Cloning, expression and characterization of L-arabinose isomerise from thermophilic Anoxybacillus kestanbolensis AC26Sari strain: Bioconversation of L-arabinose to L-ribulose

343-350L-Arabinose isomerase (L-AI) is a pivotal enzyme in the microbial pentose phosphate pathway. It is considered as a significant biological catalyst in rare sugar production. This enzyme can isomerize L-arabinose into L-ribulose and also D-galactose into D-tagatose. Here, we cloned the araA gene encoding L-arabinose isomerase from Anoxybacillus kestanbolensis AC26Sari strain, sequenced and over-expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3): pLysS. This gene is involved in L-arabinose operon in A. kestanbolensis AC26Sari. DNA sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1,506 bp, capable of encoding a polypeptide of 502 amino acid residues with calculated molecular weight of 55.6776 kDa. The recombinant was purified by heat treatment and Ni-HisTaq chromatography. The purified enzyme showed maximal activity at pH 8.5 and 65ºC and required divalent cations such as Co2+ and Mn2+ for its activity and thermostability. The apparent Km value of the enzyme for L-arabinose was 6.5 mM (Vmax, 140.1002 U/mg) as determined in the precence of both 1 mM Co2+ and Mn2+

A Rare Diagnosis in the Neck During Childhood: Congenital Chondrolipoma

Chondrolipomas are mesenchymal tumors that found as mature cartilage tissue in a fat tissue. A 2-year-old boy was seen with a complaint of a mass of the neck. On physical examination of the child, there was a one-centimeter mass above the sternocleidomastoid muscle on the lateral neck. Pathological examination of this mass after excision was reported as chondrolipoma. Chondrolipomas are seen mostly in the breast and in the adult. They are rare tumors of the head and neck area and seen mostly the in oral cavity here. This is the first case of chondrolipoma with this age and localization combination in the literature. Chondrolipoma should therefore also be considered in the differential diagnosis of congenital masses located at lateral cervical area

Removal of a Maxillary Third Molar Displaced into Pterygopalatine Fossa via Intraoral Approach

The removal of impacted maxillary third molars is one of the most common procedures performed in oral and maxillofacial surgery units with low rates of complications and morbidity. A few cases of accidental displacement of third molars into adjacent anatomical spaces, such as the infratemporal fossa, the pterygomandibular space, the maxillary sinus, buccal space, or the lateral pharyngeal space, during surgical interventions have been reported. In this paper, a case of a maxillary third molar accidentally displaced into the pterygopalatine fossa is presented, and the removal of the tooth via intraoral approach is described

Computed Tomography Based Evaluation of the Anterior Group of the Paranasal Sinuses

Objective: The study aims to ascertain the prevalence of paranasal sinus variations among healthy adults in the Turkish population, as well as to analyze the symmetry of these variations. Methods: The CTIs of 200 adult patients who did not have any trauma, carcinoma, tumor, surgery, or a condition that could affect the paranasal anatomy, such as chronic rhinosinusitis, were included. The prevalences of the Agger nasi cell (ANC), supraorbital ethmoid cell (SOEC), Haller’s cell (HC), middle turbinate pneumatization, and frontal sinus (FS) agenesis variations in the adult Turkish population were revealed. Results: Bilateral SOECs were found 38.5% of 200 patients, and at least 53% of patients had SOECs on one side. In 21.5% of instances, LCs were observed on both sides; in 35% of instances, they were observed on at least one side. ANCs were observed bilaterally in 68.5% of the total, the rate of patients with ANC on at least one side was 84.5%. The rate of bilaterality of the HC was 24%, it was observed at least one side in 43% of the cases. Bilateral concha bullosa (CB) were observed in 19% while CB variation on at least one side was 42%. Bilateral absence of the FS was found to be 8.5%, and unilateral absence was 2.5%. Conclusion: The most common paranasal sinus variation was ANC, while the least was FS agenesis. Bilateral inheritance was found to be most prevalent in SOEC. The findings of our study hold significance for interventional procedures involving the paranasal region. Keywords: Paranasal sinuses; Anatomic variations; Paranasal sinus diseases; Conchae nasales; Frontal sinuse

Cloning, expression and characterization of L-arabinose isomerisefrom thermophilic Anoxybacillus kestanbolensis AC26Sari strain:Bioconversation of L-arabinose to L-ribulose

L-Arabinose isomerase (L-AI) is a pivotal enzyme in the microbial pentose phosphate pathway. It is considered as asignificant biological catalyst in rare sugar production. This enzyme can isomerize L-arabinose into L-ribulose and alsoD-galactose into D-tagatose. Here, we cloned the araA gene encoding L-arabinose isomerase from Anoxybacilluskestanbolensis AC26Sari strain, sequenced and over-expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3): pLysS. This gene is involved inL-arabinose operon in A. kestanbolensis AC26Sari. DNA sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1,506 bp,capable of encoding a polypeptide of 502 amino acid residues with calculated molecular weight of 55.6776 kDa. Therecombinant was purified by heat treatment and Ni-HisTaq chromatography. The purified enzyme showed maximal activityat pH 8.5 and 65ºC and required divalent cations such as Co2+ and Mn2+ for its activity and thermostability. The apparent Kmvalue of the enzyme for L-arabinose was 6.5 mM (Vmax, 140.1002 U/mg) as determined in the precence of both 1 mM Co2+and Mn2+

Elevated Circulating Endocan Levels Are Associated with Increased Levels of Endothelial and Inflammation Factors in Postprandial Lipemia

Background: Postprandial lipemia (PPL) causes endothelial dysfunction by causing endothelial damage to lipoproteins that remain rich in triglycerides. Endocan is a proteoglycan with increased tissue expression, endothelial activation, and neovascularization. The aim of the study was to examine circulating endocan levels in PPL subjects by considering the degree of PPL response according to a high-fat test meal. The other aim was to determine the association between endocan levels and endothelial and inflammatory factors. Method: Fifty-four hyperlipidemic subjects and 28 normolipidemic subjects consumed the high-fat meal. Endocan, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and VEGFA as endothelial factors and IL-6 and LFA-1α as inflammatory factors were evaluated. Results: Fasting serum endocan, VEGFA, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 IL-6, and LFA-1α levels were increased in the PPL group compared to the control group. The PPL group was divided into tertiles based on mean AUC levels. Endocan levels in tertile 3 were at the highest and were increased significantly compared to tertiles 1 and 2. AUC and endocan levels were positively correlated with other endothelial and inflammation factors. ROC analysis showed endocan levels to be one of the highest values. Conclusions: Circulating endocan is seen at significantly higher levels and independently associated with endothelial and inflammatory factors in postprandial lipemia and dyslipidemia

Evaluation of the effect of dexamethasone in experimentally induced endolymphatic hydrops in guinea pigs

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the audiological and histopathologic effects of dexamethasone in the treatment of experimentally induced endolymphatic hydrops

Prespecialist perceptions of three-dimensional heart models in anatomical education

Purpose: This article aims to discuss the use of three-dimensional (3D) printed models of vascular variation cases as an educational tool for undergraduate and postgraduate anatomy students. Methods: This advanced study involved ten anatomy assistants who were provided with five distinct cases of congenital cardiovascular variations, each accompanied by a computed tomography angiography (CT-A) and 1:1 solid model format. The residents were asked to generate perceptions for both formats and then compare these perceptions based on identifying the variation, defining the structural features, and evaluating relevant educational perspectives. Results: The vascular origin measurement values compared to the statistically evaluated real values of the related cases showed that models were 1:1 identical copies. Qualitative assessment feedback from five stations supported the usefulness of 3D models as educational tools for organ anatomy, simulation of variational structures, and overall medical education and anatomy training. Models showcasing different anatomical variations such as aortic arch with Type 2 pattern, a right-sided aortic arch with Type 2 pattern, an aberrant right subclavian artery, arteria lusoria in thorax, and a left coronary artery originating from pulmonary trunk in an Alcapa type pattern allow for better analysis due to their complex anatomies, thus optimizing the study of variation-specific anatomy. The perception level in the 3D model contained higher points in all of the nine parameters, namely identification of cardiovascular variations, defining the vessel with anomaly, aortic arch branch count and appearance order, feasibility of using it in peers and student education. 3D models received a score 9.1 points, while CT-A images were rated at 4.8 out of 10. Conclusion: 3D printed anatomical models of variational cardiovascular anatomy serve as essential components of anatomy training and postgraduate clinical perception by granting demonstrative feedback and a superior comprehension of the visuospatial relationship between the anatomical structures

Dosimetric Comparison of Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy in Craniospinal Radiotherapy of Childhood

OBJECTIV