Ways of optimizing medical services for children at educational institutions under the Health Care system reform in Ukraine.

Aim – scientific substantiation of the ways to optimize preventive childhood medicine under the health care system reform in Ukraine. The medical, sanitary and epidemiological conditions of children’s stay were studied at 147 schools in five oblasts of Ukraine and the city of Kyiv. The following methods were used: system analysis, analytical, mathematical and statistical, bibliosemantic, modeling and expert assessments. The results of an expert assessment (224 specialists) on the optimization of medical services for schoolchildren were analyzed. The main risk factors for schoolchildren staying at educational institutions were identified: daily routine failure, non-compliance with the hygiene requirements for the premises where the educational process is carried out, as well as failure in food and water quality and safety. The levels of medical observation provision were analyzed. There were suggested two ways of maintaining the role of medical personnel in preserving and enhancing the health of schoolchildren: involving doctors of primary care centers of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and creating an autonomous medical service in the institutions of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine in accordance with the current licensing requirements. The issues of prevention and promotion of children's health, including schoolchildren, are one of the key aspects of the training of medical personnel at all stages. Such programs need to be modernized on the basis of a competency approach, taking into account the current needs of the health care system and the best international experience in resolving these issues

СУЧАСНА МОДЕЛЬ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАГІСТРІВ- СТОМАТОЛОГІВ

The article reveals that the system of masters’ in dentistry professional training in Ukraine does not sufficiently meet the international requirements and education levels regulated by the National Qualifications Framework. At the same time, the updated field standard of higher education in the specialty “Dentistry” (2019) contains a number of contradictory conditions, in particular: the availability of educational-professional training program and educational-scientific (optional for universities) one with different number of credits (300 and 360 correspondingly). The necessity to implement the levels of junior bachelor (dentist’s assistant) and bachelor (odontologist-hygienist) into the model of masters’ in dentistry professional training process was substantiated. This allows students of higher dental education institutions to start practical activity from the first year of studying, which can encourage them to increase the level of their professional competence and restore the preventive component of dental care to the population of Ukraine. It has been proved the expediency to prolong the period of masters’ in dentistry professional training to 6 years with the last year of practically oriented study to ensure compliance of dental education in Ukraine with the requirements of the World Federation for Medical Education in terms of the amount of academic load and the need to strengthen its practical component. A modern model of masters’ in dentisry professional training has been developed in accordance with the National Qualifications Framework and the requirements of the World Federation of Medical Education.У статті доведено, що система професійної підготовки магістрів-стоматологів в Україні не відповідає достатньою мірою міжнародним вимогам і регламентованим Національною рамкою кваліфікацій рівням освіти. Водночас оновлений галузевий стандарт вищої освіти за спеціальністю «Стоматологія» (2019) містить низку суперечливих положень, зокрема: наявність освітньо-професійної і освітньо-наукової (на вибір ЗВО) програм підготовки з різним об’ємом кредитів (300 і 360 відповідно). Обґрунтовано необхідність імплементації у модель процесу професійної підготовки магістрів-стоматологів рівнів молодшого бакалавра – асистента стоматолога, бакалавра – одонтолога-гігієніста і магістра – лікаря-стоматолога. Це дасть змогу студентам закладів вищої стоматологічної освіти розпочати практичну діяльність з молодших курсів, що сприятиме підвищенню рівня їх професійної компетентності і відновленню профілактичної складової стоматологічної допомоги населенню України. Для забезпечення відповідності стоматологічної освіти в Україні вимогам ВФМО у частині обсягу навчального навантаження і необхідності посилити її практичну складову доведено доцільність продовжити термін професійної підготовки магістрів до 6 років з останнім – практично-орієнтованим роком навчання. Розроблена модель професійної підготовки магістрів-стоматологів відповідно до Національної рамки кваліфікацій і вимог Всесвітньої федерації медичної освіти

SiC Nanofibers in Canals and Pores of Cordierite Honeycomb Material as a Support for Catalyst in CO-PROX Reaction

The Cu–Co oxide system supported on SiC nanofibers deposited on cordierite was studied in the CO oxidation reaction in the presence of hydrogen

Parameters of functional activity in elderly and senile women with polymorbidity and risk of sarcopenia

Objectives to identify the correlations between the Charlson comorbidity index and the results of functional activity tests as predictors of sarcopenia among elderly and senile women with polymorbidity. Material and methods. The study included 269 elderly and senile women aged from 65 to 84 years, having polypathology. Results. Sarcopenia was detected in 14.63% of the elderly, and in 27.40% of senile women. The Charlson comorbidity index was associated with the risk of progression of frailty, a decrease in basic functional activity, increased muscle weakness and impaired function of skeletal muscles. Conclusion. Dynamometry and functional activity tests can be used in clinical practice to diagnose sarcopenia syndrome in elderly and senile women

ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ПСИХОГРАФІЧНОЇ СЕГМЕНТАЦІЇ ДЛЯ НАЛАГОДЖЕННЯ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ У СФЕРІ ПІДГОТОВКИ ЛІКАРІВ

Purpose: to provide recommendations for targeted communication with key groups of consumers of continuing professional development (CPD) services based on previous segmentation. Materials and Methods. The answers of 1768 respondents representing all regions of Ukraine, about the importance of factors in choosing the form of CPD subjected to factor analysis, which resulted in four factors were used as variables for cluster analysis (k-means method). The results were evaluated on the basis of descriptive statistics, the statistical probability of the difference was determined by pairwise comparison, and by analysis of variance. Results. As a result of segmentation, carried out on the basis of the analysis of questionnaires of doctors – consumers of educational services, four key factors of a choice of the form of CPD are revealed: professionalism, accessibility, the level of social activity, formalism of the student – on the basis of which seven clusters of students were formed, differing in socio-demographic and psychographic characteristics. Conclusions. Critical tasks are the optimization of the educational process, minimizing the flow of documents and time off from work, establishing work with online media, accounting, analysis, communication with existing consumers of educational services.Мета: надати рекомендації для здійснення прицільної комунікації з ключовими групами споживачів послуг безперервного професійного розвитку на основі попередньої сегментації. Матеріали і методи. Анкети 1768 респондентів, які представляють всі регіони України, щодо важливості чинників вибору форми безперервного професійного розвитку піддано факторному аналізу, за результатами якого отримано чотири фактори, значення яких використано для проведення кластерного аналізу (метод к-середніх). Оцінку результатів здійснювали на основі даних дескриптивної статистики, статистичну вірогідність різниці показників визначали методи попарного порівняння та дисперсійного аналізу. Результати. У результаті сегментування, здійсненого на основі аналізу анкет лікарів – споживачів освітніх послуг, виявлено чотири ключові фактори вибору форми безперервного професійного розвитку: професійність, доступність навчального курсу, рівень соціальної активності, формалізм слухача, на основі яких утворено сім кластерів слухачів, що відрізняються за соціодемографічними та психографічними характеристиками. Висновки. Критичними завданнями є оптимізація освітнього процесу, мінімізація документообігу, часу відриву від роботи фахівців, налагодження роботи з онлайн-медіа, облік, аналіз та комунікація з наявними освітніми послугами

Biodiversity surveys of grassland and coastal habitats in 2021 as a documentation of pre-war status in southern Ukraine

Background This paper presents two sampling-event datasets with occurrences of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens collected in May-June 2021 in southern Ukraine. We aimed to collect high-quality biodiversity data in an understudied region and contribute it to international databases and networks. The study was carried out during the 15th Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) Field Workshop in southern Ukraine and the Dark Diversity Network (DarkDivNet) sampling in the Kamianska Sich National Nature Park. By chance, these datasets were collected shortly before the major escalation of the Russian invasion in Ukraine. Surveyed areas in Kherson and Mykolaiv Regions, including established monitoring plots, were severely affected by military actions in 2022. Therefore, collected data are of significant value in the context of biodiversity documentation. The knowledge about the biodiversity of this area will help to assess the environmental impact of the war and plan restoration of the damaged or destroyed habitats. The first preliminary analysis of collected data demonstrates the biodiversity richness and conservation value of studied grassland habitats. New information We provide sampling-event datasets with 7467 occurrences, which represent 708 taxa (vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens) collected in 275 vegetation relevés. Amongst them, vascular plants are represented by 6665 occurrences (610 taxa), lichens - 420 (46) and bryophytes - 381 (51). Several new species were reported for the first time at the national or regional level. In particular, one vascular plant species (Torilis pseudonodosa) and two lichen species (Cladonia conista, Endocarpon loscosii) were new to Ukraine. One vascular plant (Stipa tirsa), two species of bryophytes (Rhynchostegium megapolitanum, Ptychostomum torquescens) and three species of lichens (Cladonia cervicornis, C. symphycarpa, Involucropyrenium breussi) were recorded for the first time for the Kherson Region. Additionally, these datasets contain occurrences of taxa with narrow distribution, specialists of rare habitat types and, therefore, represented by a low number of occurrences in relevant biodiversity databases and particularly in GBIF. This publication highlights the diversity of natural vegetation and its flora in southern Ukraine and raises conservation concerns

Morbidity with tick-borne viral encephalitis in some regions in uralskiy federal district with predictive estimate of short-term epidemiologic situation

Extrapolation prediction of epidemic situation as per tick-borne viral encephalitis (TVE) on endemic territories that is based on analyzing time rows of morbidity is a promising approach to be applied in predictive medical-ecological and epidemiologic research. The authors examined long-term dynamics showing both number of people who suffered from tick bites and morbidity with tick-borne viral encephalitis (TVE) in 4 regions in the Ural Federal District over 2007–2017. We applied a sum of harmonic functions as a mathematic model; parameters of the functions were detected with Le-venberg–Marquardt procedure for non-linear estimates. The technique is flexible and it allows both to apply parameters of harmonic fluctuation that are common for all 4 regions and to estimate parameters that differ in various regions and are of special interest (average long-term values and other fluctuation parameters). One of the research goals was to estimate dynamics in number of people who suffered from tick bites and morbidity with TVE in the Ural Federal District regions over the examined period and to predict epidemiologic situation for the coming years. To do that, we built several harmonic regression models with different number of estimated parameters. To compare and rank the models, we applied Akaike consistent information criterion that determines optimality as a compromise between a model accuracy and complexity. Our analysis of morbidity with TVE over 2007–2017 in Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Tyumen, and Kurgan region allowed us to quantify discrepancies in average long-term parameters between these Ural Federal District regions. The highest average long-term morbidity was fixed in Kurgan region; the lowest one, in Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk region. But a number of people who suffered from tick bites was higher in Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, and Tyumen region than in Kurgan region over the same period. We showed that long-term fluctuations in ticks activity in the Ural Federal District can be considered in-phase and it can possibly mean there is regional synchronization. We detected quasi-periods of cycles both for number of people bitten by ticks and morbidity with TVE and built a short-term prediction for epidemic situation as per TVE in the region on the basis of the proposed harmonic model for a period up to 2022; a probable TVE morbidity peak can be reached in 2020–2021

Helical Chirality: a Link between Local Interactions and Global Topology in DNA

DNA supercoiling plays a major role in many cellular functions. The global DNA conformation is however intimately linked to local DNA-DNA interactions influencing both the physical properties and the biological functions of the supercoiled molecule. Juxtaposition of DNA double helices in ubiquitous crossover arrangements participates in multiple functions such as recombination, gene regulation and DNA packaging. However, little is currently known about how the structure and stability of direct DNA-DNA interactions influence the topological state of DNA. Here, a crystallographic analysis shows that due to the intrinsic helical chirality of DNA, crossovers of opposite handedness exhibit markedly different geometries. While right-handed crossovers are self-fitted by sequence-specific groove-backbone interaction and bridging Mg2+ sites, left-handed crossovers are juxtaposed by groove-groove interaction. Our previous calculations have shown that the different geometries result in differential stabilisation in solution, in the presence of divalent cations. The present study reveals that the various topological states of the cell are associated with different inter-segmental interactions. While the unstable left-handed crossovers are exclusively formed in negatively supercoiled DNA, stable right-handed crossovers constitute the local signature of an unusual topological state in the cell, such as the positively supercoiled or relaxed DNA. These findings not only provide a simple mechanism for locally sensing the DNA topology but also lead to the prediction that, due to their different tertiary intra-molecular interactions, supercoiled molecules of opposite signs must display markedly different physical properties. Sticky inter-segmental interactions in positively supercoiled or relaxed DNA are expected to greatly slow down the slithering dynamics of DNA. We therefore suggest that the intrinsic helical chirality of DNA may have oriented the early evolutionary choices for DNA topology