Mediational role of rumination and reflection on irrational beliefs and distress

© British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies 2019. Background: The cognitive restructuring of maladaptive beliefs within many cognitive behavioural psychotherapies typically encourages the client to undertake self-reflection. However, whilst self-consciousness can aid self-regulation, it is also implicated in a broad Grange of psychopathologies. The extent to which self-consciousness is associated with psychological distress is yet to be fully determined, but recent literature suggests that irrational beliefs, as proposed within rational emotive behaviour theory (REBT) may play an important role.Aims: The aim of the study was to test the mediational effects of self-consciousness, specifically reflection and rumination, on the relationship between irrational beliefs and psychological distress. Based on past research, it was hypothesized that reflection and rumination would mediate the positive relationship between irrational beliefs and psychological distress. We expected irrational beliefs to interact with rumination to positively predict psychological distress, and irrational beliefs to interact with reflection to negatively predict psychological distress.Method: The present research tested a structural equation model (SEM) in which rumination and reflection mediated the relationship between irrational beliefs and psychological distress.Results: Results indicated that rumination mediates the positive relationship between irrational beliefs and psychological distress. However, in contrast to our hypotheses, significant mediation did not emerge for reflection.Conclusions: This study is the first to show how irrational beliefs and rumination interact to predict psychopathology using advanced statistical techniques. However, future research is needed to determine whether similar mediational effects are evident with rational beliefs as opposed to irrational beliefs

Explaining the decline in coronary heart disease mortality in Turkey between 1995 and 2008.

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates have been decreasing in Turkey since the early 1990s. Our study aimed to determine how much of the CHD mortality decrease in Turkey between 1995 and 2008 could be attributed to temporal trends in major risk factors and how much to advances in medical and surgical treatments. METHODS: The validated IMPACT CHD mortality model was used to combine and analyse data on uptake and effectiveness of CHD treatments and risk factor trends in Turkey in adults aged 35-84 years between 1995 and 2008.Data sources were identified, searched and appraised on population, mortality and major CHD risk factors for adults those aged 35-84 years. Official statistics, electronic databases, national registers, surveys and published trials were screened from 1995 onwards. RESULTS: Between 1995 and 2008, coronary heart disease mortality rates in Turkey decreased by 34% in men and 28% in women 35 years and over. This resulted in 35,720 fewer deaths in 2008.Approximately 47% of this mortality decrease was attributed to treatments in individuals (including approximately 16% to secondary prevention, 3% angina treatments, 9% to heart failure treatments, 5% to initial treatments of acute myocardial infarction, and 5% to hypertension treatments) and approximately 42% was attributable to population risk factor reductions (notably blood pressure 29%; smoking 27%; and cholesterol 1%). Adverse trends were seen for obesity and diabetes (potentially increasing mortality by approximately 11% and 14% respectively). The model explained almost 90% of the mortality fall. CONCLUSION: Reduction in major cardiovascular risk factors explained approximately 42% and improvements in medical and surgical treatments explained some 47% of the CHD mortality fall. These findings emphasize the complimentary value of primary prevention and evidence-based medical treatments in controlling coronary heart disease

Role of compliance in Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment : Results of the European Registry on H. pylori management

Peer reviewe

The Turkish version of the Nursing Teamwork Survey: A validity and reliability study

Aim This study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Nursing Teamwork Survey, which was developed to measure the concept of nursing teamwork. Method Performed as a methodological study with a cross-sectional design, the study included 486 bedside nurses in three different types of hospitals in Istanbul. The data were collected using the Nursing Teamwork Survey between October and December 2018. The scale includes five subscales and 33 items. The data were analysed using SPSS 22.0 and LISREL 8.7. Results Nurses' mean age was 29.82 (SD= 7.33). The content validity index of the scale was 0.94. Confirmatory factor analysis conducted on the original form showed that all items fell within the subscales of the original scale and that their factor loads were between 0.48 and 0.91. Following factor analysis, the factor structure of the original scale was valid; however, suggested modifications were applied to improve the results. The obtained goodness-of-fit indices were close to the excellent range according to literature. Cronbach's alpha was 0.95 for the scale. Conclusion The scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring teamwork among nurses

Dataset for "Reformulating Reactivity Design for Data-Efficient Machine Learning"

This dataset contains the Gaussian 16 output files for the dataset of aza-Michael addition reactions used in the publication "Fast Identification of Reactions with Desired Barriers by Reformulating Machine Learning Activation Energies". The structures of the methylamine nucleophile, the 1000 Michael acceptor electrophiles and their 1000 transition states were all optimised at the wB97X-D/def2-TZVP level of theory with the IEFPCM(water) implicit solvent model. Before optimisation all Michael acceptors and transition states were conformationally searched using the MMFF force field in Schrödinger's MacroModel software and the lowest energy conformer was selected for DFT calculation. This dataset also contains the Gaussian 16 output files for the SVWN/def2-SVP single-point energy calculations on the dihydrogen activation catalyst and transition state structures

Factors affecting prevalence of obesity among primary school students in Turkey

Obesity is an energy metabolism disorder which results in the excessive storage of fat and may also lead to physical and psychological problems. Since the 1980s, obesity has drastically increased across all age and socio-economic groups around the world. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the risk factors affecting obesity in students in the age group of 6-15 years. Patients and Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study on 868 students in Bahçelievler elementary school in Zonguldak, Turkey from March to April in 2010. Data was collected using demographic questionary forms and weight-length measurements. Results: The median age was 10.3 ± 2.1; 47.6% of the children were female and 52.4% of them were male. About 70.2% of the students consumed fast food. It was identified that 67.1% of the students in the 6-10-year age group and 32.9% in 11-15-year age group were obese (P = 0.000). The obesity prevalence of children with one or two siblings was higher than the ones with more than two siblings (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The study concluded that there were certain criteria related to development of obesity during a specific period of childhood and taking certain precautions could be effective in preventing it