„Ihr seid krank!“ - „Ihr seid schon jetzt alle Gewinner!“

Neulich, nachts beim Zappen, stieß ich zufällig auf eine Show, die mich zuerst ein wenig ungläubig staunen ließ, dann aber sofort fesselte: Es war eine Art „Deutschland sucht den Superstar“-Show, die mich, anders als die gewohnten langweiligen, aalglatten, aber offenbar populären Shows, nach der ersten Verblüffung vollkommen faszinierte. Alle Show-Kandidaten sind geistig Behinderte, die, gemeinsam mit Christoph Schlingensief, voll Begeisterung, Engagement und mit sichtlich größtem Vergnügen eine Superstar-Show inszenierten, samt Jury, diskutierendem Presseclub, politischem Streitgespräch und Tonstudio – in jeweils passender Kostümierung. Ich muss zugeben, dass ich bei dieser Sendung einen Lernprozess durchmachte, wofür ich nun Schlingensief und den geistig behinderten Superstar-Aspiranten dankbar bin

Hourly and seasonal variation in photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of soybean grown at future CO2 and ozone concentrations for three years under fully open air conditions.

published or submitted for publicatio

Diagnosis of Metal Hypersensitivity in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report

Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions are considered infrequent complications in arthroplasty, but have been recognized to be associated with devastating morbidity and substantial decrease in quality of life of affected patients. Chronic inflammation of artificial joints and associated loss of peri-implant bone often require revision surgery. Methods for the diagnosis of implant-related DTH are available but infrequently considered to the full extent. Sequential diagnostics based on exclusion of septic complications, local and systemic metal level determination, lymphocyte transformation testing (LTT), and local T cell subset analysis are required for an unequivocal DTH diagnosis. Here, we report on a patient with a history of chronic rheumatoid arthritis and an unfavorable outcome of unilateral knee arthroplasty. This case illustrates pitfalls and difficulties in the course of recurrent inflammation following joint replacement. In the early course, suspicion of low-grade bacterial infection led to three two-stage revisions. Afterwards, the joint was proven to be sterile. However, metal level quantification revealed release of especially cobalt and chromium from the joint, LTT indicated persisting cobalt and nickel sensitization and subset analysis of T cells from the synovium suggested DTH as a root cause for the inflammatory symptoms. This report aims to recommend the depicted diagnostic algorithm as an adequate tool for future DTH detection. Yet, systemic to local subset ratios for effector memory and regulatory T cells should be derived from sufficient patient numbers to establish it as a diagnostic marker. Moreover, future prospects regarding implant-related DTH diagnostics are discussed. Therapeutic options for the portrayed patient are proposed, considering pharmaceutical, cell-therapeutic and surgical aspects. Patients who experience peri-implant inflammation but do not have obvious mechanical or infectious problems remain a diagnostic challenge and are at high risk of being treated inadequately. Since potentially sensitizing materials are regularly used in arthroplasty, it is essential to detect cases of acute DTH-derived inflammation of an artificial joint at early postoperative stages. This would reduce the severity of inflammation-related long-term consequences for affected patients and may avoid unnecessary revision surgery

Will photosynthesis of maize (Zea mays) in the US corn belt increase in future [CO2] rich atmospheres? An analysis of diurnal courses of [CO2] uptake under Free-Air Concentration Enrichmnent (FACE).

published or submitted for publicatio

An?lisis de los factores que influyen para el no uso de las competencias TIC en el desarrollo profesional docente de la instituci?n educativa Ismael Perdomo de Cajamarca, cuyo ?nfasis es en tegnolog?a e inform?tica

82 p. Recurso Electr?nicoPara identificar los factores que influyen para que los docentes de una Instituci?n Educativa con ?nfasis en tecnolog?a e inform?tica no usen ni apropien las competencias TIC en el desarrollo profesional docente y no involucren las TIC en el proceso de ense?anza ? aprendizaje, es importante conocer el contexto en el cual se desempe?a el docente, los directivos docentes y los estudiantes, por tal raz?n se adelant? una investigaci?n en una IE del Tolima para obtener una muestra y poder analizar las causas del uso o no uso de las TIC, saber que tanto conocen las herramientas tecnol?gicas y si es transversal el uso de las mismas en las diferentes ?reas del saber. Cuando un docente es consciente de las competencias TIC que debe desarrollar en el aula de clase podr? determinar si es un docente innovador, integrador o explorador de las TIC, desde esta perspectiva las competencias propuestas para el desarrollo de la innovaci?n educativa apoyada por TIC son: tecnol?gica, comunicativa, pedag?gica, investigativa y de gesti?n. Es importante resaltar que de las competencias TIC para el desarrollo de la formaci?n docente analizadas, la de mejor desempe?o es la pedag?gica y la de menor desempe?o es la de gesti?n, mientras que en un porcentaje medio esta la competencia tecnol?gica, por tal raz?n encontramos aun muchos miedos o prejuicios para el uso de las TIC en el aula de clase, debido a esto se deben realizar procesos de formaci?n que abarquen todas las competencias desde una base practica y t?cnica en el manejo de herramientas TIC de uso educativo, comprendiendo que un proceso posee varias etapas y por tanto se podr? llegar al ideal con capacitaciones b?sicas, sino con un programa que vaya articulado para ir profundizando en los diferentes niveles de competencia requeridos para el desempe?o profesional del docente en el mundo actual.In order to identify the factors that influence the teachers of an Educational Institution with an emphasis on technology and informatics do not use nor appropriate the TIC competences in professional teacher development and do not involve ICT in the teaching - learning process, it is important to know the context In which the teacher, the teaching directors and the students work. For this reason, an investigation was carried out in an IE of Tolima to obtain a sample and to be able to analyze the causes of the use or not use of the TIC, to know that both the Technological tools and if it is transversal the use of the same in the different areas of knowledge. When a teacher is aware of the TIC competences that he / she must develop in the classroom, he / she will be able to determine if he / she is an innovative teacher, integrator or explorer of the TIC, from this perspective the proposed competences for the development of educational innovation supported by TIC are: Technological, communicative, pedagogical, research and management. It is important to emphasize that of the TIC competences for the development of teacher training analyzed, the one with the best performance is the pedagogical one and the one with the lowest performance is the one of management, whereas in an average percentage this is the technological competence, for that reason we still find Many fears or prejudices for the use of TIC in the classroom, due to this must be carried out training processes that cover all skills from a practical and technical basis in the management of TIC tools for educational use, understanding that a process Has several stages and therefore the ideal can be reached with basic training, but with a program that is articulated to go deeper into the different levels of competence required for the professional performance of teachers in today's world. Key words: Appropriateness, TIC skills, teacher training, Technology, communication, management, pedagogy, research, ICT exploration, TIC integratio

The Allergic Bone Marrow? The Immuno-Capacity of the Human Bone Marrow in Context of Metal-Associated Hypersensitivity Reactions

Arthroplasty ranks among the greatest achievements of surgical medicine, with total hip replacement termed "the operation of the century." Despite its wide success, arthroplasty bears risks, such as local reactions to implant derived wear and corrosion products. Prevalence of allergies across Western society increases and along the number of reported hypersensitivity reactions to orthopedic implant materials. In this context the main focus is on delayed hypersensitivity (DTH). This mechanism is mainly attributed to T cells and an overreaction of the adaptive immune system. Arthroplasty implant materials are in direct contact with bone marrow (BM), which is discussed as a secondary lymphoid organ. However, the mechanisms of sensitization toward implant wear remain elusive. Nickel and cobalt ions can form haptens with native peptides to activate immune cell receptors and are therefore common T helper allergens in cutaneous DTH. The rising prevalence of metal-related allergy in the general population and evidence for the immune-modulating function of BM allow for the assumption hypersensitivity reactions could occur in peri-implant BM. There is evidence that pro-inflammatory factors released during DTH reactions enhance osteoclast activity and inhibit osteoblast function, an imbalance characteristic for osteolysis. Even though some mechanisms are understood, hypersensitivity has remained a diagnosis of exclusion. This review aims to summarize current views on the pathomechanism of DTH in arthroplasty with emphasis on BM and discusses recent advances and future directions for basic research and clinical diagnostics