A Parametric Study and Economic Evaluation of Drilling Patterns in Deep, Thick CBM Reservoirs

Over the past decade, the production from unconventional reservoirs such as coalbed methane has increased dramatically. The focal driving force for this growth in coalbed methane production was the development and promulgation of reservoir engineering and completion technology.;There have been many studies performed on the well configuration and production optimization techniques in the coal seams. According to many of these studies horizontal, deviated and multi-lateral wells are of more benefits compared to the vertical wells. However, the targets of these studies have mostly been the thin coal seams while this result might not hold for the thick CBM reservoirs. The experience has proved that one thick coal is better than an equivalent thickness of multiple thin coals. Samples of the deep thickest accumulation of coal in the world can be found in some of the areas of the United States such as Uintah basin and Piceance basin in Colorado, Black Warrior basin in Alabama and Arkoma basin in Oklahoma and Alaska. The thickness of coal beds in these areas can reach up to 150 ft and they can be as deep as 9000 ft.;Although horizontal drilling will result in higher gas production and consequently more revenue, the drilling cost in these wells are significantly higher than the vertical wells. When the coal beds are thick enough that the contact of wellbore and formation is not a limiting issue, the practicality of drilling horizontally versus multiple vertical wells might be questioned.;In this work, the most appropriate drilling patterns in thick and deep CBM reservoirs have been identified. A sensitivity analysis has been performed with the intention of addressing the effect of different reservoir parameters and well configurations germane to methane production from CBM. These characteristics include fracture permeability, fracture porosity, gas content, and desorption time. The yardstick for comparing the economical practicality of different drilling configurations under diverse reservoir properties is the Net Present Value (NPV)

Attitude Of Malaysian On Recycling Of Municipal Solid Waste : Case Studies In The Major Towns Of The East Coast And North Malaysia [TD897.8.M2 A398 2008 f rb].

Pengurusan sisa pepejal di Malaysia menjadi satu tugas yang amat mencabar kebelakangan ini akibat pertambahan penduduk dan perindustrian serta peningkatan dalam kuantiti dan kepelbagaian jenis sisa. Solid waste management in Malaysia has become a challenging task in recent years due to population growth, industrialization and an increase in quantity and variation in the types of waste generated

Capital Adequacy and its Impact on Banking Liquidity Risk Applied Study in the Bank of the Islamic National and Commercial Iraqi for the Period (2012-2017)

     تهدف هذه الورقة الى تسليط الضوء على احدى المخاطر التي تعرض لها الجهاز المصرفية عامة والعراقي خاصة بنوعيه الإسلامي والتجاري والناتجة عن انخفاض السيولة المصرفية عن مستوياتها الامنة مما يعرض المصرف الى جملة من الاثار ولاسيما عند التعرض الى عمليات السحب المفاجئ من خلال قياس وتحليل مخاطر السيولة المصرفية وبيان اهم الوسائل المستخدمة لمعالجة هذه المخاطر ومنها نسبة كفاية راس المال طبقا لاتفاقية بازل 2 اذ تم اختيار مصرفين وهما: المصرف الوطني الإسلامي والمصرف التجاري العراقي وتم استعمال المؤشرات الخاصة بمخاطر السيولة المصرفية، اذ تكمن مشكلة البحث في بيان تأثير أداة نسبة كفاية راس المال بوصفها من أدوات التي تسهم في امتصاص المخاطر المصرفية واثارها في تخفيف مخاطر السيولة اذ جرى تحليل المؤشرات واختبارها بواسطة اختباري F,P-value وبيان الأثر من خلال معامل التحديد R2 باستعمال تحليل التباين ANOVA وتوصل البحث الى نتيجة مفادها ان هناك تأثيرا معنويا لنسبة كفاية راس المال على مخاطر السيولة المصرفية وللمصرفين كليهما وبدرجة متفاوتة والتي على أساسها تم قبول الفرضية البديلة، وكذلك توصلت الورقة الى توصيات أهمها ضرورة تحقيق توازن بين حجم الأرصدة المستغل في المجالات المصرفية المتنوعة وبين ما يحتفظ به مع مراعات ان لا تتجاوز نسب كفاية راس المال عن المعدلات المحددة من قبل البنك المركزي العراقي.The aim of this paper is to highlight one of the risks facing the banking system in general and the Iraqi in particular, both Islamic and commercial, resulting from the low liquidity of banks from their safe levels, which expose the bank to a number of effects, especially when exposed to sudden withdrawals through measuring and analyzing the banking liquidity risk of banking and the statement The most important means used to processing  these risks, including the adequacy of capital according to the Basel II Accord. Two banks, the National Islamic Bank and the Commercial Bank of Iraq, were selected and the indicators of liquidity risk were used. Statement of the Effect of the Capital Adequacy Tool as a Tool that Contributes to the Absorption of Banking Risks and their Effects in Mitigating Liquidity Risk The indicators were analyzed and tested by testing F, P-value and impact statement through the R2 parameter using the ANOVA analysis. There is a significant effect of the capital adequacy ratio on the liquidity risk of banks and both banks to varying degrees on the basis of which the alternative hypothesis was accepted. The paper also reached the recommendations of the most important of which is the need to achieve a balance between the size of the balances utilized in the various banking fields and what is maintained, Exceed the capital adequacy ratios for the specified rates by the Central Bank of Iraq. &nbsp

Using Genetic Algorithm to Break Knapsack Cipher with Sequence Size 16

With the growth of networked system and applications such as eCommerce, the demand for effective internetsecurity is increasing. Cryptology is the science and study of systems for secret communication. It consists of twocomplementary fields of study: cryptography and cryptanalysis.The genetic algorithm is one of the search methods, whichfinds the optimal solution. It is one of the methods, which is used to decrypt cipher.This work focuses on using GeneticAlgorithms to cryptanalyse knapsack cipher. The knapsack cipher is with a knapsack sequence of size 16 to encrypt twocharacters together. Different values of parameters have been used: Population size, mutation rate, number of generation

Knowledge Transfer Portal For Bachelor And Master Of IT Course Students

In spite of the fact that the field of applying knowledge research in education is fairly young it is already quite broad and fuzzy. The set of technologies used and developed there have roots in a variety of diverse areas of information and pedagogical sciences. To facilitate the process of scientific and scholastic search the domain needs to be structured. This paper presents an overview of a knowledge transfer portal for Education field and an initial report on the development of a web portal providing a single network place, where instructors, students, and practitioners can find information about available research projects and courses and successful practices in this field

50% failure rate in final year medical exams; Whose fault is it?

To The Editor: Having read Dr Benamer’s views on medical teaching, we remembered our days as medical students [1]. We share Dr Benamer’s and other’s views that teaching in Libyan medical schools should shift from being subject focused to being learning focused [1,2].We remember one incident when our professor showed us an ECG and asked about the diagnosis. He was so furious when none of us was able to make the diagnosis to the extent that he left the lecture room without completing the teaching session. This is just one example among many that illustrates the lack of teaching skills so common in our medical institutions and the poor state of the Teacher-Student relationship.Therefore, it is not surprising that many students prefer not to attend lectures. In our view and from our experience, the formats of the lectures were organised around information designed for students to be memorised rather than learnt (spoon feeding) Which is one of the reasons why many students have found the teaching sessions simply boring and useless.In their attempts to overcome this problem, students tried to find ways to learn; acquiring knowledge through the organisation of discussion groups and seeking the help of senior students when necessary. These discussion groups mimic what has been recently introduced as Problem Based Learning (PBL) [3]. Even though these discussion groups may have lacked direction, they were perceived to be an important factor in the success of many students.Given the poor attendance rates to the lectures, the teachers failed to investigate the reasons behind this and take proactive steps to correct the problem. Because of the lack of teacher analysis and reflection it comes as no surprise that the format and quality of teaching has continued along the same traditional lines with the same problems being continually encountered.The point here is that many of these students went on to become highly successful physicians and surgeons in their working life amongst more modern teaching systems and approaches in the west. So it is logical to conclude that should the methods of teaching and teaching skills improve, the success rate among final year medical students will undoubtedly follow suit.It is our recommendation that in order to improve the success rate amongst students, a more modern way of teaching is urgently required [3]. Teachers first need to recognise that problems exist, and then act proactively to address them [4]. One way is the provision of ‘Train The Trainer’ and other similar courses to increase teaching skills, coupled with more discussion groups, clinical clerks, case presentations, increased student involvement during medical rounds and within lectures, and increased attendance at common procedures. All of the above will surely result in increasing the success rate beyond the current 50% passing rate for final year students

PDA mobile learning using indoor intelligent wireless whiteboard

The information and the educational technologies has rapidly changed in recent years. The application of information technology typically Mobile has become as new technology that can enhance the quality of learning. More class time and assignments in introduction to information technology should be dedicated. This paper reports on the designing the interface of a mobile learning PDA based on wireless whiteboard classroom architecture. Developing an adaptive and context aware mobile learning system is presented. Therein, the proposed technique would definitely enhance the lecturer's hand written notes to integrate PDAs in classroom. Future development approaches for systems supporting learning environments is considered