Musical Athleticism: Victorian Brass Band Contests and the Shaping of Working-Class Men

This essay examines the implications behind the brass band movement in the nineteenth and early twentieth century in Britain. The activity was encouraged by middle-class entrepreneurs as a social improvement exercise for the working class. The music was meant to refine their taste and prevent them from engaging in less desirable recreational activities; at the same time the competitive aspect of performances was seen as the best possible means to motivate improvement in musicians. While the activity was intended to promote middle-class musical values, as competitive practices developed a distinct musical tradition with values that deviated from the middle-class tradition emerged. Through an examination of contemporary discussion on brass band contests and musical practices, Odello discusses the Victorian concepts of musical culture, athleticism, and class values that shaped this tradition as well as how people perceive the social influences of music and use those ideas to attempt to shape society

Ritualized Performance and Community Identity: A Historical Examination of Drum Corps Competition in the United States

What structures bind musical communities that reach over distances? This article examines the musical community of youth drum corps in the United States and, in particular, the changing performance practices at competitions over time and how those changes influence the identity of the community. Drum corps is a community that exists over increasingly greater distances, yet the identity of this musical community is strong. An important site for discovering this communal identity is in competitive performance. Drum corps performances are strictly regulated because of this competitive context, and the values seen in those competitive regulations reflect the identity of the community. Ritual theory helps to examine the mechanisms by which members of this musical community renegotiate these identity values over decades. This article discusses shifts in performance practices such as instrumentation, repertoire and motion, all of which are reflected in changing competition judging guidelines. Ritual theory is used to understand how members of the drum corps community understood the implementation and official recognition of these changes in competitions as changes to the community’s identity

Chemistry of some model compounds related to fluorinated polymers

The work described in this thesis is concerned with three areas which are the generation of stable carbocations from saturated model compounds related to poly- vinylidenefluoride, the development of synthetic routes to fluoro-organo-phosphazenes with intention of obtaining some potential additives for perfluoropolyether fluids operating at elevated temperatures, and pericyclic reactions involving fluorinated olefins.1. We reported that some remarkable conjugated cations, and di-cations (4a) are obtained by reaction of hydrofluorocarbon precursors (4) with an excess of antimony pentafluoride. Cations (4a) bear the fluorine atoms at the charged sites, which of course, leads to stabilisation of the systems We investigated the effect of both re-hybridisation and charge on (^13)C, (^19)F, (^1)H n.m.r. chemical shifts and we applied the empirical criterion of (^13)C chemical shifts additivity to these systems to confirm the structure of some carbo-mono-cations and.-di- cations.2. The mechanism of displacement reactions in halophosphazenes was rationalised by reacting the systems in study with selected nucleophiles in competition reactions. Some fluoro-organo-phosphazenes were synthesised using halophosphazenes as starting materials. Different methodologies were used and their effectiveness was limited by the reactivity of the halophosphazenes towards the fluoroalkylating agents. The methodologies used include nucleophilic displacement of the halogen with fluorinated alcohols (R(_F)CH(_2)OH), and perfluoroalkylating agents (eg.: CF(_3)SiMe(_3)); perfluoroalkylation of organo-phosphazene using hexafluoropropene under gamma ray irradiation. Potential stabilising agents for perfluoropolyether fluids were synthesised and their effectiveness was tested.3. Some pericyclic reactions of heptafluorobut-2-ene and hexafluorobut-2-ene with dienes have been studied in an attempt to synthesise a series of benzenoid and heteroaromatic compounds containing two trifluoromethyl groups in high yields

La Corte Penal Internacional y las legislaciones nacionales: relación entre Derecho Internacional y derechos nacionales

The entry into force of the Statute of the International Criminal Court represents an important development for the prosecution of international crimes committed by individuals. The Court has jurisdiction over violations related to both human rights and humanitarian law, but the Court has a complementary jurisdiction in relation to national courts. The aforementioned issues imply relevant relations between international and national law, mainly in criminal matters, which are usually reserved to national jurisdiction. In this paper we present some issues related to this complex relationship

California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Agriculture Ambassador Program of Work

The purpose of this project is to help the Cal Poly Ag Ambassador Program bridge the continuity gap from year to year by providing a comprehensive roadmap of the responsibilities Ag Ambassadors take on year to year. The program of work for Ag Ambassadors that was developed through this project will help the future generations of ambassadors continue the long standing traditions and legacies of the Ag Ambassadors, which has been a premier program at Cal Poly since 1989. The program of work has been designed to mold and change as the program grows, or changes are made to university procedures. With this program of work, students and advisors will be able to fully understand the scope of work intended for the Ag Ambassadors

Challenge Course Effectiveness: The Impact on Leadership Efficacy and Work Efficacy Among College Students

Challenge courses have become increasingly popular in recent years. Many groups are turning to half-day challenge courses due to time and financial constraints. Yet, few studies have quantified the benefits of a half-day course. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of participation in a four-hour challenge course on leadership efficacy and work efficacy of college students. Pretest, posttest, and follow-up questionnaires were utilized. T-test analyses found that participating in a challenge course has a significant positive effect on increasing one’s leadership and work efficacy from pretest to posttest, after participation in a four-hour challenge course. This research also demonstrates that increased levels of the participants’ self-efficacy remained six weeks after the completion of the challenge course

First Aid Skills of Pre-Service Physical Education Teachers at Batangas State University

Background: The researchers believe acquiring knowledge and first aid skills can improve the instruction of Physical Education. Thus, no matter how proactive a teacher can be, there will be possibilities that an unnecessary situation may occur because it is movement education. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the first aid skills of pre-service physical education teachers at Batangas State University. Specifically, the study determined the respondents' extent of manifestation of competencies in providing first aid skill components as assessed by the instructors and students, along with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, management of bleeding, and fracture. The study also compares the responses of the two groups of respondents. The issues and challenges in developing first aid skills were also ascertained to propose training activities to intensify students' skills and competencies. Methods: This study used descriptive research and a researcher-made questionnaire to gather data from 186 participants, including 159 physical education students and 27 teachers from Batangas State University during the 2021-2022 academic year. Results: The study found that students had moderate competency in applying CPR, recognizing victim situations, and performing two rescue breaths correctly. Similarly, students had moderate competency in managing bleeding and identifying fracture types. However, the two groups of respondents had no significant difference in competency. The biggest challenge identified by students was the need for more training and workshops related to first aid, while linguistic barriers and inconsistent training were less significant challenges. Conclusion: The findings show that Bachelor of Physical Education students greatly manifest first aid skills in CPR, managing bleeding, and treating fractures but need improvements in specific competencies. There was no significant difference in the assessment between the two groups of respondents. However, attendance to training and workshops was the primary issue and challenge in developing the first aid skills of BPEd students

importance of espresso coffee machine parameters on the extraction of chlorogenic acids in a certified italian espresso by using spe hplc dad

Chlorogenic acids (CGA) are a group of phenolic acid derivatives, which are commonly found in coffee at concentrations reaching 0.1-0.2%. A method based on high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) is proposed for the simultaneous determination of three chlorogenic acids, i.e. 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA), in time portions of espresso coffee. Two different espresso coffee machines working with different pressure and temperature curves, and two different blends (i.e. Arabica and Robusta) were used. The method presents good linearities (correlation coefficient greater than 0.99) and recoveries (in the range 67-99%) for the 3 chlorogenic acids. The concentration of total CGAs in a cup of Certified Italian Espresso ranged from 1522.5 to 2223.4 mg kg-1 and CGA isomer contents were, in decreasing order, 5-CQA &gt; 3-CQA &gt; 3,5-diCQA. The concentration of total chlorogenic acids was higher in Espresso coffee (EC) prepared with Aurelia machine rather than with Leva; Arabica blend possessed higher level ot total chlorogenic acids than Robusta samples. </p