Språkutviklingsarbeid med tospråklige barn i norske barnehager. En kvalitativ studie av hvordan reflekterer barnehagelærere om språkutviklingsarbeid med tospråklige barn i barnehage

Master i tilpasset opplæring - 202

Mechanical alloys Mg-Me (Me: Ti, Fe, Ni, Al) & Mg-Me1-Me2(Ме1:Al, Me2: Ti, Fe, Ni) with low resistance and improved kinetics of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation for hydrogen storage applications

Changes in MgH2 decomposition kinetics were investigated in dependence on complex doping of MgH2 by Al, Ti, Ni,and Fe. Reactive mechanochemical alloying method (RMA) was applied in the temperature descending regime. It was found that addition of Al+Ni+Ti, Al+Ti, Fe+Ti (see below) and Al+Fe elements combinations led to a lower  thermal stability and, consequently, to a lowering of the temperature of hydrogen desorption onset. Whereas desorption began at temperature of 320 °C from the pure MgH2, the aditions of Al, Ni, Ti and Fe lowered the start of the desorption down to 250°C (at hydrogen pressure 0.1 MPa in the reactor). Very fast desorption kineticsprecize at 300 0C and PH 2= 0.1 MPa were observed for Mg+Me mixture in comparison with the pure Mg. Sorption capacity of investigated mechanically-alloyed composites varied from 5 to 6.5 wt. % H2. The tested materials showed a high potential as hydrogen storage alloys especially for stationary application

Fast diffusion of graphene flake on graphene layer

Diffusion of a graphene flake on a graphene layer is analyzed and a new diffusion mechanism is proposed for the system under consideration. According to this mechanism, rotational transition of the flake from commensurate to incommensurate states takes place with subsequent simultaneous rotation and translational motion until the commensurate state is reached again, and so on. The molecular dynamics simulations and analytic estimates based on ab initio and semi-empirical calculations demonstrate that the proposed diffusion mechanism is dominant at temperatures T ~ Tcom, where Tcom corresponds to the barrier for transitions of the flake between adjacent energy minima in the commensurate states. For example, for the flake consisting of ~ 40, 200 and 700 atoms the contribution of the proposed diffusion mechanism through rotation of the flake to the incommensurate states exceeds that for diffusion of the flake in the commensurate states by one-two orders of magnitude at temperatures 50 - 150 K, 200 - 600 K and 800 - 2400 K, respectively. The possibility to experimentally measure the barriers to relative motion of graphene layers based on the study of diffusion of a graphene flake is considered. The results obtained are also relevant for understanding of dynamic behavior of polycyclic aromatic molecules on graphene and should be qualitatively valid for a set of commensurate adsorbate-adsorbent systems.Comment: 33 pages, 6 figure

The use of Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle in perfection of fracture liaison service work

Background: Secondary fracture prevention services (FLS) have been established around the world during several last years. However, due to the differences of medical care organization in different regions, it is difficult to offer a unified approach of the structure and separate components of such services, which could be used everywhere. It is recommended to apply the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle to evaluate the FLS in the institution. Aim: To study the application of the PDSA cycle in the optimization of FLS working in Yaroslavl. Materials and methods: We evaluated the effectiveness of FLS organization which was created in the Emergency medical care hospital n.a. N. V. Solovyov at two stages of its development: at the first stage we worked using the principle by referral of a traumatologist, at the second stage we used a dedicated coordinator. We used the questionnaire Best Practice framework for assessment. We also used PDSA cycle to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of FLS organization. Results: At the stage by referral of a traumatologist we revealed problems with patients identification, timing of assessment after a fracture, low frequency of initiation of osteoporosis therapy, lack of a falls prevention system and problems with a database. After the analysis and revealing shortcomings weve made several changes in the organization of our FLS. First of all we introduced a dedicated coordinator-nurse in the staff of FLS.The following analysis showed that significant improvements had been made in all revealed directions. The following application of the PDSA cycle again identified several issues of FLS organization requiring improvement. Conclusion: Thus, the use of the PDSA cycle during the organization of FLS is a tool of effective control and establishment of an effective care system for patients with low-energy fractures

Interaction of the NO 3pπ (C 2Π) Rydberg state with RG (RG = Ne, Kr, and Xe): potential energy surfaces and spectroscopy

We present new potential energy surfaces for the interaction of NO(C 2Π) with each of Ne, Kr, and Xe. The potential energy surfaces have been calculated using second order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory, exploiting a procedure to converge the reference Hartree-Fock wavefunction for the excited states: the maximum overlap method. The bound rovibrational states obtained from the surfaces are used to simulate the electronic spectra and their appearance is in good agreement with available (2+1) REMPI spectra. We discuss the assignment and appearance of these spectra, comparing to that of NO-Ar

Adaptation of Students Depending on the Type of Temperament to Educational Activities in Higher School in the Conditions of Online Learning

The article examines the influence of the type of temperament on the adaptation of students to educational activities at the university in the context of online learning. The article's main aim is to study the regulatory-adaptive status of students depending on the classical and mixed types of temperament. To do so, we analyze and investigate a number of sources on this issue. For the successful adaptation of students to educational activities in the context of online learning, higher school teachers should determine what properties and characteristics of the nervous system their students have. The authors conclude that the regulatory-adaptive abilities of students to the educational process depend on the type of temperament. They are the highest among phlegmatic/sanguine students and the lowest among melancholic students

Сравнительное исследование жизнестойкости у российских студентов-спортсменов и студентов, не занимающихся спортом

Статья посвящена исследованию, целью которого было изучение особенности уровня и структуры студентов-спортсменов в сравнении со студентами, не занимающимися спортом (Россия). Мы предположили, что студенты-спортсмены более жизнестойки, и структура их жизнестойкости отличается от таковой у студентов-не спортсменов. В исследовании приняли участие 152 человека (62 мужчины и 90 женщин) в возрасте от 18 до 27 лет (средний возраст составил 21,8 ± 4,1 года). Для изучения особенностей жизнестойкости использовалась "Шкала жизнестойкости С. Мадди" (в адаптации Е.И. Рассказовой, Д.А. Леонтьева, 2006) и проводилось структурированное интервью. Обработка данных осуществлялась посредством методов математической статистики (φ*-угловое преобразование Фишера, t-критерий Стьюдента). Кроме того, проводился факторный анализ с использованием метода Principle Components (Varimax Normalized). В результате исследования было определено, что в целом по выборке студенты имеют достаточно высокий уровень жизнестойкости (преимущественно за счет показателя «принятие риска»). При этом сравнительный анализ показал, что у студентов-спортсменов показатели жизнестойкости достоверно выше (за счет вовлеченности и контроля). Мужчины-спортсмены имеют самый высокий уровень жизнестойкости. Девушки-спортсменки и молодые люди, не занимающиеся спортом, имеют одинаковый уровень жизнестойкости. Наиболее низкие показатели жизнестойкости имеют девушки, не занимающиеся спортом. Различия между студентами, занимающимися и не занимающимися спортом, носят не только количественный, но и качественный характер: результаты факторного анализа свидетельствуют о наличии более дифференцированной структуры жизнестойкости у студентов-спортсменов.The article is devoted to analysis of hardiness and its components (commitment, control, challenge) among student-athletes and students who do not go in for sports (Russia). The purpose of this study is to explore the peculiarities of the level and structure of the hardiness of student-athletes in comparison with students who are not involved in sports. We hypothesized that students-athletes are hardier, and the structure of their hardiness is different from student-non-athletes. The study involved 152 participants (62 male and 90 female). The sample consisted of subjects aged from 18 to 27 years (average age was 21.8 ± 4.1 years). Maddy's "Hardiness Scale" (adapted by Leontiev and Rasskazova, 2006) and structured interview were used. Mathematical data processing was carried out with nonparametric (φ test) and parametric statistics (t-test). Method of Principle Components (Varimax Normalized) was applied in addition. All students have a high level of hardiness. While, the hardiness is higher in student-athletes due to the components of commitment and control. Factor analysis confirmed the presence of a more distinctly differentiated structure of hardiness in student-athletes. Male student-athletes have the highest level of hardiness. Girls who do not engage in sports have the lowest indicates of hardiness. Female student-athletes and young men who do not engage in sports have the same level of hardiness.El artículo está dedicado al análisis de la resistencia y sus componentes (compromiso, control, desafío) entre estudiantes atletas y estudiantes que no practican deportes (Rusia). El propósito de este estudio es explorar las peculiaridades del nivel y la estructura de la resistencia de los estudiantes atletas en comparación con los estudiantes que no participan en deportes. Presumimos que los estudiantes atletas son más resistentes y que la estructura de su resistencia es diferente de la de los estudiantes no atletas. En el estudio participaron 152 participantes (62 hombres y 90 mujeres). La muestra consistió en sujetos de 18 a 27 años (la edad promedio fue de 21.8 ± 4.1 años). Se utilizó la "Escala de resistencia" de Maddy (adaptada por Leontiev y Rasskazova, 2006) y la entrevista estructurada. El procesamiento de datos matemáticos se realizó con estadísticas no paramétricas (prueba φ) y paramétricas (prueba t). Se aplicó además el Método de Componentes Principales (Varimax Normalizado). Todos los estudiantes tienen un alto nivel de resistencia. Mientras que la resistencia es mayor en estudiantes atletas debido a los componentes de compromiso y control. El análisis factorial confirmó la presencia de una estructura de resistencia más claramente diferenciada en los estudiantes atletas. Los estudiantes atletas masculinos tienen el mayor nivel de resistencia. Las niñas que no practican deportes tienen los indicadores más bajos de resistencia. Las estudiantes atletas y los hombres jóvenes que no practican deportes tienen el mismo nivel de resistencia

Nanotube-Based NEMS: Control vs. Thermodynamic Fluctuations

Multi-scale simulations of nanotube-based nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) controlled by a nonuniform electric field are performed by an example of a gigahertz oscillator. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we obtain the friction coefficients and characteristics of the thermal noise associated with the relative motion of the nanotube walls. These results are used in a phenomenological one-dimensional oscillator model. The analysis based both on this model and the Fokker-Planck equation for the oscillation energy distribution function shows how thermodynamic fluctuations restrict the possibility of controlling NEMS operation for systems of small sizes. The parameters of the force for which control of the oscillator operation is possible are determined.Comment: 40 pages, 12 figure

Long-term treatment options for postmenopausal osteoporosis: results of recent clinical studies of Denosumab

Modern medications for osteoporosis (bisphosphonates, denosumab, teriparatide) are well-tolerated drugs, which can significantly lower vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk according to prospective and observational studies in up to 10-year period. Certain drugs (denosumab, teriparatide) are active only during the treatment period and do not prevent bone loss and fracture risk after discontinuation, while such protective effect is observed in bisphosphonates. Despite impressive success of continuous 10-year denosumab treatament of severe osteoporosis, some of the recently published data suggest that vertebral fracture incidence is increased after treatment discontinuation, along with multiple vertebral fracture incidence, especially in patients with previous fractures. Issues of osteoporosis treatment duration, sequential use of osteoporosis drugs and criteria for treatment discontinuation are now in focus of attention. European Medicines Agency (EMA) and European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS) considered these issues in 2017. ЕМА considered fractures after denosumab discontinuation as a natural disease course and did not recommend any changes in product instruction. The main conclusion of ECTS is that the possibility of multiple fractures development after denosumab discontinuation exists, however, there is still not enough firm evidence, as well as effective countermeasures. Clinicians and patients should be aware of potential risk. Both EMA and ECTS suggest considering denosumab treatment or discontinuation after 5-year treatment period or possibly replacing with bisphosphonates. Recent data suggest that prolonged osteoporosis treatment can be done in accordance with the concept of treatment until target goal (for example, achievement of femoral T-score -2.0SD and higher). In our review, we focus on recent data concerning the issues stated above. This topic was also discussed on Russian Osteoporosis Association (ROA) expert meeting in Saint Petersburg on 24 may 2018, chaired by ROA president, professor Olga Lesnyak and Columbia University professor, J.P. Bilezikian. As a result, an Expert Council resolution was written and introduced in the article