12,310 research outputs found
Inhomogeneous soliton ratchets under two ac forces
We extend our previous work on soliton ratchet devices [L. Morales-Molina et
al., Eur. Phys. J. B 37, 79 (2004)] to consider the joint effect of two ac
forces including non-harmonic drivings, as proposed for particle ratchets by
Savele'v et al. [Europhys. Lett. 67}, 179 (2004); Phys. Rev. E {\bf 70} 066109
(2004)]. Current reversals due to the interplay between the phases, frequencies
and amplitudes of the harmonics are obtained. An analysis of the effect of the
damping coefficient on the dynamics is presented. We show that solitons give
rise to non-trivial differences in the phenomenology reported for particle
systems that arise from their extended character. A comparison with soliton
ratchets in homogeneous systems with biharmonic forces is also presented. This
ratchet device may be an ideal candidate for Josephson junction ratchets with
intrinsic large damping
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Tailored gamification and serious game framework based on fuzzy logic for saving energy in connected thermostats
Connected thermostats (CTs) often save less energy than predicted because consumers may not know how to use them and may not be engaged in saving energy. Additionally, several models perform contrary to consumers’ expectations and are thus not used the way they are intended to. As a result, CTs save less energy and are underused in households. This paper reviews aspects of gamification and serious games focused on engaging consumers. A gamification and serious games framework is proposed for saving energy that is tailored by a fuzzy logic system to motivate connected thermostat consumers. This intelligent gamification framework can be used to customize the gamification and serious game strategy to each consumer so that fuzzy logic systems can be adapted according to the requirements of each consumer. The framework is designed to teach, engage, and motivate consumers while helping them save electrical energy when using their thermostats. It is described the proposed framework as well as a mockup that can be run on a cellphone. Although this framework is designed to be implemented in CTs, it can be translated to their energy devices in smart homes
Diffusion in infinite and semi-infinite lattices with long-range coupling
We prove that for a one-dimensional infinite lattice, with long-range
coupling among sites, the diffusion of an initial delta-like pulse in the bulk,
is ballistic at all times. We obtain a closed-form expression for the mean
square displacement (MSD) as a function of time, and show some cases including
finite range coupling, exponentially decreasing coupling and power-law
decreasing coupling. For the case of an initial excitation at the edge of the
lattice, we find an approximate expression for the MSD that predicts ballistic
behavior at long times, in agreement with numerical results.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted for publicatio
Nonlinear Control of a Thermoacoustic System with Multiple Heat Sources and Actuators
Thermoacoustic instabilities can occur in thermal devices when unsteady heat release is coupled with pressure perturbations. This effect results in excitation of Eigen-acoustic modes of the system. These instabilities can lead to unpredictable behavior of the system. Gas-turbine combustion systems are especially prone to this phenomenon reducing their overall efficiency. Additionally, due to the nature of the combustion, the turbines end up releasing undesired amounts of harmful chemicals to the atmosphere, such as Nitrous Oxide (NOX).
A Rijke tube, representing a resonator with a mean flow and a concentrated heat source, is a convenient system to study the thermoacoustic phenomena. Under certain conditions of the main system, a loud sound is generated through a process similar to that in devices prone to thermoacoustic instabilities. Rijke devices have been extensively studied and several models which can provide accurate representation of the system, already exists. These models often assume that the system is comprised of a single heat source which drives the instability. This may not be the case as combustors which can use more than one flame are common for engines and industrial burners. By using the aforementioned models, a nonlinear feedback control scheme is developed for a Rijke-type combustor system with n actuators and m heat sources.
The performance of the controller is tested under different scenarios, assuring that is capable to exponentially stabilize the system despite any nonlinearities present in the heat release. Additionally, active control is studied in detail by analyzing the impact of the control parameters under different positioning of heat sources. The effect of the location for the actuators is also studied
Bulk and surface magnetoinductive breathers in binary metamaterials
We study theoretically the existence of bulk and surface discrete breathers
in a one-dimensional magnetic metamaterial comprised of a periodic binary array
of split-ring resonators. The two types of resonators differ in the size of
their slits and this leads to different resonant frequencies. In the framework
of the rotating-wave approximation (RWA) we construct several types of breather
excitations for both the energy-conserved and the dissipative-driven systems by
continuation of trivial breather solutions from the anticontinuous limit to
finite couplings. Numerically-exact computations that integrate the full model
equations confirm the quality of the RWA results. Moreover, it is demonstrated
that discrete breathers can spontaneously appear in the dissipative-driven
system as a results of a fundamental instability.Comment: 10 pages, 16 figure
Resonant ratcheting of a Bose-Einstein condensate
We study the rectification process of interacting quantum particles in a
periodic potential exposed to the action of an external ac driving. The
breaking of spatio-temporal symmetries leads to directed motion already in the
absence of interactions. A hallmark of quantum ratcheting is the appearance of
resonant enhancement of the current (Europhys. Lett. 79 (2007) 10007 and Phys.
Rev. A 75 (2007) 063424). Here we study the fate of these resonances within a
Gross-Pitaevskii equation which describes a mean field interaction between many
particles. We find, that the resonance is i) not destroyed by interactions, ii)
shifting its location with increasing interaction strength. We trace the
Floquet states of the linear equations into the nonlinear domain, and show that
the resonance gives rise to an instability and thus to the appearance of new
nonlinear Floquet states, whose transport properties differ strongly as
compared to the case of noninteracting particles
Thermodynamic analysis of Kerr-Newman black holes
In this paper we calculate the Hawking temperature of a black hole described by the Kerr-Newman metric, starting from the surface gravity, the area of the event horizon and the angular velocity of the black hole. To do this we apply the laws of black hole thermodynamics: we first set the energy conservation through a relationship between the mass M, the charge Q and the angular momentum J, then we implement the Hawking's theorem of areas by setting an upper bound to the energy and we get finally the surface gravity of the black hole. In addition, we study the relationship between the black hole parameters (mass M, angular momentum J, electric charge Q) and the Hawking temperature
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