Evaluation of Aeromagnetic Data Over Some Parts of Lower Benue Trough, Nigeria Using Spectral Analysis

We obtained, processed, and interpreted spectral analyses of aeromagnetic data across a portion of the Lower Benue Trough with the goal of estimating the depth to magnetic basement, modeling a conspicuous magnetic anomaly, identifying the basement topography, and evaluating basin configurations. Qualitative interpretation based on visual examination of the total magnetic intensive anomalies map, residual contour map, and first vertical derivative map reveals major faults trending east-west (E-W) and minor faults trending northeast-southwest (NE-SW), which is consistent with the structure of the lower Benue Trough. The western portion of the research region indicates structural change near the towns of Afikpo and Ishiagu, indicating areas of documented intrusive igneous body activity. According to the quantitative interpretation of the aeromagmatic data, the average sedimentary thickness is between (2.3 and 3.2 kilometers) and Quantitative interpretation utilizing spectral analysis identifies two distinct depth sources in the region: shallower sources ranging from 1.09 to 1.6 kilometers in the southern portion of the research area, and deeper sources ranging from 1.61 to 4.90 kilometers in the northern section. Additionally, the research reveals that the depths to the centroid and magnetic bodies (sedimentary thicknesses) vary between 5.02 and 10.65 kilometers and 0.23 and 3.5 kilometers, respectively. It was recommended that a ground magnetic survey be used in conjunction with this work to provide a more conclusive result

Isolierung und Strukturaufklärung von Sekundärmetaboliten der gleitenden Bakterien Ohtaekwangia kribbensis und Hyalangium minutum

Investigation of secondary metabolites from gliding bacteria continues to provide new biologically active compounds. In the present thesis, three classes of compounds were isolated and their structures elucidated by analysis of NMR and HRESIMS data and by X-ray crystallography of crystalline compounds. Marinoquinoline A, a pyrroloquinoline, was isolated from the Bacteroidetes Ohtaekwangia kribbensis together with five analogues, marinoquinolines B - F. In a second project, eight new compounds, hyaladione, an S-methyl cylohexadiene dione, and seven polyketides, the hyafurones A1 - D, together with the hyapyrones A and B were isolated from two strains of the myxobacterium Hyalangium minutum. All compounds were evaluated for their biological activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi, for cytotoxicity and anti-parasitic activity. Hyaladione displayed the highest activities with the inhibition of the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with a MIC of 0.83 ug/mL, cytotoxicity against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with an IC50 of 1.23 uM, and activity against the malaria parasite P. falciparum with an IC50 of 0.92 uM. Marinoquinolines B and F were also active against P. falciparum with IC50 values of 1.8 and 1.7 uM, respectively.Die Untersuchung von Sekundarmetaboliten gleitender Bakterien liefert weiterhin neue biologisch aktiver Verbindungen. Im Rahmen meiner Doktorarbeit wurden drei Substanzgruppen isoliert und mittels analytischer Methoden wie NMR-Spektroskopie, Massenspektrometrie und Rontgenkristallographie in ihrer Struktur aufgeklart. Marinoquinolin A, ein Pyrroloquinolin, und funf Derivate, die Marinoquinoline B - F, wurden aus dem Bacteroidetes Ohtaekwangia kribbensis isoliert. In einem zweiten Projekt wurden aus zwei Stammen des Myxobakteriums Hyalangium minutum acht neue Verbindungen isoliert. Hyaladion, ein S-Methyl-cyclohexadien-dion und sieben Polyketide, die Hyafurone A1-D zusammen mit den Hyapyronen A und B. Alle Substanzen wurden auf ihre biologische Aktivitat gegen pathogene Bakterien und Pilze, sowie auf Zytotoxizitat und anti-parasitische Wirkung getestet. Hyaladion zeigte die besten Aktivitaten mit der Inhibierung des Methicillin-resistenten Staphylococcus aureus mit einer MIC von 0.83 ug/mL und einer Zytotoxizitat gegen die Brustkrebs-Zelllinie MCF-7 mit einer IC50 von 1.23 uM, sowie Aktivitat gegen den Malariaparasiten P. falciparum mit einer IC50 von 0.92 uM. Auch die Marinoquinoline B und F waren aktiv gegen P. falciparum mit IC50-Werten von 1.8 bzw. 1.7 uM

Disease progress of Peronosclerospora sorghi on some Ugandan maize genotypes

The type and level of disease reaction of Ugandan maize genotypes to Peronosclerospora sorghi was characterized using several variables during the second season of 1994 at two locations, Nazaretti in Mpigi district and Ikulwe in Iganga district. Maize genotypes differed significantly (p 0.05) in susceptibility as determined by the rate of disease increase (r), area under disease progress curve, and disease incidience

Evaluation of Aeromagnetic Data Over Some Parts of Lower Benue Trough, Nigeria Using Spectral Analysis

We obtained, processed, and interpreted spectral analyses of aeromagnetic data across a portion of the Lower Benue Trough with the goal of estimating the depth to magnetic basement, modeling a conspicuous magnetic anomaly, identifying the basement topography, and evaluating basin configurations. Qualitative interpretation based on visual examination of the total magnetic intensive anomalies map, residual contour map, and first vertical derivative map reveals major faults trending east-west (E-W) and minor faults trending northeast-southwest (NE-SW), which is consistent with the structure of the lower Benue Trough. The western portion of the research region indicates structural change near the towns of Afikpo and Ishiagu, indicating areas of documented intrusive igneous body activity. According to the quantitative interpretation of the aeromagmatic data, the average sedimentary thickness is between (2.3 and 3.2 kilometers) and Quantitative interpretation utilizing spectral analysis identifies two distinct depth sources in the region: shallower sources ranging from 1.09 to 1.6 kilometers in the southern portion of the research area, and deeper sources ranging from 1.61 to 4.90 kilometers in the northern section. Additionally, the research reveals that the depths to the centroid and magnetic bodies (sedimentary thicknesses) vary between 5.02 and 10.65 kilometers and 0.23 and 3.5 kilometers, respectively. It was recommended that a ground magnetic survey be used in conjunction with this work to provide a more conclusive result

Lanyamycin, a macrolide antibiotic from Sorangium cellulosum, strain Soce 481 (Myxobacteria)

Lanyamycin (1/2), a secondary metabolite occurring as two epimers, was isolated from the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum, strain Soce 481. The structures of both epimers were elucidated from HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR data and the relative configuration of their macrolactone ring was assigned based on NOE and vicinal 1H NMR coupling constants and by calculation of a 3D model. Lanyamycin inhibited HCV infection into mammalian liver cells with an IC50 value of 11.8 µM, and exhibited a moderate cytotoxic activity against the mouse fibroblast cell line L929 and the human nasopharyngeal cell line KB3 with IC50 values of 3.1 and 1.5 μM, respectively, and also suppressed the growth of the Gram-positive bacterium Micrococcus luteus

Mooreia alkaloidigena gen. nov., sp. nov. and Catalinimonas alkaloidigena gen. nov., sp. nov., alkaloid-producing marine bacteria in the proposed families Mooreiaceae fam. nov. and Catalimonadaceae fam. nov. in the phylum Bacteroidetes

Bacterial strains CNX-216(T) and CNU-914(T) were isolated from marine sediment samples collected from Palmyra Atoll and off Catalina Island, respectively. Both strains were Gram-negative and aerobic and produce deep-orange to pink colonies and alkaloid secondary metabolites. Cells of strain CNX-216(T) were short, non-motile rods, whereas cells of strain CNU-914(T) were short, curved rods with gliding motility. The DNA G+C contents of CNX-216(T) and CNU-914(T) were respectively 57.7 and 44.4 mol%. Strains CNX-216(T) and CNU-914(T) contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C(15 : 0) and C(16 : 1)ω5c as the major fatty acids. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that both strains belong to the order Cytophagales in the phylum Bacteroidetes. Strain CNX-216(T) exhibited low 16S rRNA gene sequence identity (87.1 %) to the nearest type strain, Cesiribacter roseus 311(T), and formed a well-supported lineage that is outside all currently described families in the order Cytophagales. Strain CNU-914(T) shared 97.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence identity with ‘Porifericola rhodea’ N5EA6-3A2B and, together with ‘Tunicatimonas pelagia’ N5DB8-4 and four uncharacterized marine bacteria isolated as part of this study, formed a lineage that is clearly distinguished from other families in the order Cytophagales. Based on our polyphasic taxonomic characterization, we propose that strains CNX-216(T) and CNU-914(T) represent novel genera and species, for which we propose the names Mooreia alkaloidigena gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain CNX-216(T)  = DSM 25187(T)  = KCCM 90102(T)) and Catalinimonas alkaloidigena gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain CNU-914(T)  = DSM 25186(T)  = KCCM 90101(T)) within the new families Mooreiaceae fam. nov. and Catalimonadaceae fam. nov