Mountain Pastures Structure and Its Relationship with Grazing

The present work aims toward an approach to mountain pastures as a system of relationships in which it is needed to point out those environmental factors that reflect more clearly their structure and potential productivity. This initial step of pasture tipification is important as a previous activity before the planning and management of protected areas because these areas support an intensive pastoral activity. In order to achieve this objective a field study was conducted in two areas in the Gorbeia Natural Park (Bizkaia): Arraba and Aldamiñape, located at 900-1100 masl. In each pasture four plots were selected according to orientation (north/south) and slope (\u3c 10%/\u3e 10%), and botanical composition and potential yield determined, as well as the pasture rejected by the livestock at three different times (June-August-November). Besides the herbage biomass yield data were related to grass height. It is observed that the topographical factors studied do not have a clear effect on potential yield at the different areas; however, there is a clear seasonality, being august the period with the highest herbage biomass production. Analyzing the data of herbage rejected by the livestock it is noted a differential livestock distribution on the pasture through the grazing time, being the area of Aldamiñape facing north and with \u3e 10% slope the area with the highest grazing pressure, which in turn is the area with a highest cover degree by Agrostis curtisii, an species of low nutritional value

Neanderthal teeth from Lezetxiki (Arrasate, Iberian Peninsula): New insights and reassessment

Objectives: We reassess the taxonomic assignment and stratigraphic context of a permanent upper first molar and a permanent lower third premolar recovered from the archeological site of Lezetxiki in the North of the Iberian Peninsula. Materials and Methods: We assessed the external and internal morphology of the teeth using qualitative descriptions, crown diameters, dental tissue proportions, and geometric morphometrics. The teeth from Lezetxiki were compared with Middle Pleistocene specimens, Neanderthals, Upper Paleolithic modern humans, and recent modern humans. Results: Both teeth were consistent with a Neanderthal classification. The upper first molar shows taurodontism, and its cusp proportions and overall morphology match those of Neanderthals. Geometric morphometric analyses of occlusal anatomy classify this molar as a Neanderthal with a posterior probability of 76%. The lower third premolar, which was originally classified as a lower fourth premolar, also shows a Neanderthal morphology. This premolar is classified as a Neanderthal with a posterior probability of 60%. Discussion: These teeth represent the only adult Neanderthal teeth from the Western Pyrenees region found to date. The teeth were found at a stratigraphic level (designated Level III) that marks the transition level from Mousterian to Aurignacian, and are among the most recent Neanderthal remains from the north of the Iberian Peninsula

ZONACIÓN DE LA VEGETACIÓN HALÓFILA A LO LARGO DE UN GRADIENTE DE EXPOSICIÓN MAREAL Y PROCESOS ASOCIADOS

The zonation of vegetation in the salt-marsh of Mundaka-Gemika (Bay of Biscay, N. Spain) is studied along a small scale topographic gradient. Species distribution appears closely linked to abiotic factors deriving from topographical level, such as organic matter, pH, moisture and conductivity. The redox potential and the compactness of the soil vary in other ways, thus increasing the heterogeneity of the habitat. There is a critica1 elevation, close to MHW level, after which coexistence processes give way to dominance by the best equipped species. A model of the zonation is given. In this model the degree of overlap decreases towards the top area, where there is competitive exclusion and segregation of interior species to the most exposed area. It can not be concluded that the marked segregation of the species along the gradient is exclusively due to physiological requirements of the plants. Tidal dispersal probably plays an important role on the distributional pattem of the annual species Salicornia and Suaeda, but a minor role on the species with vegetative expansion, Spartina maritima, Arthrocnemum perenne, Halimioneportulacoides, and Arthrocnemumfr.uticosum. Plant zonation can only be explained bearing in mind associated processes such as physical disturbance and interspecific competition. As other authors found in higher latitudes, these processes will need to be considered in relation to edaphic factors in elucidating the underlying mechanisms of salt marsh plant zonation. Experimental work in field and laboratory is needed to determine the niche position of each species in the salt marshes in this part of the Atlantic Coast.Se ha estudiado la zonación de la vegetación a lo largo de un gradiente topográfico a pequeña escala en la marisma de Mundaka-Gemika (Norte de España, Golfo de Vizcaya). La distribución de las especies aparece estrechamente ligada a los factores derivados de la topografía, como son la materia orgánica, el pH, la humedad y la conductividad. El potencial redox y la compactación del suelo varían independientemente, aumentando la heterogeneidad del hábitat. La altura media de las pleamares es el nivel a partir del cual los procesos de coexistencia dan paso a la dominancia de las especies competidoras. Se plantea un modelo de zonación. En este modelo, el grado de solapamiento disminuye hacia tierra adentro, donde se produce una competencia y una segregación de las especies inferiores hacia los lugares más expuestos. No se puede concluir que la marcada segregación de las especies a lo largo del gradiente sea debida exclusivamente a los requerimientos fisiológicos de las plantas. La dispersión mareal juega probablemente un importante papel en la distribución de las anuales Salicornia y Suaeda, pero escaso en las especies con crecimiento vegetativo, Spartina maritima, Arthrocnemum perenne, Halimione portuhcoides, y Arthiocnemum fruticosum. La zonación de las plantas debe ser explicada teniendo en cuenta procesos asociados como la perturbación física y la competencia interespecífica, que deben ser considerados en relación con los factores edáficos, para explicar los mecanismos subyacentes de tal zonación. Es necesario el trabajo en el campo y en el laboratorio para determinar el nicho de estas especies en las marismas de esta parte de la Costa Atlántica

CD30-positive primary cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders: molecular alterations and targeted therapies

Primary cutaneous CD30-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders are the second most common subgroup of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. They include two clinically different entities with some overlapping features and borderline cases: lymphomatoid papulosis and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Molecular studies of primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma reveal an increasing level of heterogeneity that is associated with histological and immunophenotypic features of the cases and their response to specific therapies. Here, we review the most significant genetic, epigenetic and molecular alterations described to date in primary cutaneous CD30-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, and their potential as therapeutic targets

Neanderthal teeth from Lezetxiki (Arrasate, Iberian Peninsula): New insights and reassessment

Objectives We reassess the taxonomic assignment and stratigraphic context of a permanent upper first molar and a permanent lower third premolar recovered from the archeological site of Lezetxiki in the North of the Iberian Peninsula. Materials and Methods We assessed the external and internal morphology of the teeth using qualitative descriptions, crown diameters, dental tissue proportions, and geometric morphometrics. The teeth from Lezetxiki were compared with Middle Pleistocene specimens, Neanderthals, Upper Paleolithic modern humans, and recent modern humans. Results Both teeth were consistent with a Neanderthal classification. The upper first molar shows taurodontism, and its cusp proportions and overall morphology match those of Neanderthals. Geometric morphometric analyses of occlusal anatomy classify this molar as a Neanderthal with a posterior probability of 76%. The lower third premolar, which was originally classified as a lower fourth premolar, also shows a Neanderthal morphology. This premolar is classified as a Neanderthal with a posterior probability of 60%. Discussion These teeth represent the only adult Neanderthal teeth from the Western Pyrenees region found to date. The teeth were found at a stratigraphic level (designated Level III) that marks the transition level from Mousterian to Aurignacian, and are among the most recent Neanderthal remains from the north of the Iberian Peninsula.This work was funded by the Dirección General de Investigación of M.E.C, project number CGL2012-38434-C03-03 and MICINN PID202-1-122355N-B-C32; 2017 SGR 1630 Grup de recerca en Antropologia Biològica (GREAB), 2017 SGR 1040 Social, cultural and biological Evolution during the Pleistocene (StEP), and 2021 SGR 01239 of the Generalitat de Catalunya; and 2019 PFR-URV-91 and 22017 Research Groups. This study also received support from the French government in the framework of the University of Bordeaux‘s IdEx “Investments for the Future” program/GPR Human Past, and the scientific environmental support of the teams EVODIBIO and EURAPAL from PACEA-UMR5199. DLO was supported by the Basque Governments postdoctoral Fellowship (POS_2019_1_0024) and MSC Actions Individual Fellowship (Project No. 895713)

DUSP22-rearranged anaplastic lymphomas are characterized by specific morphological features and a lack of cytotoxic and JAK/STAT surrogate markers

This work was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competence (MINECO, RTICC ISCIII and CIBERONC) (SAF2013-47416- R, RD06/0020/0107-RD012/0036/0060 and Plan Nacional I+D+I: PI16/01294 and PIE15/0081), AECC and the Madrid Autonomous Community

e-Tourism: a tourist recommendation and planning application

e-Tourism is a tourist recommendation and planning application to assist users on the organization of a leisure and tourist agenda. First, a recommender system offers the user a list of the city places that are likely of interest to the user. This list takes into account the user demographic classification, the user likes in former trips and the preferences for the current visit. Second, a planning module schedules the list of recommended places according to their temporal characteristics as well as the user restrictions; that is the planning system determines how and when to realize the recommended activities. Having the list of recommended activities organized as an agenda (i.e. an executable plan), is a relevant characteristic that most recommender systems lack.This work has been partially funded by Consolider Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-00022 project, by the Spanish Government MICINN TIN2008-6701-C03-01 project and by the Valencian Government GVPRE/2008/384 project. We thank J. Benton for having provided us with the system Sapa to execute our experiments.Sebastiá Tarín, L.; García García, I.; Onaindia De La Rivaherrera, E.; Gúzman Álvarez, CA. (2009). e-Tourism: a tourist recommendation and planning application. International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools. 18(5):717-738. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218213009000378S71773818

A Better-response Strategy for Self-interested Planning Agents

[EN] When self-interested agents plan individually, interactions that prevent them from executing their actions as planned may arise. In these coordination problems, game-theoretic planning can be used to enhance the agents¿ strategic behavior considering the interactions as part of the agents¿ utility. In this work, we define a general-sum game in which interactions such as conflicts and congestions are reflected in the agents¿ utility. We propose a better-response planning strategy that guarantees convergence to an equilibrium joint plan by imposing a tax to agents involved in conflicts. We apply our approach to a real-world problem in which agents are Electric Autonomous Vehicles (EAVs). The EAVs intend to find a joint plan that ensures their individual goals are achievable in a transportation scenario where congestion and conflicting situations may arise. Although the task is computationally hard, as we theoretically prove, the experimental results show that our approach outperforms similar approaches in both performance and solution quality.This work is supported by the GLASS project TIN2014-55637-C2-2-R of the Spanish MINECO and the Prometeo project II/2013/019 funded by the Valencian Government.Jordán, J.; Torreño Lerma, A.; De Weerdt, M.; Onaindia De La Rivaherrera, E. (2018). A Better-response Strategy for Self-interested Planning Agents. Applied Intelligence. 48(4):1020-1040. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-017-1046-5S10201040484Aghighi M, Bäckström C (2016) A multi-parameter complexity analysis of cost-optimal and net-benefit planning. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth International Conference on International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling. AAAI Press, London, pp 2–10Bercher P, Mattmüller R (2008) A planning graph heuristic for forward-chaining adversarial planning. 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