Recent Foraminifera From the Firth of Clyde

Seventy-four samples were collected from the central part of the Firth of Clyde; sixty-three of these were collected with a Van Veen Grab, the remainder with a 10 cm sq. tray from intertidal sand flats. The sediment was analysed and divided into seven categories using the Wentworth scales gravel, sandy gravel, gravelly sand, sand, muddy sand, sandy mud and mud. Sixty-five of the stations yielded Foraminifera, belonging to fifty species, of which thirteen were predominant, constituting 76% of the total population. Living individuals were rare except in the shallow water, but this may have reflected the method of sampling. The distribution of the dead specimens was examined by cluster analysis, using Jaccard's Coefficient. This indicated the presence of eight thanatotopes which were principally controlled by type of sediment and depth of water. Four thanatotopes are characteristic of shallow water; one of these is from intertidal sand flats, the second from sands and gravels of about 1 m depth of water, the third from sandy sediments of average depth 14 m (range 5 - 45 m), the fourth from muddy sands of 12 - 16 m depth. The remaining four thanatotopes were from deeper water, average depth 44m, with muddy sediments. Diversity is greatest in shallow water sands and gravelly sands (1 - 45 m), and the distribution of living species in the shallow water can be correlated with the shallow water thanatotopes. The dominant species of the areas is Egerella scabra. The species recorded are similar to those found in other places around the British Isles

Distribution and ecology of recent benthic Foraminifera from Tarut Bay, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia

Abstract available : p.iii-i

Designing a Program using Augmented Reality Technologies and some Interactive Educational Aids to Simplify Science of Remote sensing for Elementary School Students

The present research aims to develop innovative methods that simplify science. The author adopts the descriptive analytical approach by designing an electronic educational system that involve some electronic games that contribute to spreading awareness and culture of sensing and space in the Egyptian society. Teaching methods have been devised to motivate children and develop their skills, mix science with imagination and use interactive education based on Augmented Reality (AR) to search for minerals and rocks with satellite images. Thus, there is an interactive educational method based on augmented reality with cartoons and interaction to simplify sensor and space sciences. Augmented reality (AR) has gained increased recognition in various fields; learning via augmented reality technology will help learners comprehend learning content in a more creative frame of mind than ever before. It is substantial to understand the dynamics of augmented reality adoption to encourage students to employ this highly innovative and impactful type of technology in learning process

Early Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Low Ejection Fraction

Background: Patients with low ejection fraction (EF) are at a higher risk for postoperative complications and mortality. Our objective was to assess the effect of low EF (<40%) on early clinical outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and to determine the predictors of mortality. Methods: From June 2017 to February 2019, 170 consecutive patients underwent CABG. There were 120 patients with low EF (<40%; 37.49 ± 2.89%); 94 were men (78.3%), and the mean age was 55.83 ± 8.04 years. Fifty patients had normal EF (> 40; 57.90 ± 2.27 %), 41 were men (82.0%), and the mean age was 54.30 ± 7.01 years and used as a control group. Results: Overall 30-day mortality was 10/120 patients (8.3%). Factors associated with higher mortality were females ( 70.0% vs. 17.3%, P<0.001); older age (61.40 ± 7.01 vs. 55.32 ± 7.97 years, P=0.025); diabetes mellitus (100% vs. 51.8%; P=0.003); longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (148.70 ± 40.12 vs. 108.49 ± 36.89 min; P=0.012); longer cross clamp time (88.19 ± 31.94 vs.64.77 ± 22.67 min; P=0.049), longer total operative time (6.82 ± 1.03 vs 5.38 ± 0.95 hours; P=0.001); intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) insertion (90.0% vs. 10.9%; P<0.001); intra-operative complications (60% vs. 1.8%, P<0.001); ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation (30% and 50% vs. 4.5% and 5.5% respectively; P=0.002 for both); myocardial infarction (70% vs 11.8%, P<0.001), and lower postoperative ejection fraction (21.46 ± 1.93 vs 40.30 ± 8.19 %, P<0.001). In patients with low EF, postoperative NYHA and CCS angina class have improved compared to the preoperative levels (1.50 ± 0.61 vs. 3.31 ± 0.56; p< 0.001 and 1.38 ± 0.52 vs. 3.11 ± 0.55; p< 0.001 respectively) Conclusion: Patients with low EF have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality; however, the clinical and echocardiographic parameters improve over time. Therefore, CABG remains a viable option in selected patients with low EF. Factors affecting our 30-days mortality were related to the severity of the disease

An optimization solution by service science management and engineering (SSME) for using minibuses service as an alternative for private cars around Hentian Kajang in Malaysia

There are lots of problems in Hentian Kajang: traffic congestion, unnecessary loss of fuel and global warming are only but a few of these problems. This study is an attempt to understand people's behaviour and modal choice and try to influence them, and public transport. A survey was conducted to develop the choice among private cars, minibuses and trains users, and a total of n=250 questionnaires were distributed. Legit models were developed for the alternative modes of private cars to minibuses. This study found that the most important variables found likely to encourage the use of public transport reduced travel time and subsidized fares. The data were processed by SPSS software to determine which factors encourage and discourage the use of private, public and minibuses transportation. According to the sensitivity analysis, travel time is 0.48, travel cost reduction is 0.567, frequency is 1.888, and the regularity of schedules is a key factor for change of the use of a minibus when the public viewed them in isolation from other factors that limit this option. As expected, the commuter switches to minibuses

A compact 20-pass thin-disk multipass amplifier stable against thermal lensing effects and delivering 330 mJ pulses with M2<1.17\bf{M^2 < 1.17}

We report on an Yb:YAG thin-disk multipass amplifier delivering 50 ns long pulses at a central wavelength of 1030 nm with an energy of 330 mJ at a repetition rate of 100 Hz. The beam quality factor at the maximum energy was measured to be $\text{M}^2 = 1.17$. The small signal gain is 20, and the gain at 330 mJ was measured to be 6.9. The 20-pass amplifier is designed as a concatenation of stable resonator segments in which the beam is alternately Fourier transformed and relay-imaged back to the disk by a 4f-imaging optical scheme stage. The Fourier transform propagation makes the output beam robust against spherical phase front distortions, while the 4f-stage is used to compensate the thermal lens of the thin-disk and to reduce the footprint of the amplifier

Core Microbial Functional Activities in Ocean Environments Revealed by Global Metagenomic Profiling Analyses

Metagenomics-based functional profiling analysis is an effective means of gaining deeper insight into the composition of marine microbial populations and developing a better understanding of the interplay between the functional genome content of microbial communities and abiotic factors. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of 24 datasets covering surface and depth-related environments at 11 sites around the world's oceans. The complete datasets comprises approximately 12 million sequences, totaling 5,358 Mb. Based on profiling patterns of Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COGs) of proteins, a core set of reference photic and aphotic depth-related COGs, and a collection of COGs that are associated with extreme oxygen limitation were defined. Their inferred functions were utilized as indicators to characterize the distribution of light- and oxygen-related biological activities in marine environments. The results reveal that, while light level in the water column is a major determinant of phenotypic adaptation in marine microorganisms, oxygen concentration in the aphotic zone has a significant impact only in extremely hypoxic waters. Phylogenetic profiling of the reference photic/aphotic gene sets revealed a greater variety of source organisms in the aphotic zone, although the majority of individual photic and aphotic depth-related COGs are assigned to the same taxa across the different sites. This increase in phylogenetic and functional diversity of the core aphotic related COGs most probably reflects selection for the utilization of a broad range of alternate energy sources in the absence of light.This work was supported by King Abdullah University for Science and Technology Global Collaborative Partners (GCR) program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Laser excitation of the 1s-hyperfine transition in muonic hydrogen

The CREMA collaboration is pursuing a measurement of the ground-state hyperfine splitting (HFS) in muonic hydrogen ($\mu$p) with 1 ppm accuracy by means of pulsed laser spectroscopy to determine the two-photon-exchange contribution with $2\times10^{-4}$ relative accuracy. In the proposed experiment, the $\mu$p atom undergoes a laser excitation from the singlet hyperfine state to the triplet hyperfine state, {then} is quenched back to the singlet state by an inelastic collision with a H$_2$ molecule. The resulting increase of kinetic energy after the collisional deexcitation is used as a signature of a successful laser transition between hyperfine states. In this paper, we calculate the combined probability that a $\mu$p atom initially in the singlet hyperfine state undergoes a laser excitation to the triplet state followed by a collisional-induced deexcitation back to the singlet state. This combined probability has been computed using the optical Bloch equations including the inelastic and elastic collisions. Omitting the decoherence effects caused by {the laser bandwidth and }collisions would overestimate the transition probability by more than a factor of two in the experimental conditions. Moreover, we also account for Doppler effects and provide the matrix element, the saturation fluence, the elastic and inelastic collision rates for the singlet and triplet states, and the resonance linewidth. This calculation thus quantifies one of the key unknowns of the HFS experiment, leading to a precise definition of the requirements for the laser system and to an optimization of the hydrogen gas target where $\mu$p is formed and the laser spectroscopy will occur.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figure

Karadelik lazerinden sonik Hawking ışınımı

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Thesis (M.S.): Bilkent University, Department of Physics, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2018.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 50-55).The quantum thermal radiation from a black hole (BH) known as “Hawking Radiation” or “Black Hole Evaporation” results from studying quantum fields in the curved space-time of the horizon of a BH. Experimentally, the radiation is difficult if not impossible to be detected from a real black hole with a mass much higher than that of our sun, since the Radiation temperature is substantially below that of microwave background radiation. However, in 1981 Unruh showed an analogy between the propagation of sound waves in any convergent fluid flow and that of the quantum field in a gravitational field. He showed that if the background fluid is accelerated to higher than the speed of sound then it can develop a horizon (point of no return) for the sound waves. This is the so-called the sonic BH. This horizon will emit thermal radiation in terms of sound wave quanta (phonons) in an analogy to the thermal radiation of black holes (Analogue Hawking Radiation) (AHR). Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs) can be used as a background fluid developing a sonic horizon for the phonon modes propagating through its background due to the very low temperature of the BEC. Recently in 2014, Steinhauer has reported the observation of self-Amplifying Hawking radiation from the realization of an accelerated BEC. The experiment reported an exponentially growing signal of modes trapped between a BH and white hole (WH) horizon, where the white hole is the point where sound cannot enter. Experimental signatures of AHR are a growing oscillating perturbation of the condensate mean density and a characteristic pattern in density-density correlation functions. However, the former mentioned oscillations may result from the dynamical instabilities of the classical mean field density. In this work, we were able to reproduce the experimental results of density modulations in the mean field, and thus without AHR, using only the mean field Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) for the BEC. Furthermore, we include the quantum fluctuation to study the density-density correlation function that is in qualitative agreement with the experiment using the truncated Wigner approximation (TWA). Finally, we then calculate the One Body Density Matrix (OBDM) to distinguish condensed from non-condensed atoms using the Penrose Onsager criterion. We are able to contribute to a discussion in the literature regarding the quantum field or mean field origin of the mean density oscillations in the experiment.by Ahmed Refat Mohamed Mohamed Ouf.M.S