Intervention

Nicaragua’s cases brought a great contribution to the law on intervention. They clarified some of its characteristics, the most important of which relating to the statutory nature of intervention: thus, the admissibility of these proceedings is not dependent upon the consent of the Parties, but on the fulfilment of the conditions established by the Statute. Though the Court took many years to acknowledge this fundamental aspect, its case-law seems now stabilized—at least as a matter of principle. The same cannot be said about the substantive conditions for admissibility of intervention: absent any real attempt from the Court to define the concept of ‘interest of a legal nature which may be affected’, the admission of intervention under Article 62 is still highly circumstantial. These ambiguities also durably impacted the consequences of intervention. The Court firmly maintains a peremptory distinction between intervention as a party and intervention as a non-party, but it also deprives it of any prospect of clarification, since it has never admitted intervention as a party. This emphatic insistence does not help clarifying the status of the intervener, nor does it stimulate the reflection upon its procedural rights and obligations

Unified approach to study quantum properties of primordial black holes, wormholes and of quantum cosmology

We review the anomaly induced effective action for dilaton coupled spinors and scalars in large N and s-wave approximation. It may be applied to study the following fundamental problems: construction of quantum corrected black holes (BHs), inducing of primordial wormholes in the early Universe (this effect is confirmed) and the solution of initial singularity problem. The recently discovered anti-evaporation of multiple horizon BHs is discussed. The existance of such primordial BHs may be interpreted as SUSY manifestation. Quantum corrections to BHs thermodynamics maybe also discussed within such scheme.Comment: LaTeX file and two eps files, to appear in MPLA, Brief Review

(Non) singular Kantowski-Sachs Universe from quantum spherically reduced matter

Using s-wave and large N approximation the one-loop effective action for 2d dilaton coupled scalars and spinors which are obtained by spherical reduction of 4d minimal matter is found. Quantum effective equations for reduced Einstein gravity are written. Their analytical solutions corresponding to 4d Kantowski-Sachs (KS) Universe are presented. For quantum-corrected Einstein gravity we get non-singular KS cosmology which represents 1) quantum-corrected KS cosmology which existed on classical level or 2)purely quantum solution which had no classical limit. The analogy with Nariai BH is briefly mentioned. For purely induced gravity (no Einstein term) we found general analytical solution but all KS cosmologies under discussion are singular. The corresponding equations of motion are reformulated as classical mechanics problem of motion of unit mass particle in some potential V.Comment: LaTeX file, 16 pages, a few misprints are correcte

Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) Testing in Liquid Oxygen (LOX)

The measured Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) levels in liquid oxygen (LOX) systems at Stennis Space Center (SSC) have shown wide variations. Examples of these variations include the following: 1) differences between vendor-supplied THC values and those obtained using standard SSC analysis procedures; and 2) increasing THC values over time at an active SSC test stand in both storage and run vessels. A detailed analysis of LOX sampling techniques, analytical instrumentation, and sampling procedures will be presented. Additional data obtained on LOX system operations and LOX delivery trailer THC values during the past 12-24 months will also be discussed. Field test results showing THC levels and the distribution of the THC's in the test stand run tank, modified for THC analysis via dip tubes, will be presented

Localization of the 16S mitochondrial rRNA in the nucleus of mammalian spermatogenic cells

Indexación: Scopus.Amplification of RNA from human sperm heads yielded a fragment of 435 bp that shares 100% identity with a central region of the 16S mitochondrial rRNA. The nuclear localization in the sperm of the mitochondrial RNA was confirmed by in-situ hybridization. These results, together with the localization of the 16S mitochondrial rRNA in mouse sperm, are the first demonstration that the organelle transcript is a normal component of the mammalian gamete. The possibility that the nuclear mitochondrial RNA arises from nuclear transcription of a mitochondrial pseudogene was ruled out. To determine when during spermatogenesis the mitochondrial RNA is localized in the nucleus, in-situ hybridization of mouse and human testis was carried out. The nuclei of spermatogonia, spermatocytes and round and elongated spermatids were all positively stained. In human spermatocytes, the nuclear staining pattern was fibrillar, suggesting an association of the mitochondrial transcript with the meiotic chromosomes. These results indicate that early in spermatogenesis and before the onset of meiosis, the 16S mitochondrial rRNA is localized in the nucleus of spermatogenic cells, suggesting a process of translocation of the transcript from the mitochondria.https://academic.oup.com/molehr/article/8/11/977/105777

Minisuperspace Examples of Quantization Using Canonical Variables of the Ashtekar Type: Structure and Solutions

The Ashtekar variables have been use to find a number of exact solutions in quantum gravity and quantum cosmology. We investigate the origin of these solutions in the context of a number of canonical transformations (both complex and real) of the basic Hamiltonian variables of general relativity. We are able to present several new solutions in the minisuperspace (quantum cosmology) sector. The meaning of these solutions is then discussed.Comment: 23 pages, latex, 3 figures (uuencoded, separate file

Experiencia peruana sobre el flujograma de diagnóstico del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana: Peruvian experience on the human immunodeficiency virus diagnostic flowchart

Mr Editor:The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) proposed as a goal that the countries reach 95-95-95 by the year 2030, in other words, that 95% of people living with HIV (PLH) are diagnosed and of these that 95% receive antiretroviral treatment (ART) and at least 95% have undetectable viral load or viral suppression.Sr. Editor:El Programa Conjunto de las Naciones Unidas sobre el VIH/Sida (ONUSIDA) propuso como meta que los países alcancen para el año 2030 el 95-95-95, es decir que un 95% de personas viviendo con VIH (PVV) estén diagnosticadas y de éstas que el 95% reciban tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR) y al menos el 95% tengan carga viral indetectable o supresión viral

Identificação de um polimorfismo de única base no gene rap-1 de Babesia bovis.

Babesia bovis provoca um grave quadro de anemia hemolítica em bovinos, resultando em grandes prejuízos devido à mortalidade, abortos, redução de fertilidade e queda da produção de carne e leite. O gene RAP-1 (Rhoptry-associated protein)1 de Babesia bovis codifica uma proteína de 60 KDa, que é reconhecida por anticorpos e linfócitos T de bovinos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a presença de polimorfismos no gene RAP-1 de Babesia bovis amplificado de material proveniente de búfalos infectados. Parte do gene RAP-1 de B. bovis foi amplificado por Nested-PCR. Foram sequenciadas amostras de quatro búfalos e de um bovino para que se pudesse comparar as sequências obtidas nestas espécies. As reações de seqüenciamento foram realizadas utilizando o Kit ABI PRISM® Big Dye terminator v. 3.1 cycle sequencing da Applied Biosystem. Os eletroferogramas gerados pelo seqüenciador ABI 3100 foram submetidos à análise de qualidade pelo programa Phred, que atribui um valor de qualidade a cada nucleotídeo identificado. Em seguida, foram submetidos ao programa de montagem Phrap que agrupa as sequências organizando-as em contigs. A visualização das sequências geradas e, conseqüentemente, dos SNPs foi realizada através do programa Consed. Não foi encontrada diferença entre a sequência de B. bovis isolada de bovino e as dos isolados de búfalos, no entanto, em relação à sequência depositada no banco de dados NCBI (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), foi encontrado um polimorfismo de única base (SNP) G/A no nucleotídeo 688. Verificou-se que este polimorfismo também estava presente na amostra obtida de bovino, pois o segmento do gene RAP-1 do isolado de bovino apresentou genótipo heterozigoto AG . Três isolados de búfalos também apresentaram o genótipo AG para este polimorfismo. O SNP identificado neste trabalho não está depositado no NCBI