RESILIENCIA Y AUTOESTIMA EN ATLETAS BRASILEÑOS DE BALONMANO

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a resiliência e autoestima em atletas brasileiros de handebol. Fizeram parte da pesquisa 79 atletas, de ambos os sexos (25,24 ± 7,23 anos). Os instrumentos utilizados foram Ficha de identificação, Escala de Resiliência e a Escala de Autoestima. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizado os testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, T Independente e coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, adotando-se p<0,05. Os resultados mostraram correlações significativas entre a resiliência e autoestima (p<0,01). Nas comparações da resiliência em função do sexo, faixa etária e tempo de prática, os resultados apontaram que não houve diferenças significativas (p>0,05). Para a comparação da autoestima também não foram encontradas diferenças significativas (p>0,05), indicando que estes fatores não influenciam na percepção da autoestima destes atletas. Conclui-se que a idade e o tempo de prática são fatores que não influenciam na percepção de resiliência e autoestima de atletas brasileiros de handebol.The aim of the study was to investigate resilience and self-esteem in Brazilian handball athletes. A total of 79 athletes of both sexes (25.24 ± 7.23 years) took part in the research. The instruments used were the Identification Form, the Resilience Scale and the Self-Esteem Scale. For data analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, Independent T and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used, adopting p<0.05. The results showed significant correlations between resilience and self-esteem (p<0.01). In the comparisons of resilience as a function of sex, age group and time of practice, the results showed that there were no significant differences (p>0.05). For the comparison of self-esteem, no significant differences were found (p>0.05), indicating that these factors do not influence the perception of self-esteem of these athletes. It is concluded that age and time of practice are factors that do not influence the perception of resilience and self-esteem of Brazilian handball athletes.El objetivo del estudio fue investigar la resiliencia y la autoestima en atletas de balonmano brasileños. Participaron de la investigación un total de 79 deportistas de ambos sexos (25,24 ± 7,23 años). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Formulario de Identificación, la Escala de Resiliencia y la Escala de Autoestima. Para el análisis de los datos fueron utilizadas las pruebas de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, T Independiente y coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, adoptando p<0,05. Los resultados mostraron correlaciones significativas entre resiliencia y autoestima (p<0,01). En las comparaciones de resiliencia en función del sexo, grupo de edad y tiempo de práctica, los resultados mostraron que no hubo diferencias significativas (p>0,05). Para la comparación de autoestima no se encontraron diferencias significativas (p>0,05), indicando que estos factores no influyen en la percepción de autoestima de estos deportistas. Se concluye que la edad y el tiempo de práctica son factores que no influyen en la percepción de resiliencia y autoestima de los atletas brasileños de balonmano

Estresse e ansiedade estado em atletas profissionais de futebol masculino lesionados e não lesionados da Cidade de Maringá –PR / Stress and state anxiety in male soccer athletes injured and non-injured of Maringá – PR

A reabilitação de um atleta não é algo simples de lidar, devido à grandes influências negativas. Desta forma este estudo teve por objetivo analisar os níveis de estresse e ansiedade estado de atletas de futebol masculino lesionado e não lesionados da cidade de Maringá- PR. Foram analisados 30 atletas de Futebol com idade entre 18 e 27 anos e do sexo Masculino, sendo 16 lesionados e 14 não lesionados. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Ficha de Identificação do atleta, Escala de percepção de estresse 10 e Inventário de Estado de Ansiedade Competitiva 2 (CSAI-2.). A coleta de dados foi realizada em uma clínica de fisioterapia e um clube de futebol da cidade de Maringá – PR. A análise dos dados ocorreu através de estatística descritiva e inferencial (Mediana e intervalo interquartílico) utilizando os testes, Shapiro wilk, Teste “U” de Mann- Whitnney, correlação de Spearman e coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach (p < 0,5). A partir de todas as informações obtidas através da análise de dados, pode-se concluir que atletas lesionados possuem níveis de estresse e ansiedade maiores que os não lesionados sendo necessário seu controle em um processo de reabilitação.

A motivação de alunos do ensino fundamental e médio para as aulas de educação física

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the motivation of elementary and high school students for Physical Education classes in a public school in Maringá - PR.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional descriptive quantitative and qualitative research. Participants were 162 students of both genders, 81 from the 9th grade of elementary school and 81 from the 3rd grade of high school, mean age 15.40 ± 2.06 years. The instruments were the Basic Psychological Needs Scale and open questions about the aspects that motivate and demotivate students for Physical Education classes. Analyses were performed by Mann-Whitney’s U test (p<0.05) and Content Analysis.RESULTS: No differences (p>0.05) were observed in the dimensions of basic psychological needs according to 9th and 3rd grade classes. The comparison according to the gender of the 9th grade students showed higher values (p=0.033) for males in the competence dimension (Md=3.75). The 3rd grade male students also showed higher values (p<0.05) than the girls in the autonomy (Md=3.50) and relationship (Md=3.80) dimensions. As for the reasons that motivate them to participate in Physical Education, the students from both classes presented similar aspects for extrinsic motivation (activities developed) and intrinsic motivation (social relationships). The main demotivating factors for the 9th grade were “theoretical classes” and “sport content”, and for the 3rd grade students “lack of interest of classmates in the activities” and “materials” were the most cited aspects.CONCLUSION: The students from both classes showed moderate motivation, with higher values perceived in the dimensions of competence and relationship. The boys were more satisfied in the dimensions of competence (9th grade), autonomy, and relationship (3rd grade). In addition, students were more extrinsically motivated and the most evident demotivating factors were “theoretical classes” and “lack of interest of classmates in the activities”.OBJETIVO: Analisar a motivação de alunos do ensino fundamental e médio para as aulas de Educação Física em uma escola pública de Maringá - PR.MÉTODOS: A pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva de cunho quantitativo e qualitativo do tipo transversal. Participaram 162 estudantes de ambos os sexos, sendo 81 do 9º ano do ensino fundamental e 81 do 3º ano do ensino médio, média de idade 15,40±2,06 anos. Os instrumentos foram a Escala de Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas e perguntas abertas sobre os aspectos que motivam e desmotivam os alunos para as aulas de Educação Física. Foram realizadas análises pelo teste U de Mann-Whitney (p<0,05) e Análise de Conteúdo.RESULTADOS: Não foram observadas diferenças (p>0,05) nas dimensões das necessidades psicológicas básicas em função das turmas de 9º e 3º ano. A comparação em função do sexo dos alunos do 9º ano apontou valores mais elevados (p=0,033) para o sexo masculino na dimensão de competência (Md=3,75). Os alunos do sexo masculino do 3º ano também apresentaram valores superiores (p<0,05) às meninas nas dimensões autonomia (Md=3,50) e relacionamento (Md=3,80). Quanto às razões que os motivam a participar da Educação Física, os alunos de ambas as turmas apresentaram aspectos semelhantes para motivação extrínseca (atividades desenvolvidas) e intrínseca (relações sociais). Os principais fatores de desmotivação, para o 9º ano foram as “aulas teóricas” e “conteúdo esporte”, e para os alunos do 3º ano o “desinteresse dos colegas pelas atividades” e “materiais” foram os aspectos mais citados.CONCLUSÃO: Os estudantes de ambas as turmas apresentaram motivação moderada, percebendo-se valores mais elevados nas dimensões de competência e relacionamento. Os rapazes mostraram-se mais satisfeitos nas dimensões de competência (9º ano), autonomia e relacionamento (3º ano). Além disso, os estudantes mostraram-se mais motivados extrinsecamente e os fatores de desmotivação mais evidentes foram “aulas teóricas” e “desinteresse dos colegas pelas atividades”

NECESSIDADES PSICOLÓGICAS BÁSICAS E PAIXÃO EM ATLETAS BRASILEIROS UNIVERSITÁRIOS DE VÔLEI DE PRAIA

The aim of this study was to compare basic psychological needs (NPB) and passion in Brazilian university beach volleyball athletes. 57 athletes of both sexes participated (21.48 ± 1.79 years), participating in the final phase of the Brazilian University Games 2018. The instruments used were the Passion Scale and the Basic Needs Satisfaction Scale for Sport (BNSSS) . The Kolmogorov-Smirnorv, U-Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for data analysis (p <0.05). The results showed that athletes from the central region of the country felt more satisfied in relation to the basic need for autonomy (p = 0.033) when compared to athletes from the south and southeast regions. Athletes from private institutions showed higher levels of satisfaction with the need for competence (p = 0.035) and relationship (p = 0.028) than athletes from public universities. Regarding the remuneration for the practice of sports, athletes who receive some financial assistance feel more competent (p = 0.012) with the practice of sports. International level athletes showed greater satisfaction in relation to autonomy and competence, in addition to greater harmonious passion than national level athletes (p <0.05). It is concluded that the athletes of international level, who receive some type of remuneration, who study in private universities and in the central region of the country presented greater satisfaction with the basic psychological needs and more in line with the practice of the sport.El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar las necesidades psicológicas básicas (NPB) y la pasión en atletas universitarios brasileños de voleibol de playa. Participaron 57 deportistas de ambos sexos (21,48 ± 1,79 años), participando en la fase final de los Juegos Universitarios Brasileños 2018. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la Escala de Pasión y la Escala de Satisfacción de Necesidades Básicas para el Deporte (BNSSS). Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron las pruebas de Kolmogorov-Smirnorv, U-Mann-Whitney y Kruskal-Wallis (p <0,05). Los resultados mostraron que los deportistas de la región central del país se sintieron más satisfechos en relación a la necesidad básica de autonomía (p = 0,033) en comparación con los deportistas de las regiones sur y sureste. Los deportistas de instituciones privadas mostraron mayores niveles de satisfacción con la necesidad de competencia (p = 0,035) y relación (p = 0,028) que los deportistas de universidades públicas. En cuanto a la retribución por el deporte, los deportistas que reciben alguna ayuda económica se sienten más competentes (p = 0,012) con su práctica deportiva. Los deportistas de nivel internacional mostraron mayor satisfacción en relación a la autonomía y competencia, además de una mayor pasión armónica que los deportistas de nivel nacional (p <0,05). Se concluye que los deportistas de nivel internacional, que reciben algún tipo de remuneración, que cursan estudios en universidades privadas y en la región central del país, mostraron mayor satisfacción con las necesidades psicológicas básicas y más en armonía con la práctica del deporte.O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar as necessidades psicológicas básicas (NPB) e a paixão em atletas brasileiros universitários de vôlei de praia. Participaram 57 atletas de ambos os sexos (21,48±1,79 anos), participantes da fase final dos Jogos Universitários Brasileiros 2018. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Escala da Paixão e a Escala de Satisfação das Necessidades Básicas para o Esporte (BNSSS). Para a análise dos dados foram utilizados os testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnorv, U de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis (p<0,05). Os resultados evidenciaram que os atletas da região central do país se perceberam mais satisfeitos em relação à necessidade básica de autonomia (p=0,033) quando comparados aos atletas da região sul e sudeste. Atletas de instituições privadas apresentaram maiores índices de satisfação com a necessidade de competência (p=0,035) e relacionamento (p=0,028) do que atletas de universidades públicas. Em relação a remuneração pelo esporte, atletas que recebem algum auxílio financeiro se sentem mais competentes (p=0,012) com a sua prática esportiva. Atletas de nível internacional apresentaram maior satisfação em relação à autonomia e competência, além de maior paixão harmoniosa do que os atletas de nível nacional (p<0,05). Conclui-se que os atletas de nível internacional, que recebem algum tipo de remuneração, que estudam em universidades particulares e da região central do país demonstraram maior satisfação com as necessidades psicológicas básicas e mais apaixonados harmoniosamente com a prática da modalidade

Effect of the T6 Heat Treatment on Microhardness of a Directionally Solidified Aluminum-Based 319 Alloy

Aluminum alloys of the ANSI series 319 present Si and Cu as the main alloying elements and the mechanical strength of these alloys can be improved by the precipitation of the metastable Al2Cu phase during the ageing heat treatment. In this paper, the Al-5.5wt.%Si-3wt.%Cu alloy was elaborated and solidified in a water-cooled horizontal directional solidification device. The as-cast ingot was subjected to the precipitation hardening heat treatment (T6 heat treatment), which consisted of: solution for 5 h at 490°C±2°C, followed by quenching in water at 60°C±2°C and ageing for 3 h at 155°C±2°C, and cooling-air. Secondary dendrite arm spacing (λ2) measurements were carried out before and after T6 heat treatment. The mechanical strength of the alloy was investigated by the microhardness test. It has been found that the heat treatment did not influence the λ2 values, however, highest HV values have been observed for the heat-treated samples.FAPESPA - Fundação Amazônia de Amparo a Estudos e PesquisasMAGNO, I. A. B.; SOUZA, F. V. A.; BARROS, A. S.;NASCIMENTO, J. M.; ROCHA, O. F. L. Universidade Federa do Par

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN