Monitoreo de Condición en Motores de Combustión Interna Monocilíndricos con Base en Adquisición y Procesamiento de Señales Experimentales

In recent years, condition monitoring based on signal analysis has become a valuable tool for the diagnosis of internal combustion engines. In this paper the experimental design for the ICE monitoring condition, based on signal analysis, is presented. The experimental configuration was development for the analysis of signals from ICE in order to monitor their condition. The conduced case study consists on the monitoring condition of a single-cylinder engine, operating under regular conditions and different speeds. The instrumentation, the adquisition systems as well as the signals analysis are also presented. The adquired signals were: engine block vibration, in-cylinder pressure and crankshaft speed. The mentioned signals were analyzed and processed by FFT and Rigid Regression. It was possible to obtain the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal and reconstruct the in-cylinder pressure of the single-cylinder engine. The presented configuration can be taken as a basis for the evaluation of others engines and for improving the schemes of monitoring condition.Keywords: Internal combustion engines, condition monitoring, signal acquisition, signal processing

Organización de espigas usando agrupamiento fuzzy c-means

En la caracterización de zonas cerebrales es necesario el desarrollo de procedimientos que permitan separar los potenciales de acción o espigas cuando más de una neurona es grabada con un micro electrodo de registro. El método a utilizar permite la detección, además el agrupamiento fuzzy estimará el número exacto de grupos o neuronas adyacentes al micro electrodo de registro, también determinará las plantillas de las formas de espigas presentes de forma confiable

Organización de espigas usando agrupamiento fuzzy c-means

En la caracterización de zonas cerebrales es necesario el desarrollo de procedimientos que permitan separar los potenciales de acción o espigas cuando más de una neurona es grabada con un micro electrodo de registro. El método a utilizar permite la detección, además el agrupamiento fuzzy estimará el número exacto de grupos o neuronas adyacentes al micro electrodo de registro, también determinará las plantillas de las formas de espigas presentes de forma confiable

Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly albiglutide in type 2 diabetes are unknown. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of albiglutide in preventing cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Methods: We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 610 sites across 28 countries. We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years and older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at a 1:1 ratio) to groups that either received a subcutaneous injection of albiglutide (30–50 mg, based on glycaemic response and tolerability) or of a matched volume of placebo once a week, in addition to their standard care. Investigators used an interactive voice or web response system to obtain treatment assignment, and patients and all study investigators were masked to their treatment allocation. We hypothesised that albiglutide would be non-inferior to placebo for the primary outcome of the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. If non-inferiority was confirmed by an upper limit of the 95% CI for a hazard ratio of less than 1·30, closed testing for superiority was prespecified. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515. Findings: Patients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat population, were evaluated for a median duration of 1·6 years and were assessed for the primary outcome. The primary composite outcome occurred in 338 (7%) of 4731 patients at an incidence rate of 4·6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group and in 428 (9%) of 4732 patients at an incidence rate of 5·9 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·78, 95% CI 0·68–0·90), which indicated that albiglutide was superior to placebo (p<0·0001 for non-inferiority; p=0·0006 for superiority). The incidence of acute pancreatitis (ten patients in the albiglutide group and seven patients in the placebo group), pancreatic cancer (six patients in the albiglutide group and five patients in the placebo group), medullary thyroid carcinoma (zero patients in both groups), and other serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups. There were three (<1%) deaths in the placebo group that were assessed by investigators, who were masked to study drug assignment, to be treatment-related and two (<1%) deaths in the albiglutide group. Interpretation: In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, albiglutide was superior to placebo with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events. Evidence-based glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists should therefore be considered as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Funding: GlaxoSmithKline

MEDICIÓN DE POTENCIA ACTIVA EN CONDICIONES NO SINUSOIDALES UTILIZANDO LA TRANSFORMADA WAVELET

Se presenta el desarrollo de un algoritmo para la obtención de la potencia activa a partir de las muestras de tensión y corriente en sistemas bajo condiciones no sinusoidales utilizando las transformadas wavelet y wavelet packet, que tienen la ventaja de descomponer las señales en bandas uniformes de frecuencia obteniendo los valores RMS de cada una de las componentes armónicas asociándoles los coeficientes wavelet. Se presenta además la implementación del algoritmo mencionado incluyendo la adquisición de los datos y una interfaz gráfica de usuario en MATLAB

MEDICIÓN DE POTENCIA ACTIVA EN CONDICIONES NO SINUSOIDALES UTILIZANDO LA TRANSFORMADA WAVELET

Se presenta el desarrollo de un algoritmo para la obtención de la potencia activa a partir de las muestras de tensión y corriente en sistemas bajo condiciones no sinusoidales utilizando las transformadas wavelet y wavelet packet, que tienen la ventaja de descomponer las señales en bandas uniformes de frecuencia obteniendo los valores RMS de cada una de las componentes armónicas asociándoles los coeficientes wavelet. Se presenta además la implementación del algoritmo mencionado incluyendo la adquisición de los datos y una interfaz gráfica de usuario en MATLAB