Web-based HMI for renewable energies microgrid through Grafana environment

[EN] Smart Grids and Microgrids require continuous monitoring and visualization of the operational state of its generation and consumption equipment. The use of Internet of Things (IoT) technology for monitoring purposes can solve limitations of traditional solutions. This paper presents a web-based Human Machine Interface (HMI) developed in the IoT software Grafana to visualize in real-time the operation of a Smart Microgrid. Photovoltaic generation is combined with hydrogen production and consumption in the microgrid. The main magnitudes of the components are measured and graphically displayed through a user-friendly web interface. Experimental results are reported to prove the suitability of the developed HMI

PV panel monitoring system for cell temperature analysis and comparison by embedded models

[EN] In recent decades, the use of renewable energy sources and the development of related technologies have been boosted due to the energy and environmental paradigm, with photovoltaic (PV) panels being one of the most implemented and optimised to date. The behaviour of panel operation is dependent on multiple parameters such as irradiance, wind speed or operating temperature. This paper presents a monitoring system based on IoT software focused on the study of the cell temperature (CT) of PV panels, highlighting the importance of this variable in the current generation and the equipment overall performance. For this purpose, a dashboard is implemented in Grafana to visualise the evolution of the CT and the associated variables. The implemented dashboard includes embedded models for the simulation of CT, in order to compare real and simulation data. This comparison determines the most suitable model to the real dynamics and could facilitate the development of intelligent control strategies for the pane

Data aggregator implemented through industrial gateway IOT 2050 for smart microgrid

[EN] This paper describes the operation and implementation of a Data Aggregator based on an Industrial Gateway (DAIG) for the storage and transmission of information from an experimental Smart microgrid hybridised with green hydrogen. This DAIG consists of a Siemens IOT 2050, a commercial device that combines physical characteristics such as robustness and open-source software. To achieve this objective, each subsystem involved in the microgrid has a set of sensors and a Data Acquisition Device (DAD) to obtain the relevant logical magnitudes of its operation. The IOT 2050 serves as a centralised system, communicating via Modbus TCP/IP with each DAD and storing the data read in a local database by means of a Python script. Finally, as an example of the application of the designed infrastructure, an IoT software is implemented to visualise the data stored in the DAIG

Tuning the Endocytosis Mechanism of Zr-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks through Linker Functionalization

A critical bottleneck for the use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as drug delivery systems has been allowing them to reach their intracellular targets without being degraded in the acidic environment of the lysosomes. Cells take up particles by endocytosis through multiple biochemical pathways, and the fate of these particles depends on these routes of entry. Here, we show the effect of functional group incorporation into a series of Zr-based MOFs on their endocytosis mechanisms, allowing us to design an effi-cient drug delivery system. In particular, naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid and 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid ligands promote entry through the caveolin-pathway, allowing the particles to avoid lysosomal degradation and be delivered into the cytosol, en-hancing their therapeutic activity when loaded with drugs.C.A.O. thanks Becas Chile and the Cambridge Trust for funding. S.H. thanks the Cambridge Trust for funding. R.S.F. and D.F.-J. thank the Royal Society for the receipt of University Research Fellowships. D.F.-J. thanks financial support from ERC-2016-COG 726380. R.S.F., R.J.M., and I.A.L. thank the University of Glasgow and the EPSRC (EP/L004461/1) for funding. G.B., I.I., and D.M. acknowledge the financial support from 2014-SGR-80, MAT2015-65354-C2-1-R and EU FP7 ERC-Co 615954. ICN2 received support from the Spanish MINECO through the Severo Ochoa Centers of Excellence Program, under Grant No. SEV-2013-0295

On centralizer algebras for spin representations

We give a presentation of the centralizer algebras for tensor products of spinor representations of quantum groups via generators and relations. In the even-dimensional case, this can be described in terms of non-standard q-deformations of orthogonal Lie algebras; in the odd-dimensional case only a certain subalgebra will appear. In the classical case q = 1 the relations boil down to Lie algebra relations

Physics and chemistry of hydrogen in the vacancies of semiconductors

Hydrogen is well known to cause electrical passivation of lattice vacancies in semiconductors. This effect follows from the chemical passivation of the dangling bonds. Recently it was found that H in the carbon vacancy of SiC forms a three-center bond with two silicon neighbors in the vacancy, and gives rise to a new electrically active state. In this paper we examine hydrogen in the anion vacancies of BN, AlN, and GaN. We find that three-center bonding of H is quite common and follows clear trends in terms of the second-neighbor distance in the lattice, the typical (two-center) hydrogen-host-atom bond length, the electronegativity difference between host atoms and hydrogen, as well as the charge state of the vacancy. Three-center bonding limits the number of H atoms a nitrogen vacancy can capture to two, and prevents electric passivation in GaAs as well

Transport through a quantum wire with a side quantum-dot array

A noninteracting quantum-dot array side-coupled to a quantum wire is studied. Transport through the quantum wire is investigated by using a noninteracting Anderson tunneling Hamiltonian. The conductance at zero temperature develops an oscillating band with resonances and antiresonances due to constructive and destructive interference in the ballistic channel, respectively. Moreover, we have found an odd-even parity in the system, whose conductance vanishes for an odd number of quantum dots while becomes $2e^2/h$ for an even number. We established an explicit relation between this odd-even parity, and the positions of the resonances and antiresonances of the conductivity with the spectrum of the isolated QD arrayComment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PR

Elemental characterization of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 in the town of Genoa (Italy)

The particulate matter (PM) concentration and composition, the PM10, PM2.5, PM1 fractions, were studied in the urban area of Genoa, a coastal town in the northwest of Italy. Two instruments, the continuous monitor TEOM and the sequential sampler PARTISOL, were operated almost continuously on the same site from July 2001 to September 2004. Samples collected by PARTISOL were weighted to obtain PM concentration and then analysed by PIXE (particle induced X-ray emission) and by ED-XRF (energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence), obtaining concentrations for elements from Na to Pb. Some of the filters used in the TEOM microbalance were analysed by ED-XRF to calculate Pb concentration values averaged over 7\u201330 d periods

Optimal treatment allocations in space and time for on-line control of an emerging infectious disease

A key component in controlling the spread of an epidemic is deciding where, whenand to whom to apply an intervention.We develop a framework for using data to informthese decisionsin realtime.We formalize a treatment allocation strategy as a sequence of functions, oneper treatment period, that map up-to-date information on the spread of an infectious diseaseto a subset of locations where treatment should be allocated. An optimal allocation strategyoptimizes some cumulative outcome, e.g. the number of uninfected locations, the geographicfootprint of the disease or the cost of the epidemic. Estimation of an optimal allocation strategyfor an emerging infectious disease is challenging because spatial proximity induces interferencebetween locations, the number of possible allocations is exponential in the number oflocations, and because disease dynamics and intervention effectiveness are unknown at outbreak.We derive a Bayesian on-line estimator of the optimal allocation strategy that combinessimulation–optimization with Thompson sampling.The estimator proposed performs favourablyin simulation experiments. This work is motivated by and illustrated using data on the spread ofwhite nose syndrome, which is a highly fatal infectious disease devastating bat populations inNorth America

Neurovascular coupling: In vivo optical techniques for functional brain imaging

10.1186/1475-925X-12-38BioMedical Engineering Online121-BEOI