Inherent Irreversibility of Mixed Convection within Concentric Pipes in a Porous Medium with Thermal Radiation

This work investigated the thermal putrefaction and inherent irreversibility in a steady flow of an incompressible inconstant viscosity radiating fluid within two concentric pipes filled with a porous medium. Following the Brinkmann-Darcy-Forchheimer approach, the nonlinear differential equations governing the model were obtained. The model boundary value problem was addressed numerically via a shooting quadrature with the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg integration scheme. The effects of diverse emerging parameters on the fluid velocity, temperature, skin friction, Nusselt number, entropy generation rate and the Bejan number are provided in graphs and discussed in this paper

Mathematical Analysis of Two Strains Covid-19 Disease Using SEIR Model

The biggest public health problem facing the whole world today is the COVID-19 pandemic. From the time COVID-19 came into the limelight, people have been losing their loved ones and relatives as a direct result of this disease. Here, we present a six-compartment epidemiological model that is deterministic in nature for the emergence and spread of two strains of the COVID-19 disease in a given community, with quarantine and recovery due to treatment. Employing the stability theory of differential equations, the model was qualitatively analyzed. We derived the basic reproduction number  for both strains and investigated the sensitivity index of the parameters. In addition to this, we probed the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium. The disease-free equilibrium was revealed to be globally stable, provided and the model exhibited forward bifurcation. A numerical simulation was performed, and pertinent results are displayed graphically and discussed

Mathematical Analysis of Two Strains Covid-19 Disease Using SEIR Model

The biggest public health problem facing the whole world today is the COVID-19 pandemic. From the time COVID-19 came into the limelight, people have been losing their loved ones and relatives as a direct result of this disease. Here, we present a six-compartment epidemiological model that is deterministic in nature for the emergence and spread of two strains of the COVID-19 disease in a given community, with quarantine and recovery due to treatment. Employing the stability theory of differential equations, the model was qualitatively analyzed. We derived the basic reproduction number  for both strains and investigated the sensitivity index of the parameters. In addition to this, we probed the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium. The disease-free equilibrium was revealed to be globally stable, provided and the model exhibited forward bifurcation. A numerical simulation was performed, and pertinent results are displayed graphically and discussed

Mathematical Modelling of Transmission Dynamics of Anthrax in Human and Animal Population.

Anthrax is an infectious disease that can be categorised under zoonotic diseases. It is caused by the bacteria known as Bacillus anthraces. Anthrax is one of the most leading causes of deaths in domestic and wild animals. In this paper, we develop and investigated a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of the disease. Ordinary differential equations were formulated from the mathematical model. We performed the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the model to explain the transmission dynamics of the anthrax disease. We analysed and determined the model’s steady states solutions. The disease-free equilibrium of the anthrax model is analysed for locally asymptotic stability and the associated epidemic basic reproduction number. The model’s disease free equilibrium has shown to be locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproductive number is less than unity. The model is found to exhibit the existence of multiple endemic equilibria. Sensitivity analysis was performed on the model’s parameters to investigate the most sensitive parameters in the dynamics of the diseases. Keywords: Anthrax model, Basic reproductive number, Asymptotic stability, Endemic equilibrium, Sensitivity analysis

Establishment of Impulsive and Accelerated Motions of Casson Fluid in an Inclined Plate in the Proximity of MHD and Heat Generation

This article is committed to examine the unsteady MHD Casson liquid flow in an inclined infinite vertical plate in the proximity of heat generation and thermal radiation. The governing energy and momentum partial differential equations are ascertained. The momentum equation is established for two distinct types of conditions when the magnetic domain is relevant to the liquid and the magnetic domain is relevant to the moving plate. Analytical expressions for liquid temperature and motion are acquired by applying Laplace transform technique. The effects of physical parameters are accounted for two distinct types of motions namely impulsive motion and accelerated motion. The numerical values of liquid motion and temperature are displayed graphically for various values of pertinent flow parameters. A particular case of our development shows an excellent compromise with the previous consequences in the literature

A mathematical model for coinfection of listeriosis and anthrax diseases

CITATION: Osman, S. & Makinde, O. D. 2018. A mathematical model for coinfection of listeriosis and anthrax diseases. International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences, 2018 (Article ID 1725671), doi:10.1155/2018/1725671.The original publication is available at https://www.hindawi.comListeriosis and Anthrax are fatal zoonotic diseases caused by Listeria monocytogene and Bacillus Anthracis, respectively. In this paper, we proposed and analysed a compartmental Listeriosis-Anthrax coinfection model describing the transmission dynamics of Listeriosis and Anthrax epidemic in human population using the stability theory of differential equations. Our model revealed that the disease-free equilibrium of the Anthrax model only is locally stable when the basic reproduction number is less than one. Sensitivity analysis was carried out on the model parameters in order to determine their impact on the disease dynamics. Numerical simulation of the coinfection model was carried out and the results are displayed graphically and discussed. We simulate the Listeriosis-Anthrax coinfection model by varying the human contact rate to see its effects on infected Anthrax population, infected Listeriosis population, and Listeriosis-Anthrax coinfected population.https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijmms/2018/1725671/Publisher's versio

Heat and Mass Transfer of a Peristaltic Electro-osmotic Flow of a Couple Stress Fluid through an Inclined Asymmetric Channel with Effects of Thermal Radiation and Chemical Reaction

The presented article addresses the electro-osmotic peristaltic flow of a couple stress fluid bounded in an inclined asymmetric micro-channel. The viscous dissipation, Joule heating and chemical reaction effects are employed simultaneously in the flow analysis. Heat and mass transfer have been studied under large wavelength and small Reynolds number. The resulting nonlinear systems are solved numerically. The influence of various dominant physical parameters is discussed for velocity, temperature distribution, concentration distribution and the pumping characteristics. Electro kinetic flow of fluids by micro-pumping through micro channels and micro peristaltic transport has accelerated considerable concern in accelerated medical technology and several areas of biomedical engineering. Deeper clarification of the fluid dynamics of such flow requires the continuous need for more delicate mathematical models and numerical simulations, in parallel with laboratory investigations

Optimal Control and Cost Effectiveness Analysis of SIRS Malaria Disease Model with Temperature Variability Factor

In this study, we proposed and analyzed the optimal control and cost-effectiveness strategies for malaria epidemics model with impact of temperature variability. Temperature variability strongly determines the transmission of malaria. Firstly, we proved that all solutions of the model are positive and bounded within a certain set with initial conditions. Using the next-generation matrix method, the basic reproductive number at the present malaria-free equilibrium point was computed. The local stability and global stability of the malaria-free equilibrium were depicted applying the Jacobian matrix and Lyapunov function respectively when the basic reproductive number is smaller than one. However, the positive endemic equilibrium occurs when the basic reproductive number is greater than unity. A sensitivity analysis of the parameters was conducted; the model showed forward and backward bifurcation. Secondly, using Pontryagin’s maximum principle, optimal control interventions for malaria disease reduction are described involving three control measures, namely use of insecticide-treated bed nets, treatment of infected humans using anti-malarial drugs, and indoor residual insecticide spraying. An analysis of cost-effectiveness was also conducted. Finally, based on the simulation of different control strategies, the combination of treatment of infected humans and insecticide spraying was proved to be the most efficient and least costly strategy to eradicate the disease

Study of MHD Second Grade Flow through a Porous Microchannel under the Dual-Phase-Lag Heat and Mass Transfer Model

A semi-analytical investigation has been carried out to analyze unsteady MHD second-grade flow under the Dual-Phase-Lag (DPL) heat and mass transfer model in a vertical microchannel filled with porous material. Diffusion thermo (Dufour) effects and homogenous chemical reaction are considered as well. The governing partial differential equations are solved by using the Laplace transform method while its inversion is done numerically using INVLAP subroutine of MATLAB. The numerical values of fluid velocity, fluid temperature and species concentration are demonstrated through graphs while the numerical values of skin friction, heat transfer rate and mass transfer rate presented in tabular form for different values of parameters that govern the flow. For the first time, a comparison of heat transfer utilizing the classical Fourier’s heat conduction model, hyperbolic heat conduction Cattaneo-Vernotte (CV) model, and the DPL model is carried out for the flow of a second grade fluid. It is found that the differences between them vanish at dimensionless time t=0.4 (for temperature) and at t=0.5 (for velocity), i.e. at a time where the system reaches steady state. The influence of phase lag parameters in both thermal and solutal transport on the fluid flow characteristics have been deciphered and analyzed. The results conveyed through this article would help researchers to understand non-Fourier heat and mass transfer in the flow of second-grade fluids which may play a vital role in the design of systems in polymer industries