Modern-day Slavery in Everywhere: Poland V Albania

This paper highlights the seriousness of modern-day slavery which is in everywhere. Special attention will be given to Poland and Albania, because these two countries have similar political past and economic conditions. Poland is a member of the EU and tries to regulate its law and policies in order to comply with the EU regulation on the one hand. On the other hand, it tries to improve its economic conditions and wealth distributions. Since the joining of the EU, millions of Poles have immigrated to other European countries and other part of the world in order to find a better live. Some these people journey might not be voluntary. Albania is not a member of the EU but is a candidate country of the EU. It is poor and more than 25% of population lives out of Albania. In other words, since 1990, millions of Albanian has immigrated into European countries and other part of world in order to find a better live. Some these people were forced by trafficker to get out of the country. The study will focus on ‘sexual exploitations’, child labor and ‘organ trafficking’ in these countries. After providing enough evidence about the seriousness of the problem, then the paper will examine existing prevention policies and legal frame work of these countries. Then the study will finish with conclusion

Effect of risperidone on auditory event-related potentials in patients with chronic schizophrenia

Objective: Cognitive deficits are major aspect and cause of disability in schizophrenia. Several neuropsychological studies have reported significant effects of atypical neuroleptics on cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Event-related potentials are objective assessments of human information processing, and provide a reliable method for evaluating the effects of psychotropic drugs. Methods: The study sample consisted of 7 subjects. They were outpatients at the Department of Psychiatry, ‹nönü University Hospital. The patients were diagnosed as having schizophrenia according to the DSM-IV on the basis of a structured psychiatric interview. The subjects were treated with risperidone. In order to examine the effects of risperidone on cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded before and after 6 weeks treatment ERPs were recorded using a standard oddball paradigm. The amplitudes and latencies of P300 component were measured in ERPs for target stimuli in the oddball task. Results: P300 latencies in Fz, Cz and Pz regions and amplitudes in Fz and Cz regions significantly decreased with risperidone treatment. Conclusion: These findings suggest that risperidone may speed up the information processing in schizophrenic patients

Self-inserted foreign body and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Evaluated by the Conners' Parent Rating Scales-Revised

WOS: 000328870800017PubMed: 24139587Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and self-inserted foreign bodies (SIFBs) in children by the Conners' Parent Rating Scales-Revised (CPRS-R). Methods: Forty-five children (31 males and 14 females) with self-inserted foreign body of ear/nose and 37 healthy children (22 males and 15 females) included into the study. They were all between 3 and 9 years old. The parents filled the socio-demographic information form including age, gender, demographic data, previous medical history of the child and features of the family; and completed the Conners' Parent Rating Scales-Revised (CPRS-R) questionnaire. Results: In the SIFB group (study), 55.6% of the children were not attending to the school, 31.1% of them were attending to the primary school and 13.3% of them were the pre-school student. These rates were 37.8%, 32.4% and 29.7%, respectively, in the control group. The all CPRS-R subscale values (CG/I, H, ADHD-I, CGI-DI, DSMIV SS-I, DSM-IV SS-HI and DSM-IV SS-T) were significantly higher in the study group than the control group. There was no significant correlation between gender of the children and CPRS-R subscales. Children with lower school success, and having previous psychiatric problems were related to higher CPRS-R values in all subscales. In older children, hyperactivity scores were lower; and in younger children and the children, not going to the school, hyperactivity scores were higher. CPRS-R scores decreased as the child grown. Conclusion: It was concluded that children with ADHD were more likely to have conditions that might damage himself/herself such as self-inserted foreign body or trauma than normal children. To avoid this condition, these families should closely observe the child; and the child should be provided to participate in activities such as group games and activities that contribute to the development of the child. Warning the children properly and close follow-up of the young children are required to prevent this unwanted condition. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Cell Master: A Versatile and User-Friendly Educational Software for Simulation of Neuronal Dynamics

Medical Technologies National Congress (TIPTEKNO) -- NOV 08-10, 2018 -- Magusa, CYPRUSWOS: 000467637600076In this study, A user-friendly, versatile and easily accessible educational software design was done by using NEURON hoc programming in order to investigate the dynamics, biophysical properties of nerve cells and their responses to various stimulation. With the help of interfaces which prepared for users to be assisted visually, it is aimed to be able to easily perform almost any application desired. This software allows users to perform their simulations without the need to write any code. Considering the features given in detail in the study, it has been suggested to use the software in neuroscience education.Biyomedikal Klinik Muhendisligi Dernegi, Izmir Katip Celebi Univ, Biyomedikal Muhendisligi Bolum

Estimating shear wave velocity using acceleration data in Antakya (Turkey)

This manuscript presents a site response analysis and an estimation of S-wave velocity that are dependent on acceleration data. First, existing data, such as density, seismic wave velocity, and soil cross-sections, are obtained from previous seismic microzonation studies and used to prepare input data for a suite of MATLAB routines, which are referred to as SUA software. Acceleration data are obtained from four free-field strong-motion stations of the SERAMAR project, which was conducted between 2006 and 2009 in conjunction with a Turkish-German joint research project, and inputted into the software as basic data. The results include a 1D velocity cross-section versus depth and an amplification model of the site. Three different depth levels can be determined for the ranges of 0-5 m, 5-15 m and 15-25 m. The seismic velocities vary between 380 and 470 m s-1 for the first 5 m; 320 and 480 m s-1 for 5-15 m; and 470 and 750 m s-1 for 15-25 m. These results are comparable with the amplification values from the microtremor data from previous studies. The 1D velocity models are appropriate for the soil conditions. Resumen Este trabajo presenta el análisis a una respuesta de sitio y una estimación de la velocidad de la onda de corte que son dependientes de la información de aceleración. Los datos adicionales como la densidad, la velocidad de onda sísmica y los cortes transversales de suelo, se obtuvieron de estudios previos de microzonificación sísmica y se utilizaron para preparar el registro de datos en una plataforma de rutinas MATLAB, que se refieren al software SUA. Los datos de información de la aceleración se tomaron de cuatro estaciones de monitoreo de movimientos fuertes a campo abierto del proyecto SERAMAR, que se realizó entre 2006 y 2009 en una investigación conjunta turco-alemana, y se ingresaron en el programa como la información básica. Los resultados incluyen una sección cruzada de velocidad 1D versus profundidad y el modelo amplificado del sitio. Se pudieron determinar tres niveles diferentes a partir de los rangos de 0-5 m, 5-15 m y 15-25 m. Las velocidades sísmicas pueden variar entre 380 y 470 m s-1 para los primeros 5 metros; 320 y 480 m s-1 para el rango 5-15 m, y 450 y 750 m s-1 para el rango 15-25 m. Estos resultados son comparables con los valores de amplificación del perfil Microtemor de estudios previos. Los modelos de velocidad 1D son apropiados para las condiciones del suelo

Comparative metal (Cu, Ni, Zn, total Cr, and Fe) removal from galvanic sludge by molasses hydrolysate

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical extraction efficiency of five metals (Cu, Ni, Zn, total Cr, and Fe) from galvanic sludge using molasses hydrolysate produced from molasses, a by-product of the sugar industry. The study was also aimed to compare the extraction efficiency of the molasses hydrolysate with those of nitric acid and EDTA

Inter and intra annual variation in body condition of the Black Sea anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus ponticus-Potential causes and consequences

Variations in the relative condition (Kn) of the Black Sea anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus ponticus) have been evaluated over eleven overwintering seasons (2005-2016). During the study period, a linear decrease was observed in the condition each year. Difference in condition from the onset to end of winter varied between 10% and 20%. Overall however, condition displayed an increasing trend within the time frame studied. Considering the worsening state of the stock during the same period, this increasing trend indicates that condition may be dependent on the fish density. The negative relationship observed between body condition of anchovies and the spawning stock biomass supports the same view and points out that particularly in winter when food supply is limited, interspecies competition could be a considerable factor determining condition. The strong correlation between condition and eddy kinetic energy underlines that velocity of water movement might be an effective factor conserving energy use and consequently supporting maintenance of body condition. Finally, the positive correlation observed between condition loss during winter and number of recruits the following year indicates that how fish overwinter plays an important role in recruitment success rates

Differences Between General Neurologists And Multiple Sclerosis Specialists In The Management Of Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A National Survey

Introduction: The management of multiple sclerosis (MS) has become more complicated after the introduction of new diagnostic and treatment options. Despite the abundance of guidelines, the experience of physicians still plays a major role in the management of patients. This study aimed to define differences in behavior patterns between general neurologists (GNs) and MS specialists (MSSs). Methods: We conducted a survey of 36 questions to 318 neurologists, including 33 MSSs. The survey covered topics including laboratory investigations, pregnancy, and treatment. Results: Our study found many differences between GNs and MSSs in terms of management, the most important being treatment initiation and switching. GNs had a tendency to initiate treatment later than MSSs however, they tended to switch treatment faster. Our study also showed that GNs ordered magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) more frequently than MSSs, even if patients were clinically stable. Moreover, although GNs more frequently relied on MRI, they did not consider brain atrophy as an important measure in the follow-up of their patients. Furthermore, GNs considered replacement therapy less often than MSSs, even in patients with vitamin D deficiency. Discussion: Our study revealed important discrepancies between the management patterns of GNs and MSSs in MS patients. These findings suggest the need for a national education program for GNs on MSSs.Wo

Differences Between General Neurologists and Multiple Sclerosis Specialists in the Management of Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A National Survey

Introduction: The management of multiple sclerosis (MS) has become more complicated after the introduction of new diagnostic and treatment options. Despite the abundance of guidelines, the experience of physicians still plays a major role in the management of patients. This study aimed to define differences in behavior patterns between general neurologists (GNs) and MS specialists (MSSs)