Investigating the Effects of 12-Week Fun Athletics Program on Motor Skill Development of 10-14 Year old Children with Mild Intellectual Disability

This study aims to determine the effects of 12-week fun athletics program on motor development of 10-14 year old children with mild intellectual disability. The sampling of the study consists of 20 students with mild intellectual disability; 10 for the control group and 10 for the experimental group. These participants were divided into two groups by employing random sampling method. The mean for the ages of the participants in the control group was 10.90±2,28 while the same value was calculated as 11.80±1,47 for those in the experimental group. The fun athletics program was implemented in the experimental group two days a week for 12 weeks; however, the control group participants were not exposed to this program during that period. Motor skills of all the participants were measured by performing Performance Evaluation Tests (Agility, speed, strength, balance, speed tests) and using MEB Psychomotor Skills Evaluation Form as pre and posttests. The results of the study revealed an improvement in gross and fine motor skills of the participants in the experimental group (p<0.05) while no differences were found for the participants in the control group. The study also showed that Performance Evaluation Tests result significantly improved according to the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, 12-week fun athletics program was found to affect motor skills of students with mild intellectual disability positively

Acylated and Desacylated Ghrelin, Preptin, Leptin, and Nesfatin-1 Peptide Changes Related to the Body Mass Index

This study examines the levels of acylated and desacylated ghrelin, preptin, leptin, and nesfatin-1 peptide changes related to the body mass index (BMI). The subjects were allocated to 5 groups depending on their BMIs as follows: Group I (BMI 40 kg/m2). Serum acylated and desacylated ghrelin, preptin, and leptin levels were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nesfatin-1 was measured by the enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Desacylated ghrelin levels showed a gradual and statistically significant drop from Group I to Group V, while preptin and leptin levels exhibited a gradual and significant increase from Group I to Group IV. Serum nesfatin-1 levels gradually, but not significantly, increased from Group I to Group III and showed a significant decrease in Groups IV and V. In conclusion, leptin, preptin, and acylated ghrelin (AG) levels increased with higher BMI, whereas desacylated ghrelin (DAG) decreased and nesfatin-1 showed no clear relationship to BMI

Investigation of Obesity Awareness and Physical Activity Levels of Primary School Students (Van City Example)

The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between awareness of obesity status and physical activity levels of students attending the 2nd grade of primary education. A total of 558 students studying in Van city center, 285 boys and 273 girls, participated in this study in the survey model. The study data were gathered using the "Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQC)", the "Obesity Awareness Scale", and "Personal Information Form". In the analysis of the study data, SPSS statistical package software was used for descriptive statistics, and as the data had normal distribution, ANOVA, t-test, and Pearson Correlation tests were used.There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the students' income level, academic achievement, parent's occupation, parent's educationlevel, gender, age and physical activity levels. Physical activity levels in primary school students were found to have a positive and very significant relationship with obesity awareness (r=0.116, p=0.000). Furthermore, there was a positive and significant relationship between the PAQC score and the sub-dimensions of obesity (r=0.103, p=0.015), nutrition (r= 0.111, p=0.008), and physical activity (r = 0.095, p=0.024). As a result, students who consider their income level and academic success to be good are more likely physical activity levels. As the obesity awareness of the students increases, their physical activity levels increase. This article was presented as an oral presentation at The 10th International Conference in Physical Education, Sports and Physical Therapy - ICPEST - November 18 -20 2016

Dudak pozisyonlarının adolesan sınıf I bireylerde cinsiyete bağlı değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Yüz yumuşak doku ve dudak kalınlıkları, yaş, cinsiyet, ırk, büyüme ve gelişmeye bağlı olarak değişim göstermektedir. Bu konu adli antropologlar, diş hekimleri ve estetik cerrahlar açısından oldukça önemlidir. Yüz harmonisi ile uyumlu dolgun ve güzel dudaklar özellikle kadınların görselliklerinde en önemli estetik simge oluşturmaktadır. Gerçekten de yüze bakıldığında üst yarıda gözler, alt yarıda ise dudaklar odak noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada amacımız, Türk toplumunun bir bölümünde üst ve alt dudak pozisyonunu cinsiyete bağlı olarak değerlendirmek ve sonuçları diğer ırklara ait insanların yapısal özellikleri ile karşılaştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma Sınıf I maloklüzyon yapısında (ANB açısı 2º±2) 140 sağlıklı (68 kız ve 72 erkek)birey üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kızların yaş ortalaması 23.23±4.27 yıl, erkeklerin 24.35±3.45 idi. Lateral sefalometrik X-ray görüntülerde yumuşak doku üzerinde belirlenen üç farklı noktanın Ricketts'ın E doğrusuna olan uzaklıkları bilgisayar ortamında Image-J Software yöntemi kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Grupların dağılımları ve ölçüm sonucu karşılaştırması için farklı istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarak, p<0.05 önem düzeyi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Tüm sefalometrik görüntülerde Ls (Labium superius)-E, Sto (Stomion)-E ve Li (Labium inferius)-E mesafeleri ölçülmüştür. Kızlarda yapılan ölçümlerde; Ls-E, -3.21 mm ile -16.08 mm arasında, Sto-E; -10.71 mm ile -24.21 mm, Li-E; -2.88 mm ile -14.83 mm arasında değişim göstermekteydi. Erkeklerde ise; Ls-E, -4.84 mm ile -17.21 mm arasında, Sto-E; -13.21 mm ile -23.43 mm, Li-E; -3.21 mm ile -11.12 mm en büyük ve en küçük değerler olarak belirlenmiştir. Cinsiyetler arasında Li-E değerleri açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu (p=0.041) diğer ölçümler arasında ise, istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark olmadığı gözlenmiştir.Sonuç: Yüzün alt yarısında odak noktası olan dudak pozisyonun bilinmesinin; ortodontistlere tedavi sonunda hastaların yüz profilinin nasıl bir hal alabileceğinin değerlendirilmesinde, adli antropolojide yeniden yüzlendirme tekniğinde ve estetik cerrahisinde alt yüz uyumunun değerlendirmesinde yardımcı olacağını düşünmekteyizEvaluation of the lips' positions in adolescent class I individuals according to genderObjective: Facial soft tissues and lip thickness are influenced by age, gender, race, juvenescence and growth. This aspect is particularly of interest to forensic anthropologists, dentists, and cosmetic surgeons. Plump and beautiful lips that are in harmony with other facial features are the most important esthetic symbols in enhancing the visuality of a woman. Actually, eyes constitute the most important focal point in the upper half of the face, whereas lips are the focal point in the lower half of the face. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the position of the upper and lower lips of a group in Turkish society by gender and to compare the findings with those of people of other races.Materials and Methods: A total of 140 (68 women and 72 men) healthy individuals with Class I malocclusion (ANB angle 2°±2) participated in this study. The mean age of women and men was 23.2±4.2 years and 24.3±3.4 years, respectively. The distance between the three different points marked on soft tissue on lateral cephalometric radiograph images and the Ricketts' E line were measured using Image-J software. Different statistical methods were utilized for the comparison of the distribution of the groups and measurement results. An associated p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The distance of Ls (Labium superius)-E, Sto (Stomion)-E, and Li (Labium inferius)-E in women ranged between -3.21 mm and -16.08 mm, between 10.71 mm and -24.21 mm, and between -2.88 mm and -14.83 mm, respectively. The corresponding measurements in men were between -4.84 mm and -17.21 mm, between -13.21 mm and -23.43 mm, and between -3.21 mm and -11.12 mm, respectively. A statistically significant difference between men and women was observed only for the Li-E values (p=0.041).Conclusion: Knowing the position of the lips, which constitute the focal point of the lower half of the face, will help orthodontists to predict the facial profile of patients at the end of the treatment. It may also aid forensic anthropologists in facial reconstruction and help cosmetic surgeons in predicting the lower face harmony after esthetic surger

Upper and Lower Lip Soft Tissue Thicknesses Differ in Relation to Age and Sex

WOS: 000413228700009This study was performed to determine age- and sex-related differences in lip thickness. Lateral cephalometric images of 220 healthy individuals were taken and the thicknesses of the upper and lower lips were measured. The measurements were performed in three different age groups. Our results indicate that the lower lip thickness, as well as the distance between the most anterior point of contact between the upper and lower lips and the most protruding point of the upper incisor teeth, differed between the two sexes. The lips of males were thicker than those of females. Receiver operating curve analysis was performed to determine the cutoff values to differentiate thickness between males and females. Our results showed that knowledge of upper and lower lips thickness in relation to age and sex may be beneficial to forensic anthropologists, to plastic and reconstructive surgeons, and to orthodontists for more detailed examination, effective treatment, and optimised outcomes

Time-dependent changes in the serum levels of prolactin, nesfatin-1 and ghrelin as a marker of epileptic attacks young male patients

Catak, Zekiye/0000-0003-1973-3645; Koc, Guray/0000-0002-2477-5244; Bek, Semai/0000-0003-4913-976XWOS: 000292586200026PubMed: 21554911A relationship between hormones and seizures has been reported in animals and humans. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between serum levels of prolactin, nesfatin-1 and ghrelin measured different times after a seizure or non-epileptic event and compared with controls. The study included a total of 70 subjects, and of whom 18 patients had secondary generalized epilepsy (SGE), 16 patients had primary generalized epilepsy (PGE), 16 patients exhibited paroxysmal event (psychogenic) and 20 healthy males were control subjects. The first sample was taken within 5 min of a seizure, with further samples taken after 1, 24, and 48 h so long as the patient did not exhibit further clinically observable seizures; blood samples were taken once from control subjects. Prolactin was measured immediately using TOSOH Bioscience hormone assays. Nesfatin-1 and ghrelin peptides were measured using a commercial immunoassay kit. Patients suffering from focal epilepsy with secondary generalization and primary generalized epilepsy presented with significantly higher levels of serum prolactin and nesfatin-1 and lower ghrelin levels 5 min, 1 and 24 h after a seizure than patients presenting with paroxysmal events (psychogenic) and control subjects; the data were sirnilar but not statistically significant after 48 h. The present study suggests that increased serum prolactin and nesfatin-1 concentrations, decreased ghrelin concentrations could be used as markers to identify patients that have suffered a recent epileptic seizure or other paroxysmal event (psychogenic). (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Circulating adhesion molecules in sera of asthmatic children before and after steroid therapy

The aim of this study was to evaluate respiratory function tests, total eosinophil counts, serum immune globulin E (IgE), and serum concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)1, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM) 1, and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) levels in the children with mild and/or moderate asthma before and 3 months after inhaled steroids and to determine whether adhesion molecule levels showed any difference between asthmatic and healthy children and whether these levels changed with disease activity. A total of 28 children with bronchial asthma and 24 children as a control group wire included in the study. All of the patients in the study group were administered inhaled budesonide treatment. The patients were reevaluated 3 months later. Respiratory functions tests were performed and total eosinophil count and serum total IgE level were determined. Serum levels of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and sP-selectin were determined and skin-prick tests were performed. Significant difference paralleled to clinical improvement was found in the study group for respiratory function tests, total eosinophil count, scruin IgE level, and sICAM-1 levels determined before and after the treatment. However, no significant difference, was found for sP-selectin and sVCAM-1 levels before and after the treatment. The higher level of sICAM-1 before the treatment suggests that leukocyte-endothelial adhesion have a role in bronchial asthma, which is an inflammatory airway disease. Reduction in the level of sICAM-1 after the treatment may be related to the decreased inflammation in response to therapy. However, no strong relationships were found between the determinants representing the inflammation and respiratory function tests