Inclusive Advertising through the Soundtrack: Insights from People with Visual Impairments

Today’s audiovisual advertising is heard more than seen, as many viewers feel overloaded with visual information or engage in multitasking while viewing. The fact that many viewers are not watching the screen is a problem that should concern the entire advertising industry. Are there technological solutions that enable us to hear what we do not see? Audio description (AD) is an established option in the field of visual impairment, but is it the only option to make advertising accessible to people who are not looking at the images? This study considers these questions, applying a methodology based on Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) and combining Grounded Theory and the focus group model as a data collection technique. Three focus groups ⎼two comprising people with a visual disability and the third made up of people without one explored the question of whether contemporary advertising has been drifting towards an exclusion of spectators with visual impairment. Participant responses were split between the view that commercials should incorporate AD but with clear improvements that take viewer opinion into account and the belief that advertising should return to its origins and make its soundtrack more explicit, perhaps rendering AD unnecessary

Banda sonora de la publicidad televisiva española: formas, géneros y estilos musicales.

La presente investigación es fruto de un anterior trabajo teórico presentado en esta misma revista en 2009, La música en la comunicación publicitaria. Ahora, el estudio avanza presentando los resultados de una investigación sobre 2.346 anuncios televisivos en distintas cadenas nacionales españolas en horario prime-time durante 2009. En España, 9 de cada 10 espots televisivos cuentan con algún tipo de componente musical en su formato final, resultado similar a estudios realizados en distintos países y en distintas épocas. Donde existen sensibles diferencias es en la forma musical utilizada para comunicar el producto así como en los estilos y géneros musicales en los que se basan dichas formas musicales y su relación con el tipo de producto y anunciante

La música en la comunicación publicitaria

La mayoría de anunciantes comunican sus marcas, valores e ideas en una apuesta por la música como componente más destacado de la banda sonora del anuncio. Para tratar la música publicitaria como actividad “objeto de estudio” se debe clasificar y ordenar las distintas formas musicales que utiliza el medio para comprender las razones que compositores, agencias y anunciantes imponen en sus decisiones y entender, así, el momento actual de la música publicitaria. España, como país con un gran desarrollo publicitario, es un referente óptimo para el análisi

A giant pericardial cyst in an unusual localization

Pericardial cysts are rareand benign lesions of the heart. They are usually asymptomatic and incidentally diagnosed on chest X-ray. Most are located at the right cardiophrenic angle. Life- -threatening complications may be infrequently encountered. We report the case of a 54 year- -old male with acute coronary syndrome and a pericardial cyst in an unusual localization

Punching Capacity of UHPC Post Tensioned Flat Slabs with and Without Shear Reinforcement: An Experimental Study

Punching capacity is one of the main items in the design of both pre-stressed and non-pre-stressed flat slabs. All international design codes include provisions to prevent this type of failure. Unfortunately, there is no code provision for UHPC yet, and hence, the aim of this research is to experimentally investigate the impact of column dimensions and punching reinforcement on the punching capacity of post-tensioned slabs and compare the results with the international design codes’ provisions to evaluate its validity. The test program included five slabs with a compressive strength of 120 MPa: one as a control sample, two to study the effect of column size, and the last two to study the effect of punching reinforcement. Comparing the results with the design codes showed that ACI-318 is more accurate with an average deviation of about 5%, while EC2 is more conservative with an average deviation of about 20%. Besides that, punching reinforcement reduces the size of the punching wedge by increasing the crack angle to 28° instead of 22° for slabs without punching reinforcement. Also, the results assure that both ductility and stiffness are enhanced with the increased column dimensions and punching reinforcement ratio. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-03-06 Full Text: PD

Microsecond time-resolved X-ray diffraction for the investigation of fatigue behavior during ultrasonic fatigue loading

International audienceA new method based on time-resolved X-ray diffraction is proposed in order to measure the elastic strain and stress during ultrasonic fatigue loading experiments. Pure Cu was chosen as an example material for the experiments using a 20 kHz ultrasonic fatigue machine mounted on the six-circle diffractometer available at the DiffAbs beamline on the SOLEIL synchrotron facility in France. A two-dimensional hybrid pixel X-ray detector (XPAD3.2) was triggered by the strain gage signal in a synchronous data acquisition scheme (pump–probe-like). The method enables studying loading cycles with a period of 50 µs, achieving a temporal resolution of 1 µs. This allows a precise reconstruction of the diffraction patterns during the loading cycles. From the diffraction patterns, the position of the peaks, their shifts and their respective broadening can be deduced. The diffraction peak shift allows the elastic lattice strain to be estimated with a resolution of ∼10−5. Stress is calculated by the self-consistent scale-transition model through which the elastic response of the material is estimated. The amplitudes of the cyclic stresses range from 40 to 120 MPa and vary linearly with respect to the displacement applied by the ultrasonic machine. Moreover, the experimental results highlight an increase of the diffraction peak broadening with the number of applied cycles

Distinct mechanisms regulate Cdx2 expression in the blastocyst and in trophoblast stem cells

The first intercellular differences during mammalian embryogenesis arise in the blastocyst, producing the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm. The trophectoderm is the first extraembryonic tissue and does not contribute to the embryo proper, its differentiation instead forming tissues that sustain embryonic development. Crucial roles in extraembryonic differentiation have been identified for certain transcription factors, but a comprehensive picture of the regulation of this early specification is still lacking. Here, we investigated whether the regulatory mechanisms involved in Cdx2 expression in the blastocyst are also utilized in the postimplantation embryo. We analyzed an enhancer that is regulated through Hippo and Notch in the blastocyst trophectoderm, unexpectedly finding that it is inactive in the extraembryonic structures at postimplantation stages. Further analysis identified other Cdx2 regulatory elements including a stem-cell specific regulatory sequence and an element that drives reporter expression in the trophectoderm, a subset of cells in the extraembryonic region of the postimplantation embryo and in trophoblast stem cells. The cross-comparison in this study of cis-regulatory elements employed in the blastocyst, stem cell populations and the postimplantation embryo provides new insights into early mammalian development and suggests a two-step mechanism in Cdx2 regulation.We thank Barbara Pernaute for comments and suggestions; members of the Manzanares lab for comments, technical help and support; Ian Chambers and Austin Smith for the ZHBTc4 ES cell line; Tristan Rodriguez for the B1-TS cell line; Luis Miguel Criado and the CNIC Transgenesis Unit for TS cell morulae injections and support; Roisin Doohan for help with sections; and Simon Bartlett (CNIC) for English editing. This study was funded by grants from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (grant BFU2011-23083 and BFU2014-54608-P to MM; FPU Doctoral Fellowship to TR; FPI-SO Doctoral Fellowship to SM; Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence award SEV-2015-0505 to CNIC), Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid (grant CELLDD-CM to MM), Canadian Institute of Health Research (JR), Imperial College (VA), and the MRC and Genesis Research Trust (AH). The CNIC is supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and the Pro-CNIC Foundation.S

Guía de la evaluación de las prácticas clínicas. Bloque II: Cuidados básicos de Enfermería. Cuidados en procesos osteoarticulares, procesos digestivos, renales y endocrinos. Cuidados en procesos cardiovasculares y respiratorios

Graduado en Enfermería. Segundo curs

Genetics and epigenetics of liver cancer

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major form of primary liver cancer in adults. Chronic infections with hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses and alcohol abuse are the major factors leading to HCC. This deadly cancer affects more than 500,000 people worldwide and it is quite resistant to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy. Genetic and epigenetic studies on HCC may help to understand better its mechanisms and provide new tools for early diagnosis and therapy. Recent literature on whole genome analysis of HCC indicated a high number of mutated genes in addition to well-known genes such as TP53, CTNNB1, AXIN1 and CDKN2A, but their frequencies are much lower. Apart from CTNNB1 mutations, most of the other mutations appear to result in loss-of-function. Thus, HCC-associated mutations cannot be easily targeted for therapy. Epigenetic aberrations that appear to occur quite frequently may serve as new targets. Global DNA hypomethylation, promoter methylation, aberrant expression of non-coding RNAs and dysregulated expression of other epigenetic regulatory genes such as EZH2 are the best-known epigenetic abnormalities. Future research in this direction may help to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC. © 2013 Elsevier B.V