Possibilities of therapeutic drug monitoring during folic acid supplementation for prevention of neural tube defects

Periconceptional folic acid (FA) supplementation for prevention of neural tube defects (NTD) used around 30 years. The effect of FA using for prevention of NTD expected only in case of folate deficiency. The World Health Organization (WHO) identified biomarkers of folate status. The concentrations of serum and red blood cells folate, plasma concentration of homocysteine have potential for therapeutic drug monitoring during FA supplementation. FA should be intake only if it needed clearly in pregnancy. Pregnant women often exceed the tolerable upper intake level of FA. Maternal excessive intake of FA during pregnancy increases risks of epigenetics effects for offspring. The aim of the practical recommendations is to increase awareness among physicians about the most common causes of folate deficiency, the possibility of routine use of biomarkers of folate status, as therapeutic drug monitoring during FA supplementation for prevention of NTD, in accordance with the data of evidence based medicine and WHO guidelines (2015)

Problems and mechanisms of sustainable development of rural areas (at the example of the Republic of Mordovia)

Sustainable development of rural areas is a priority in today's Russia, as evidenced by the system of regulations adopted in 2010-2015. Measures of government regulation aimed at ensuring food security and improving the living standards of the rural population include activities for the growth and modernization of agricultural production, development of the market of agricultural raw materials and food, as well as expansion and strengthening of the network of rural social infrastructure. These measures which are actively used since 2006, have failed to overcome the crisis processes in most regions, which indicates the need for revision of rural development policy. In the article the need for differentiation of government support in accordance with the typology of rural areas, considering the potential and the level of social, economic and environmental development is argued. The system of indicators and an integrated approach to assessing the sustainability of rural areas are suggested. The proposals for additional measures to support the depressed rural areas are suggested.peer-reviewe

Становление международной политики регулирования Интернет-среды

Стаття розкриває основні положення міжнародного управління Інтернетом та політики регулювання доменних імен. Автор описує процес трасформації політики регулювання доменних імен у управління Інтернетом та процес становлення спеціалізованої міжнародної організації.The article discloses the basic aspects of the regulation policy for domain names and Internet. Author describes the transformation of regulation policy for the domain names and the process of establishing of the specialized international organizations.Статья раскрывает основные положения международного управления Интернетом и политики управления доменными именами. Автор описывает процесс трансформации политики регулирования доменных имен в управление Интернетом и процесс становления специализированной международной организации

Altered lipid metabolism in APC-driven colorectal cancer: the potential for therapeutic intervention

Altered lipid metabolism is a well-recognized feature of solid cancers, including colorectal cancer. In colorectal cancer, upregulation of lipid metabolism contributes to initiation, progression, and metastasis; thus, aberrant lipid metabolism contributes to a poor patient outcome. The inactivating mutation of APC, a vital tumor suppressor in the Wnt signaling pathway, is a key event that occurs early in the majority of colorectal cancer cases. The potential crosstalk between lipid metabolism and APC-driven colorectal cancer is poorly understood. This review collectively highlights and summarizes the limited understanding between mutations in APC and the upregulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and lipid metabolism. The interconnection between APC inactivation and aberrant lipid metabolism activates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling which causes transcriptome, epigenetic, and microbiome changes to promote colorectal cancer initiation and progression. Furthermore, the downstream effects of this collaborative effort between aberrant Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and lipid metabolism are enhanced stemness, cellular proliferation, prooncogenic signaling, and survival. Understanding the mechanistic link between APC inactivation and alterations in lipid metabolism may foster identification of new therapeutic targets to enable development of more efficacious strategies for prevention and/or treatment of colorectal cancer

Gene expression as an indicator of long-term adaptation to physical activity

In order to achieve a high result in the course of sports training, the athlete’s body needs to constantly adapt to larger and larger training loads. Such trainings cause constant changes in the composition and properties of the biological system of the body. The relevance of the study is due to the need to use genetic testing both in sports selection and in sports training of athletes of different disciplines. The purpose of the study is to determine the genotypes that are associated with an increase in the performance and health of an athlete. During the analysis of scholarly researches on the subject some genetic markers affecting a person’s physical abilities were identified. The article also presents the results of scientific research reflecting the mechanisms of adaptation of the body to physical exertion

Ukrainian design as a separate branch of arts and crafts and formation of its terminology

It is impossible to investigate any terminology without the study of this branch origin, its history, characteristic features. The Ukrainian design terminology is the integral system of linguistic units; there are design names and nominative elements from other related branches (building, architecture, art) among them. The terminology of the design is characterized by a long history of development, which increases the importance of studying its terms, and today it remains the subject of in-depth enoho study

Using the mineral component of building refuse in heavy metals sorption from their mixture

The sorption properties of the sand-breakstone mixture based on the mineral component of building refuse of the 0-10 mm fraction with respect to Pb2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ ions were studied using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The mechanisms of accumulation of heavy metal ions on the surface of the mixture particles are described. It was found that after washing the contaminated material distilled water, the residual concentration of metals in the filtrate does not exceed the established sanitary and hygienic standards. The practical value of the work lies in the possibility of applying the results in reclamation of technogenic formations or production of materials for the technical stage of reclamation using technogenic soils

ИНФЕКЦИЯ И ИММУНИТЕТ: АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ В ПРАКТИКЕ ПЕДИАТРА

The article contains current data on the age-dependent physiological features of children’s immunity. Special attention is given to the specific stages of humoral and cell mediated immunity formation, critical periods of increased risk of infections and other pathology are noted. Also, the article defines the factors affecting immune system development, such as breastfeeding, balanced nutrition, different types of cold training and harmfulness of irrational antibiotic therapy. Particular reference is made to the role of interferons in increasing functional activity of the immune system and the improvement of immune disturbances.В статье изложены современные представления о возрастных физиологических особенностях иммунитета у детей. Особое внимание уделено этапности и специфике формирования гуморального и клеточного иммунитета, отмечены «критические» периоды риска развития инфекционных заболеваний и другой патологии. Определены факторы, влияющие на становление иммунитета, среди которых грудное вскармливание, полноценное питание, разнообразные программы закаливания, а также опасность нерациональной антибиотикотерапии. Отмечена роль препаратов интерферона для увеличения функциональной активности иммунной системы и темпов восстановления иммунологических нарушений.

Современные аспекты базисной терапии бронхиальной астмы у детей в возрасте до 6 лет

The aim of this work was to analyze current aspects of basic therapy for asthma according to GINA, 2014, in preschool children. The principal strategy of basic therapy for preschool asthmatic children has been reviewed in the article. Treatment of childhood asthma includes longterm antiinflammatory therapy. Inhaled corticosteroids are considered as the firstline therapy. Treatment efficacy depends on the drugs administered to the patient and the optimal delivery into the airways.Согласно последнему обновлению Глобальной стратегии лечения и профилактики бронхиальной астмы (БА) (GINA, 2014) анализируются современные подходы к терапии данного заболевания у детей 5 лет и моложе. Представлены основные направления базисной терапии БА у данной категории детей, соответствующие программным документам. Современный подход включает длительную противовоспалительную терапию, эффективность которой определяется как выбором препаратов, так и оптимальным способом их доставки в дыхательные пути. Показано, что в базисной терапии БА у детей препаратами выбора являются ингаляционные глюкокортикостероиды