61 research outputs found
Vélelmek bizonyosságának növelése a büntetőeljárásban : útkeresés a Bayes módszerben rejlő lehetőségek használata felé az Alaptörvény XXVI. cikkére figyelemmel
The certainty increase of presumptions in the penal law is in the focus of the present study taking into consideration the new Hungarian Constitution. The state through the Constitution is encouraging the usage of science and technical developments to improve the efficiency of the state, with the intention to increase the level of public services and the transparency of public matters. The law of criminal procedure is naturally obliged to provide well based poof of evidences in spite of the uncertainty of facts and testimonies. The Bayes method is a possible tool to decrease the uncertainty even in the case of uncertain subjective facts. The properly used methodology should be a possible toolkit during the criminal procedure from the beginning of the investigation till the penal judgment. The starting point is the Bayes theorem and studying the different aspects of Bayes methodology. The real advantage shall be found in the synergy of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Bayes methodology especially in very complex cases, where the investigator is facing to the “needle in the haystack” situation or a quick action is substantial for required result. The recognition functions of AI and its support to decision making should save money and valuable time to the jurisdiction. The study projects the milestones of a possible development path
SzámĂtási modellek Ă©s diagnosztikai eljárások fejlesztĂ©se műemlĂ©k jellegű, falazott hĂdszerkezetek teherbĂrásának megállapĂtására Ă©s használhatĂłsági követelmĂ©nyeinek ellenĹ‘rzĂ©sĂ©re. = Development of mechanical models and diagnosis procedures for the assessment of the load carrying capacity and serviceability of historical masonry bridges.
A tĂ©gla Ă©s kĹ‘anyagĂş boltozott hidak igen jelentĹ‘s rĂ©szĂ©t kĂ©pezik a hĂdállománynak hazánkban Ă©s világszerte. A boltozatos hidak a hĂdállomány legrĂ©gebbi szerkezetei, terhelĂ©si körĂĽlmĂ©nyeik az Ă©pĂtĂ©sĂĽk Ăłta eltelt idĹ‘szakban drasztikus változásokon mentek keresztĂĽl. A megnövekedett igĂ©nybevĂ©telek Ă©s azok várhatĂł további növekedĂ©se számos aggályt vet fel a boltozatos hidak jövĹ‘jĂ©vel kapcsolatban: Mekkora a boltozott hidak biztonsága a mostani igĂ©nybevĂ©telekkel szemben? Ellenállnak-e majd a jövĹ‘beni igĂ©nybevĂ©teleknek? Mekkora a várhatĂł Ă©lettartamuk? Az elĹ‘bbi kĂ©rdĂ©sek megválaszolása Ă©s a problĂ©makör megoldása a hĂdgazdálkodás egyik legnagyobb gazdasági jelentĹ‘sĂ©ggel bĂrĂł feladata. RemĂ©nyeink szerint kutatásunk eredmĂ©nyei ehhez hasznos Ă©s a gyakorlatban alkalmazhatĂł segĂtsĂ©get nyĂşjt majd. A kutatás keretĂ©ben egy olyan eljárás kerĂĽlt kifejlesztĂ©sre tipikus kialakĂtásĂş boltozott hidak megbĂzhatĂłságának megállapĂtására, amely magában foglalja a teherbĂrás Ă©s a használhatĂłság Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©sĂ©t, valamint segĂtsĂ©get nyĂşjt a várhatĂł Ă©lettartam meghatározására. Az eljárás elemeinek kidolgozásához statisztikai elemzĂ©st hajtottunk vĂ©gre a hazai Ă©s az eurĂłpai boltozott vasĂşti hĂdállományon, numerikus vizsgálatokat hajtottunk vĂ©gre a hidak szerkezeti viselkedĂ©sĂ©nek elemzĂ©sĂ©re, Ăşj eljárásokat vezettĂĽnk le a hidak megbĂzhatĂłságának Ă©s használhatĂłságának Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©sĂ©re, valamint diagnosztikai eljárásokat fejlesztettĂĽnk ki a számĂtásokhoz szĂĽksĂ©ges bemenĹ‘ paramĂ©terek meghatározására. | Masonry arch bridges form an integral part of the railway infrastructure in Europe and throughout the world. They are the oldest structure type in the bridge population. Accordingly there is a potential doubt as to the adequacy of masonry bridges to withstand increased axle loads, train speeds and a greater volume of traffic in the future. What are their reliability against current loading effects? Can they resist foreseeable future loads? What are their remaining service life? Answering the above questions and solving the whole range of the problem is considered one of the most important tasks of bridge management. It is hoped that the results of our research will help solving this problem by providing effective practical tools. In the frame of the research a multi-level assessment procedure has been developed for typical masonry arch bridges. The procedure consists the assessment of load carrying capacity and serviceability and helps determine the expected service life. The elements of the procedure are based on the results obtained by the completion of the following tasks: - Statistical analysis on the Hungarian and European masonry arch bridge stock. - Numerical analyses on the structural behaviour. - Development of new approximation methods for the assessment of reliability and serviceability. - Development of non-destrcutive testing procedures for the determination of input parameters for the calculations
Az elektronikus adat mint a 7-5-1-es kriminalisztikai piramismodell Ă©pĂtĹ‘köve
The authors provide an overview of the role of digital data in the “7-5-1” forensic identification pyramid model.A szerzĹ‘k áttekintĂ©st mutatnak be a digitális adatok szerepĂ©rĹ‘l a „7-5-1” kriminalisztikai azonosĂtĂł piramis modellben
Effect of genotype and hens' starting body fat content on the changes in the body fat content of the hens and on the weight and composition of the eggs produced in the first egg laying period
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of genotype and hens’ starting body fat content on the
changes in the body fat content of the hens and on the weight and composition of the eggs produced in the
first egg laying period. The experiment was carried out with altogether 30 hens (15 TETRA SL brown egg
layers and 15 TETRA BLANCA white egg layers), which were chosen from altogether 45 TETRA SL and
45 TETRA BLANCA hens based on their CT (computer tomography) predicted body fat content at 20 weeks
of age (hens with the highest (n=5), hens with the lowest (n=5) and hens with average (n=5) body fat content
in both genotype). For the in vivo determination of changes in the body composition of these hens, computer
tomography (CT) measurements were carried out at every fourth week between the 20th and 72nd week of
age. During the CT measurements hens were fixed with belts in a special plexiglass container without using
any anaesthetics. The measurements covered the whole body of the hens using overlapping 10 mm slice
thickness on a Siemens Somatom Emotion 6 multislice CT scanner. After collecting, weighing and breaking
the eggs produced by the experimental birds on the days of the CT measurements their yolk ratio was
determined. Based on the results, it was established that the body fat content of the hens increased
continuously in both of the genotypes in the first phase of the experimental period, while it did not change
further in the second phase of the experiment. It was also observed at all examination days, that the body fat
content of the white egg layers was higher than that of the brown egg layers. Hens with the highest starting
body fat content had the highest body fat content in both genotypes during the whole egg laying period. The
egg production of the hens was not influenced by the body fat content of the birds, but it was affected by the
genotype. The TETRA SL hens produced significantly more eggs than the TETRA BLANCA hens. The hens
with average body fat content produced lighter eggs than the hens with low or high body fat content
A molekuláris onkogenezis mechanizmusai gyakori daganatokban = Mechanisms of molecular oncogenesis in common malignancies
Munkacsoportunk kĂ©t Ă©vtizede megkezdett kutatási programját folytatta, amelynek fĹ‘ cĂ©lkitűzĂ©se Ăşj molekuláris rákgenetikai ismeretek szerzĂ©se a rák iránti fokozott genetikai fogĂ©konyság molekuláris tĂ©nyezĹ‘inek megismerĂ©sĂ©re. Vizsgálataink a Magyarországon gyakori daganatos megbetegedĂ©sekre (emlĹ‘rák, vastagbĂ©lrák, ivarszervi daganatok), elsĹ‘sorban ezek familiáris formáira irányultak. Folytattuk, illetve megkezdtĂĽk a daganatszindrĂłmák hajlamosĂtĂł gĂ©njeinek elemzĂ©sĂ©t örökletes emlĹ‘- Ă©s petefĂ©szekrákokban (BRCA1/2, CHEK2), familiáris adenomatozus polyposisban (APC), Ă©s herediter, nem a polyposis talaján kialakulĂł vastagbĂ©lrák szindrĂłma (HNPCC) "mutátor gĂ©n"-jeiben (MSH2, MLH1). Az emlĹ‘rákos családokon, valamint kohorszokon nyert kutatási eredmĂ©nyek adatainak nemzetközi szintű összesĂtĂ©se, molekuláris epidemiolĂłgiai kiĂ©rtĂ©kelĂ©se rĂ©vĂ©n az örökletes daganatok kialakulására hajlamosĂtĂł mutáciĂłt hordozĂłk rákkockázatárĂłl, a prevenciĂłs tĂ©nyezĹ‘krĹ‘l Ă©s a betegsĂ©g genetika-klinikai-patholĂłgiai összefĂĽggĂ©seirĹ‘l szereztĂĽnk további Ăşj ismereteket. Nemzetközi egyĂĽttműködĂ©sben hozzájárultunk a csĂrasejtes hererákra hajlamosĂtĂł elsĹ‘ genetikai variánsok azonosĂtásához. Daganatos megbetegedĂ©sre hajlamosĂtĂł gĂ©nek (BRCA1, STK11) esetĂ©ben elemeztĂĽk az alternatĂv splicing szerepĂ©t a betegsĂ©g kialakulásában. Ăšjabban megkezdett gĂ©nexpressziĂłs profilvizsgálatok rĂ©vĂ©n bepillantást nyertĂĽnk a molekuláris genetikai Ăştvonalak Ă©s a metabolikus Ăştvonalak kölcsönhatásába. | We have extended our molecular cancer genetic studies that were initiated in Hungary two decades ago and were aimed at providing new knowledge on molecular cancer genetics, with a focus on genetic susceptibility to cancer. The studies were conducted on common malignancies in Hungary (breast, colorectal and genitourinary cancers). Extended analysis of the predisposing genes of cancer syndromes was initiated or continued for hereditary breast- and/or ovarian cancer (BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2), for familial adenomatous polyposis (APC), for Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (STK11), and for hereditary non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma, HNPCC ("mutator genes" such as MSH2, MLH1). Forwarding the result and data of our molecular genetic analysis on breast cancer families and cancer cohorts for international data integration and molecular epidemiological analysis resulted in generation of new knowledge on cancer risk for the carriers of deleterious germ-line mutations, and on genetic-clinical and pathological correlations in development of breast cancer. Participating in international studies we have contributed to identification of new genetic variants predisposing to germ cell testicular cancer. The role of alternative splicing in development of cancer was investigated in cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and STK11. By recent introduction of gene-expression profiling we have gained preliminary insight into the interaction of metabolic and molecular pathways
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