Estudio Electromiográfico del Músculo Masetero tras Cirugía de Tercer Molar Inferior

Alves, N (Alves, Nilton)Univ Talca, Fac Ciencias Salud, Unidad Anat Normal, Talca, ChileThird molar extraction surgery is one of the most frequently performed procedures in the areas of buccal-maxillofacial traumatology and surgery. The post-surgery evolution was evaluated based on the clinical evidence obtained so far. The objective of this study was to analyze the post-surgery clinical evolution of the masseter muscle by means of surface electromyography, to evaluate muscle activity. Four analyses were performed: one pre-surgery, to register the normal activity, and three in post-surgery: on the 7(th), 14(th) and 21(st) postoperative days, in a sample of 30 patients. On the 21(st) day, there was near normal recovery of the electrical signal of the masseter in women, but in men this activity did not reach normal levels. Surface electromyography is a safe and reliable tool for post-surgery evolution control of masseter function

The Bose-Hubbard model is QMA-complete

The Bose-Hubbard model is a system of interacting bosons that live on the vertices of a graph. The particles can move between adjacent vertices and experience a repulsive on-site interaction. The Hamiltonian is determined by a choice of graph that specifies the geometry in which the particles move and interact. We prove that approximating the ground energy of the Bose-Hubbard model on a graph at fixed particle number is QMA-complete. In our QMA-hardness proof, we encode the history of an n-qubit computation in the subspace with at most one particle per site (i.e., hard-core bosons). This feature, along with the well-known mapping between hard-core bosons and spin systems, lets us prove a related result for a class of 2-local Hamiltonians defined by graphs that generalizes the XY model. By avoiding the use of perturbation theory in our analysis, we circumvent the need to multiply terms in the Hamiltonian by large coefficients

Entanglement and Quantum Phase Transitions via Adiabatic Quantum Computation

For a finite XY chain and a finite two-dimensional Ising lattice, it is shown that the paramagnetic ground state is adiabatically transformed to the GHZ state in the ferromagnetic phase by slowly turning on the magnetic field. The fidelity between the GHZ state and an adiabatically evolved state shows a feature of the quantum phase transition.Comment: Revise

Effects of positive airway pressure therapy on cardiovascular and metabolic markers in males with obstructive sleep apnea

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with cardiovascular/ metabolic complications. Some analytical parameters (homocysteine, glycemic and lipidic profiles) are recognized markers of these consequences. Limited data is available on the association of these markers and OSAS’s severity/response to positive airway pressure therapy (PAP). Material and methods: In this prospective study we analyzed polysomnographic and analytical data of male patients admitted to sleep laboratory. The aim was to evaluate metabolic/cardiovascular markers in snorers and OSAS patients, to relate with sleep parameters and PAP response. One-hundred and three patients were included, and 73 (71%) were OSAS patients. OSAS patients were similar to snorers except for higher body mass index (BMI) and dyslipidemia. Severe OSAS patients showed higher glycemia, HbA1c, insulin, and insulin resistance, and lower HDL cholesterol in comparison to mild---moderate (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.05, respectively). Glycemic profile and triglycerides were slightly correlated with OSAS severity. 46 OSAS patients were submitted to 6 months of PAP, with a statistical decrease in mean values of homocysteine, glycemia, total and LDL cholesterol(p < 0.05, p < 0.05, p < 0.05, respectively), and in glycemia and LDL cholesterol in severe grouponly (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, respectively).Results: This study demonstrated an association between glucose metabolism parameters andtriglycerides with OSAS severity underlying the complexity of the process leading to cardiovas-cular/metabolic complications in this disorder. Moreover, homocysteine, glycemic and lipidicprofiles changed significantly after 6 months of PAP therapy in OSAS, supporting its cardiovas-cular and metabolic protective effect.Conclusion: Our study has reinforced the importance of analytical cardiovascular/metabolicevaluation as complementary tool of diagnosis/treatment response in OSAS.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

NEW SEISMIC SOURCE ZONE MODEL FOR PORTUGAL AND AZORES

The development of seismogenic source models is one of the first steps in seismic hazard assessment. In seismic hazard terminology, seismic source zones (SSZ) are polygons (or volumes) that delineate areas with homogeneous characteristics of seismicity. The importance of using knowledge on geology, seismicity and tectonics in the definition of source zones has been recognized for a long time [1]. However, the definition of SSZ tends to be subjective and controversial. Using SSZ based on broad geology, by spreading the seismicity clusters throughout the areal extent of a zone, provides a way to account for possible long-term non-stationary seismicity behavior [2,3]. This approach effectively increases seismicity rates in regions with no significant historical or instrumental seismicity, while decreasing seismicity rates in regions that display higher rates of seismicity. In contrast, the use of SSZ based on concentrations of seismicity or spatial smoothing results in stationary behavior [4]. In the FP7 Project SHARE (Seismic Hazard Harmonization in Europe), seismic hazard will be assessed with a logic tree approach that allows for three types of branches for seismicity models: a) smoothed seismicity, b) SSZ, c) SSZ and faults. In this context, a large-scale zonation model for use in the smoothed seismicity branch, and a new consensus SSZ model for Portugal and Azores have been developed. The new models were achieved with the participation of regional experts by combining and adapting existing models and incorporating new regional knowledge of the earthquake potential. The main criteria used for delineating the SSZ include distribution of seismicity, broad geological architecture, crustal characteristics (oceanic versus continental, tectonically active versus stable, etc.), historical catalogue completeness, and the characteristics of active or potentially-active faults. This model will be integrated into an Iberian model of SSZ to be used in the Project SHARE seismic hazard assessment

Evaluation of passiflora seedlings as a function of substrate and tray type

This paper describes the use of two types of styrofoam trays and four different substrates. The efficiency of different substrates and tray types in passionflora (Passiflora edulis var.flavicarpa) seed germination and seedling growth were analysed. The results indicated that both tray types tested are adequate for passionflora germination and seedling growth. Nevertheless the 72 cell tray type had a statistically better performance than the 128 ceU tray type. Substrate III (sand; vermiculite; dung; 1:1:1, supplemented with 10 Kg/m³ simple superphosphate, 6 Kg/m³ potassium chloride, 2 Kg/m³ urea and 8 Kg/m³ Ume) and substrate Plantmax were used in the cells. Both substrates had a superior performance in relation to substrates number I and II.A utilização de bandejas de isopor na produção de mudas de hortaliças e frutíferas vem aumentando em nosso pais, devido às vantagens que esse método apresenta: economia de substrato e de área de viveiro, menor custo no controle de pragas e doenças, produção de mudas de alta qualidade e alto índice de pegamento após o transplante. No caso do maracujazeiro (Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa), o transplante de mudas é uma prática bastante utilizada para sua propagação. A ocorrência de traumatismos na raiz durante esta fase é significativa, influindo negativamente no desenvolvimento posterior das mudas. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a produção de mudas de maracujá em bandejas de isopor, comparando a eficiência de quatro substratos diferentes e dois tipos de bandejas na germinação e desenvolvimento das mudas. Conclui-se que o método de produção de mudas de maracujazeiro em bandejas é eficiente, resultando em mudas de alta qualidade, com elevada porcentagem de pegamento. Verificou-se também que na bandeja de 72 células e nos substratos Plantmax e substrato III (areia: vermiculita: estéreo; 1:1:1, suplementado com 10 Kg/m³ de superfosfato simples, 6 Kg/m³ de cloreto de potássio, 2 Kg/m³ de uréia e 8 Kg/m³ de calcário houve maior porcentagem de germinação e adequado desenvolvimento das mudas

Determinação de metodologia para oisolamento de protoplastos de tangerina Cleópatra (Citrus reshni Hort.)

A hibridação somática via fusão de protoplastos vem sendo utilizada no melhoramento de porta-enxertos de citros em diversos países. Nos Estados Unidos, vários estudos demonstram a eficiência de procedimentos no isolamento e cultivo de protoplastos dessa frutífera. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do meio de cultivo de calos embriogênicos do porta-enxerto tangerina Cleópatra (Citrus reshni Hort.) sobre o isolamento de protoplastos, bem como sugerir alterações de procedimento. Os resultados mostram a possibilidade do isolamento de 1.4 x 10(6) a 4.7 x 10(6) protoplastos por grama de calos da espécie estudada. Verificou-se que, o subcultivo dos calos de tangerina Cleópatra em meio de cultura, sem reguladores 1 hora, sob condições de escuro a 120 rpm, proporcionou maior eficiência de isolamento de protoplastos (4.7 x 10(6) protoplastos/g de calo).Somatic hybridization has been used for citrus rootstock breeding in many countries. In USA, many reports had proved the efficiency of procedures for the isolation and culture of citrus protoplasts. This research was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of procedures of protoplast isolation using embryogenic callus of the Cleópatra mandarin rootstock. Alterations were proposed to increase protoplast isolation and culture method. Results show the possibility of a protoplast yield of 1.4 to 4.7 x 10(6) pps/g.f.w. for Cleópatra tangerine rootstock callus. Protoplast yield can be raised to 4.7 x 10(6) pps/g.f.w. if the embryogenic callus are grown in a medium supplemented only with 4% sucrose and pre-treated with 1% w/v macerozyme for 1 hour, at 120 rpm, in dark, is applied before protoplast isolation

Bioactivity of Methanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Laurus nobilis L. from Different Origins

Laurus nobilis L. (Laureaceae), commonly known as laurel, is a native plant from the Mediterranean region. Most widely used as culinary spice, it is also consumed as infusion to treat some gastrointestinal problems (Dall’Acqua et al., 2009) and has been reported as a rich source of bioactive compounds namely, essential oils and phenolic compounds (Dadalioğlu et al., 2004; Dias et al., 2013). In the present work, methanolic and aqueous extracts of wild and cultivated L. nobilis were studied for their in vitro antitumor (against five different human tumor cell lines) and antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) activities. Furthermore, a two-dimensional principal component analysis (PCA) was used to understand how each extract act differentially towards specific bacterial and fungal species, and also selected human tumor cell lines. Both assayed factors, origin (wild or cultivated) and extract type (methanolic or aqueous) act in a differentiated manner; i.e., the same evaluated parameter gave sometimes statistically significant differences regarding laurel origin, but no effect at all from extract type, or vice versa. Nevertheless, the extract type induced the most marked changes in bioactivity of laurel samples. From the PCA biplot, it became clear that wild samples were more effective to inhibit tumor cell lines growth, especially HeLa, MCF7, NCI-H460 and HCT15. It was also observed that methanolic extracts tended to have higher antimicrobial activity, except for Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus. fumigatus and Penicillium verrucosum. The differences in bioactivity might be related to the higher phenolic compounds content (flavonols, flavones and even, total phenolic compounds) presented by methanolic extracts,. The most interesting finding in this work was the bioactive specificity of each laurel extract, considering its wild or cultivated origin. Moreover, from the PCA biplot obtained is possible to choose the combination extract type/origin with potentially highest effect against determined bacteria, fungi or tumor cell line, depending on the objective of the study.FCT for financial support, CIMO (strategic project PEst-OE/AGR/UI0690/2011), REQIMTE (PEst-C/EQB/LA0006/2011), M.I. Dias (SFRH/BD/84485/2012), R.C. Calhelha (SFRH/BPD/68344/2010) and J.C.M. Barreira (BPD/72802/2010