos) y cronológico (14C). Los resultados muestran que antes del máximo de la transgresión en el Mediterráneo del Estadio Isotópico 1 (5500 cal yr. BP datado en el marjal de Almenara), el área estaba ocupada por una marjal salobre (antes del evento frío y seco del 8.2 ka). Tras la desecación de este ambiente (en el episodio 8.2 ka), durante el Holoceno medio, el incremento del nivel del mar y su posterior estabilidad determinó la instalación de un marjal oligohalino y/o dulceacuícola, en el cual se constatan fluctuaciones del nivel del agua. Este ambiente ocupó el área de estudio al menos entre 7570 and 2780 cal yr BP. Los resultados indican una contribución más importante del acuífero (de la lluvia y de la escorrentía superficial) durante el Holoceno tardío, que contrarrestó el ascenso eustático, como respuesta a una fase climática mucho más húmeda que la actual. Hoy, el marjal está colmatado por sedimentos procedentes de procesos naturales y antropogénicos, vinculados a las actividades agrícolas que se desarrollan desde hace siglos, excepto en la parte central que ha sido recuperada como zona húmeda. El marjal actual es salobre (igual que el registrado antes del episodio 8.2 ka), como corroboran las asociaciones de foraminíferos bentónicos, lo cual contrasta con las asociaciones fósiles que revelan un paleoambiente oligohalino y/o dulceacuícola durante el Holoceno medio hasta la época de la cultura ibérica

Isotope Labelling for Reaction Mechanism Analysis in DBD Plasma Processes

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasmas and plasma catalysis are becoming an alternative procedure to activate various gas phase reactions. A low-temperature and normal operating pressure are the main advantages of these processes, but a limited energy efficiency and little selectivity control hinder their practical implementation. In this work, we propose the use of isotope labelling to retrieve information about the intermediate reactions that may intervene during the DBD processes contributing to a decrease in their energy efficiency. The results are shown for the wet reforming reaction of methane, using D2O instead of H2O as reactant, and for the ammonia synthesis, using NH3/D2/N2 mixtures. In the two cases, it was found that a significant amount of outlet gas molecules, either reactants or products, have deuterium in their structure (e.g., HD for hydrogen, CDxHy for methane, or NDxHy for ammonia). From the analysis of the evolution of the labelled molecules as a function of power, useful information has been obtained about the exchange events of H by D atoms (or vice versa) between the plasma intermediate species. An evaluation of the number of these events revealed a significant progression with the plasma power, a tendency that is recognized to be detrimental for the energy efficiency of reactant to product transformation. The labelling technique is proposed as a useful approach for the analysis of plasma reaction mechanisms

Evaluation of cell culture in microfluidic chips for application in monoclonal antibody production

Microfluidic chips are useful devices for cell culture that allow cell growth under highly controlled conditions, as is required for production of therapeutic recombinant proteins. To understand the optimal conditions for growth of cells amenable of recombinant protein expression in these devices,we culturedHEK-293T cells under different microfluidic experimental conditions. The cells were cultured in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polydi-methylsiloxane (PDMS)microdevices, in the absence or presence of the cell adhesion agent poly-D-lysine. Different microchannel geometries and thicknesses, as well as the influence of the flow rate have also been tested, showing their great influence in cell adhesion and growth. Results show that the presence of poly-D-lysine improves the adhesion and viability of the cells in continuous or discontinuous flow. Moreover, the optimal adhesion of cells was observed in the corners of themicrochannels, as well as in wide channels possibly due to the decrease in the flow rate in these areas. These studies provide insight into the optimal architecture of microchannels for long-term culture of adherent cells in order to use microfluidics devices as bioreactors for monoclonal antibodies production.Fil: Peñaherrera Pazmiño, Ana Belén. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Payés, Cristian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Sierra Rodero, Marina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vega, M.. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; ArgentinaFil: Rosero, G.. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Lerner, Betiana. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Helguera, Gustavo Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, M. S.. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentin