Paleomagnetism of Late Pleistocene Sediments, Puget Lowland, Washington

Establishment of late Pleistocene geomagnetic polarity events would provide useful time indices for regional and interregional stratigraphic correlations. Development of a geomagnetic polarity scale tied to radiocarbon dating for the Puget Lowland helps to elucidate the possible occurrence of world-wide (dipole) reversed events during the last 50,000 years. Stability and reliability tests indicate that late Pleistocene sediments exposed in the Puget Lowland record valid paleomagnetic directions. Puget Lowland geomagnetic polarity for the interval 11,000 years to 30,000 years BP was normal except for a short reversed period between 20,000 years and 15,000 years BP. In addition to sampling errors and magnetic remanence directional errors, variations in paleomagnetic directions over short time periods may be due to secular variation. The brief period of reversed polarity could have been due to the non-dipole field rather than the dipole field. Interregional comparison of available geomagnetic polarity results for the last 50,000 years does not establish the occurrence of a dipole reversed event. Recorded reversed paleomagnetic directions during the last 50,000 years may represent localized geomagnetic excursions. Resolution of the details of geomagnetic behavior could result in the development of regional geomagnetic time scales for the late Quaternary

Cognitive and Socio-Emotional Deficits in Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor-β Gene Knockout Mice

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potent mitogen. Extensive in vivo studies of PDGF and its receptor (PDGFR) genes have reported that PDGF plays an important role in embryogenesis and development of the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, PDGF and the β subunit of the PDGF receptor (PDGFR-β) have been reported to be associated with schizophrenia and autism. However, no study has reported on the effects of PDGF deletion on mice behavior. Here we generated novel mutant mice (PDGFR-β KO) in which PDGFR-β was conditionally deleted in CNS neurons using the Cre/loxP system. Mice without the Cre transgene but with floxed PDGFR-β were used as controls. Both groups of mice reached adulthood without any apparent anatomical defects. These mice were further examined by conducting several behavioral tests for spatial memory, social interaction, conditioning, prepulse inhibition, and forced swimming. The test results indicated that the PDGFR-β KO mice show deficits in all of these areas. Furthermore, an immunohistochemical study of the PDGFR-β KO mice brain indicated that the number of parvalbumin (calcium-binding protein)-positive (i.e., putatively γ-aminobutyric acid-ergic) neurons was low in the amygdala, hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex. Neurophysiological studies indicated that sensory-evoked gamma oscillation was low in the PDGFR-β KO mice, consistent with the observed reduction in the number of parvalbumin-positive neurons. These results suggest that PDGFR-β plays an important role in cognitive and socioemotional functions, and that deficits in this receptor may partly underlie the cognitive and socioemotional deficits observed in schizophrenic and autistic patients

Status of Geologic Mapping for Northern Idaho and Western Montana

2005 Annual Meeting Presentatio

Standardized Volume Rendering Protocols for Magnetic Resonance Imaging using Maximum-Likelihood Modeling

Volume rendering (VRT) has been used with great success in studies of patients using computed tomography (CT), much because of the possibility of standardizing the rendering protocols. When using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), this procedure is considerably more difficult, since the signal from a given tissue can vary dramatically, even for the same patient. This thesis work focuses on how to improve the presentation of MRI data by using VRT protocols including standardized transfer functions. The study is limited to exclusively examining data from patients with suspected renal artery stenosis. A total number of 11 patients are examined. A statistical approach is used to standardize the volume rendering protocols. The histogram of the image volume is modeled as the sum of two gamma distributions, corresponding to vessel and background voxels. Parameters describing the gamma distributions are estimated with a Maximum-likelihood technique, so that expectation (E1 and E2) and standard deviation of the two voxel distributions can be calculated from the histogram. These values are used to generate the transfer function. Different combinations of the values from the expectation and standard deviation were studied in a material of 11 MR angiography datasets, and the visual result was graded by a radiologist. By comparing the grades, it turned out that using only the expectation of the background distribution (E1) and vessel distribution (E2) gave the best result. The opacity is then defined with a value of 0 up to a signal threshold of E1, then increasing linearly up to 50 % at a second threshold E2, and after that a constant opacity of 50 %. The brightness curve follows the opacity curve to E2, after which it continues to increase linearly up to 100%. A graphical user interface was created to facilitate the user-control of the volumes and transfer functions. The result from the statistical calculations is displayed in the interface and is used to view and manipulate the transfer function directly in the volume histogram. A transfer function generated with the Maximum-likelihood VRT method (ML-VRT) gave a better visual result in 10 of the 11 cases than when using a transfer function not adapting to signal intensity variations

Deeply Weathered Rock and Ancient Soils in North Idaho - The ground between soil surveys and the geology of rocks

2005 Annual Meeting Presentatio

Mythbusting : Positiv redovisningsteorins förmåga att förklara aktivering av utvecklingsutgifter

Datum: 2020-06-03 Nivå: Magisteruppsats i företagsekonomi, 15 hp Institution: Akademin för Ekonomi, Samhälle och Teknik, EST Mälardalens högskola Författare: Jakob Hörling                     Filip Othberg                      940801                               960316 Handledare: Aija Voitkane Nyckelord:Positiv redovisningsteori, politisk påverkan, bonussystem, skuldsättningsgrad, FoU, aktivering av utvecklingsutgifter läkemedelsbranschen. Titel: Mythbusting: Positiv redovisningsteorins förmåga att förklara aktivering av utvecklingsutgifter Syfte:Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur aktivering av                                            utvecklingskostnader kan förklaras med hjälp av PAT. Metod: Studien antar en kvantitativ metod med hypotesprövning genom regressionsanalyser och Pearsons korrelationstest. Slutsats: Studiens resultat utifrån de statistiska modellerna finner endast svagt stöd för studiens tre hypoteser. Varken förklaringsgrader, signifikansnivåer eller andra statistiska mätetal var tillräckliga för att anse att någon av studiens hypoteser stämmer. En slutsats dras då sammantaget för samtliga hypoteser att aktivering av utvecklingsutgifter inte kan förklaras på noterade företag inom läkemedelsbranschen under perioden 2012–2018 genom PAT

“Body and soul are connected, they cannot be separated” : Physiotherapists experience of their work within the care of eating disorders A qualitative interview study

Introduktion: Ätstörning är ett samlingsnamn för flertalet psykiatriska diagnoser som är kopplade till mat, vikt och uppfattningen av sin kropp. Kvinnor är dem som drabbas främst, då de anses utgöra 90% av fallen. Behandlingen består av en teambaserad insats av b.la läkare, psykologer, dietister och fysioterapeuter. Fysioterapeutens roll och behandling utgår från att främja individens självkänsla, hantering av ångest och återskapa en normaliserad kroppsbild med hjälp av fysioterapeutiska behandlingsmetoder. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka fysioterapeutens upplevelse av sitt arbete inom ätstörningsvården, samt eventuella behov av framtida forskning. Metod: En kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervjustudie utformades för att besvara studiens syfte. Tre fysioterapeuter med minst ett år inom ätstörningsvården intervjuades. Författarna tolkade sedan materialet systematiskt utifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Utifrån analysen bildades två huvudkategorier: Upplevelser av frustration i arbetet som fysioterapeut, och Samspelet mellan kropp och själ, det fysioterapeutiska perspektivet som bestod av två stycken underkategorier: Fysisk aktivitet i rätt händer samt Balans mellan förbud och uppmuntran till fysisk träning. Ytterligare forskning gällande ätstörningens verkningsmekanismer och fysioterapeutiska behandlingsmetoder var något som önskades av deltagarna. Konklusion: Fysioterapeuterna upplevde frustration i sitt arbete inom ätstörningsvården. De upplevde att fysioterapi kunde ha inverkan på patienter med ätstörning men önskade mer forskning, samt tydligare roll inom ätstörningsvården. Detta för att stärka professionen samt för att kunna erbjuda en så evidensbaserad och god vård som möjligt. Fysioterapeuterna ville belysa det fysioterapeutiska perspektivet och arbetssätt som de ansåg innefattade att återskapa en normaliserad kroppsbild genom individanpassad vård med fokus på samspelet mellan kropp och själ

Soil development on a Pleistocene terrace sequence, Boise Valley, Idaho

Study of a sequence of terraces in the western Snake River Plain of Idaho reveals a record of at least seven terraces, the ages of which span the Pleistocene. In the Boise Valley, the youngest terraces are less than apprx 14,500 yr and the oldest terraces are apprx 1.7 Ma. Within this sequence, several relationships exist between soil morphology and terrace chronology. On terraces older than apprx 14,500 yr, argillic horizon development generally increases with terrace age with maximum development occurring in soils of the oldest terraces. CaCO3- and SiO2-cemented duripans are found in soils on terraces that are late middle Pleistocene and older. By virtue of their physical and chemical properties, duripans are very resistant to erosion, and therefore provide stable records of CaCO3 and SiO2 accumulation throughout multiple cycles of loess deposition onto the terrace treads, pedogenesis, and partial erosion. Mean duripan thickness increases with age to a maximum of 0.66 m on the oldest terraces. Our results suggest that a geomorphic surface age of approximately 130,000 yr is required to form the initial plugged horizon that is characteristic of a duripan. CaCO3 and SiO2 accumulation is most rapid in duripans occupying geomorphic surfaces with ages ranging from 130,000 to 300,000 yr. After this, apparent accumulation rates decrease and little additional accumulation of these cementing agents occurs with tim