Does the Updating of Landslides Inventories Have a Relevant Impact on the Landslide Susceptibility Assessment?

Landslide inventories are essential for developing an accurate susceptibility assessment. However, the complete and systematic updating of these inventories is a time-consuming and challenging task. Therefore, we aimed to verify if the temporal updating of historical inventories improves the susceptibility models and if the size of the study area plays a relevant role in the decision to update or not landslide inventories. To answer these questions, the work was carried out in two study areas with different sizes but with a similar geomorphological context. The landslide susceptibility modelling, developed using the Information Value method, was performed for distinct types of landslides and using three landslide inventories: one with landslides that occurred before 2012; a second with landslides that occurred during the event of 2010; and a third with landslides that occurred up to 2019. The results indicate no improvement or only a residual enhancement in the susceptibility models’ predictive capacity, regardless of the type of landslide or the study area’s size.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

a competitividade do regime de participation exemption

Dissertação de Mestrado em FiscalidadeNuma economia globalizada e de mercados altamente concorrenciais, o fator a considerar é a influência da competitividade entre Estados no mercado económico. Os Estados procuram essencialmente arrecadar receitas tributárias para a satisfação das necessidades públicas e desenvolvimento dos seus países. Contudo, também as empresas procuram vingar no mercado económico, mas muitas vezes são afetadas por um sistema de concorrência prejudicial . A existência de uma harmonização fiscal internacional é dos fatores que possibilitaria uma fiscalidade mais abrangente para os Estados: afeta por fatores como o aumento da mobilidade de pessoas e empresas e o crescimento do comércio internacional. Assim, podemos afirmar que o principal objetivo das empresas é usufruir de um regime de baixa ou nula tributação de forma a beneficiarem de vantagem fiscal. Neste sentido, cabe aos Estados deterem um sistema fiscal mais atrativo que garanta um aumento de investimentos no seu país através da conjugação de fatores como a transparência do Estado , a simplicidade das normas, a estabilidade política e jurídica e a existência de acordos de dupla tributação, permitindo torná-lo mais atrativo para investidores e contribuintes.In a globalized economy and highly competitive markets, the factor to consider is the inf luence of competitiveness between states in the economic market. The states search essentially collect tax revenues to meet the public needs and development of their countries. However, companies also seek reveng e in the economic market, but are often affected by unfair competition system. The existence of an inter national tax har monization is of the factors that would allow a more comprehensive taxation to the States: affects by factors such as increased mobility of people and businesses and the g rowth of inter national trade. So we can say that the main objective of business is offered a low or zero taxation polity in order to benefit fr om tax advantag es. In this sense, for the states have a more attractive tax system guaranteeing an increased investment in his countr y through the combination of factors such as transparency of the state, the simplicity of the r uler, the political and leg a l stability and the existence of double taxation ag reements, allowing make it more attractive to investors and taxpayers

Validation of 3-day rainfall forecast at the regional scale

Nearly half of the natural disasters in the world are due to hydro-geomorphological hazards. Therefore, rainfall forecast is a key parameter for the implementation of landslides and flash-floods early warning systems. In this work we developed a routine in R software that enables the validation of a 3-day rainfall forecast by comparison with the daily rainfall data recorded in 101 automatic meteorological stations available in mainland Portugal. The routine integrates the pre-processing of base data, the matching between the 3-day rainfall forecast and the daily rainfall registered in the automatic meteorological stations based on sequence of days, the estimation of the difference between the forecasted and the real rainfall values and the computation of error measures, such as the bias, the mean absolute error, the mean absolute percentage error and the root mean square error. The results from the error measures, estimated for the 101 automatic meteorological stations, are then exported to an excel file. The routine is implemented for mainland Portugal and tested using data from February 2015, however, the spatial and temporal data can be easily updated for other regions

Validation of 3-day rainfall forecast at the regional scale

Nearly half of the natural disasters in the world are due to hydro-geomorphological hazards. Therefore, rainfall forecast is a key parameter for the implementation of landslides and flash-floods early warning systems. In this work we developed a routine in R software that enables the validation of a 3-day rainfall forecast by comparison with the daily rainfall data recorded in 101 automatic meteorological stations available in mainland Portugal. The routine integrates the pre-processing of base data, the matching between the 3-day rainfall forecast and the daily rainfall registered in the automatic meteorological stations based on sequence of days, the estimation of the difference between the forecasted and the real rainfall values and the computation of error measures, such as the bias, the mean absolute error, the mean absolute percentage error and the root mean square error. The results from the error measures, estimated for the 101 automatic meteorological stations, are then exported to an excel file. The routine is implemented for mainland Portugal and tested using data from February 2015, however, the spatial and temporal data can be easily updated for other regions. • A routine to validate the rainfall forecast at the regional scale using R programming language is implemented. • The automated routine can be easily updated and adapted with different spatial and temporal scales

Uma janela de oportunidade para o Nordeste

Nos últimos dez anos, reduziu-se o hiato de desenvolvimento entre o Nordeste e as regiões mais prósperas. O ponto que se pretende destacar no artigo é que o crescimento recente pode ter gerado importantes efeitos de causação cumulativa, abrindo uma janela de oportunidade para mudar a realidade econômica e social da região. A argumentação desenvolvida apoia-se também na ideia de que a chamada armadilha de renda média aparece em termos diferentes entre as regiões brasileiras, diante da ampla disponibilidade de mão de obra nas áreas mais pobres. Finaliza-se com a apresentação de alguns dos principais pontos que a agenda de políticas de desenvolvimento regional para o Nordeste deve contemplar.There is little doubt that over the past decade the development gap between the Northeast and the wealthier regions has decreased. It is important to highlight that the recent growth may have caused significant effects of cumulative causation, opening a window of opportunity to change the economic and social reality of the region. The arguments developed also support the notion that the so-called middle-income trap appears differently among Brazil's regions, due to a greater labor supply availability in poorer regions of the country. The chapter concludes with a presentation of suggested policy themes that regional development policy for the Northeast should contemplate

Mechanical Evaluation of Polymer Composite Hip Protectors

Hip fractures often result in serious health implications, particularly in the geriatric population, and have been related to long-term morbidity and death. In most cases, these fractures are caused by impact loads in the area of the greater trochanter, which are produced in a fall. This work is aimed at developing hip protectors using composite materials and evaluating their effectiveness in preventing hip fractures under high impact energy (120 J). The hip protectors were developed with an inner layer of energy absorbing soft material and an outer rigid shell of fiberglass-reinforced polymer composite. According to the experimental results, all tested configurations proved to be effective at reducing the impact load to below the average fracture threshold of proximal femur. Furthermore, an addition of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) to the impacted area of the composite shell proved to be beneficial to increase impact strength of the hip protectors. Thus, composite hip protectors proved to be a viable alternative for a mechanically efficient and cost-effective solution to prevent hip fractures

Tecnologias da informação e da comunicação. Para um novo enfoque sobre o desenvolvimento regional

A questão regional no Brasil tem uma história longa e bastante conhecida..

Difusão da automação no Brasil e os efeitos sobre o emprego: uma resenha da literatura nacional

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