Formulasi Dan Uji Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Kulit Buah Rambutan (Nephelium Lappaceum L.) Sebagai Obat Sariawan Menggunakan Variasi Konsentrasi Basis Carbopol

Telah dilakukan penelitian Formulasi Dan Uji Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Kulit Buah Rambutan (Nephelium Lappaceum L.) Sebagai Obat Sariawan Menggunakan Variasi Konsentrasi Basis Carbopol. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui mengetahui stabilitias sediaan gel ekstrak kulit buah rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) dengan menggunakan basis Karbopol dan melihat pengaruh konsentrasi dan penggunaan basis Karbopol yang tepat terhadap stabilitas sediaan gel ekstrak kulit buah rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimentatif dan teknik pengumpulan datanya dengan cara observasi prospektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Gel dengan menggunakan basis karbopol pada berbagai konsentrasi memiliki kestabilan fisik yang baik, namun kestabilan sediaan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sediaan yang lain ada pada formula III dan IV dengan masing-masing konsentrasi 1,5% dan 2% basis karbopol. Pengaruh konsentrasi karbopol sebagai basis gel dalam sediaan gel sariawan ekstrak etanol kulit buah rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap organoleptis, pH, homogenitas, dan daya sebar sediaan gel. Disarankan untuk dilakukan pengujian stabilitas fisika dengan menggunakan gelling agent yang berbeda atau melakukan uji stabilitas kimia maupun mikrobiologiny

Simulation of municipal solid waste route optimization by Dijkstra’s algorithm

This study simulated the routes of a municipal solid waste collection by a mathematical model of Dijkstra’s Algorithm. Its aim was to achieve route optimization by shortening the distance travelled by the municipal solid waste collectors. The waste collectors usually face difficulties in selecting the most cost-efficient routes to collect wastes due to the presence of multiple collection points. It is observed that unsystematic collection route planner travelled by the waste collectors increases the time and cost of waste management. Thus, to reduce the time and cost of collection, it was hypothesized that the routes taken by the waste collectors be shortened to optimize the cost-effectiveness. This study again hypothesized that employing a mathematical model of Dijkstra’s Algorithm would be able to demonstrate the route optimization.Keywords: collection routes; Dijkstra’s Algorithm; municipal solid waste; route optimization; urban are

Analisis Kepadatan Lalat Pada Rumah Makan Di Pasar Jajan Kota Gorontalo

Vectors or animals that carry disease in Indonesia are diseases that have been identified, especially in tropical infectious diseases, both endemic and potentially epidemic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the density of flies in the snack market of Gorontalo City. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The results showed that restaurants 12,13 and 14 had a higher density level in the medium category indicating that there was a need to secure the breeding grounds for flies (garbage and rotting food residue) compared to restaurants 1-11 in the low category indicating that there was no need for control. The results of our observations to 14 restaurants have different sanitary conditions. In restaurants 1-11, the distance between the trash can and the restaurant is quite far or not close compared to restaurants 12-14 which are very close to the trash can and it was also clear at the time of the study that there were flies flying in the food storage area. Based on the results of these studies, it can be concluded that the level of fly density can be influenced by the hygiene and sanitation of the surrounding environment

THE EFFECT OF QUICK RATIO DEBT TO RATIO AND FIXED ASSETS TURNOVER ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE SUB SECTOR OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES LISTED IN INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE

The aims of this study were to anayzed the effect of Quick Ratio, Debt to Ratio, and Fixwd Assest Turnover on Financial Performance in the Food and Baverage Sub Sector of Manufacturing Companies Listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. The sample in this study consisted of 20 companies into 54 financial reports and annual reports of 20 the food and beverage sub-sector of manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2018-2020 using the purposive sampling method. The results of this study shows that the t-test calculation proves that partially Quick Ratio and Fixed Assets Turnover have no significant effect on Return On Assets, but for Debt to Equity Ratio partially have an effect on Return On Assets. The calculation of the F test results simultaneously proves that the Quick Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, and Fixed Assets Turnover have a significant effect on Return On Assets. The Coefficient of Determination test is known that the R square value is 0.328 or 32.8% which indicates that ROA can be explained by QR, DER and FATO while the remaining 67.2% is explained by other variable

Strength and weakness analysis based on marketing mix in Teppanyaki area of Osaka Restaurant Roosenda al, the Netherlands

Nowadays, every hotel and restaurant tries their best to be different and to have a competitive advantage from other hotels or restaurants. Osaka Restaurant in Roosendaal, Netherlands, has one of those competitive advantages in the shape of a teppanyaki area. To maximize the advantages and plan the strategy for the future, though, it is important for the management to know what the customers think of the teppanyaki area as a whole. This thesis will answer the question, ?What are the strength and weakness points in the marketing mix of teppanyaki area in Osaka Restaurant, Roosendaal that affect the customer?s loyalty?? Strength and weakness analysis will be used as the main tools to find out what the customers think of Osaka?s teppanyaki area. To help limiting the research area and focusing the research, the marketing mix of 7Ps is used as an additional tools. Customer?s loyalty will be another tool that will be used to measure the importance of those strength and weakness points. The research will be conducted by the means of questionnaire and desk research. The questionnaires will be given out to the customers during operational time. A desk research will be conducted by interviewing the manager of the restaurant in relation with the questionnaires. From the research, there are eight strong points of Osaka?s teppanyaki and four weakness points that affect customers? loyalty. The strong points revolve around Osaka?s location, the teppanyaki area?s atmosphere, the food, the cooking attraction, and the customer?s loyalty. Osaka?s weak points are in the lack of information for parking spots, promotion effort, and its service process. Just by looking at the number of strong and weak points, it could be concluded that Osaka?s teppanyaki has a very good position and reputation in the eyes of its customers. However it would be unwise to be satisfied with the result and it is recommended for the management to keep improving the strengths and find ways to eliminate the weaknesses

Prediction of CO2 with amine functionalized ionic liquids interaction using density functional theory

The current increase in Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions has the potential to exacerbate the climate impact. As a result, technologies that reduce CO2 emissions, such as Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), must be developed, such as ionic liquids (ILs)-based technology. Due to their outstanding properties and capability to capture CO2, ILs have been considered a green solvent to replace volatile organic solvents currently used in the separation and purification of natural gas. Among them, amine-functionalized ILs have enhanced capability to capture CO2. Nevertheless, the interaction between amine-functionalized with CO2 still is lagging. Therefore, this research aimed to provide an understanding of the interaction between amine-functionalized ILs and CO2 by examining the bonding energy of the IL, its cation and anion, and the complexation energy with CO2 using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method on the molecular simulation software Gaussian 09W and GaussView 5.0. Gaussian 09W is used to optimize the bond and determine the complexation energy, while GaussView 5.0 is used for the geometry visualization. The bonding energies of [2-aemim]+, [BF4]-, [PF6]-, [DCA]-, [TfO]-, [Tf2N]-, CO2, and each of the five IL combinations were calculated using DFT. The complexation energy of each of the IL-CO2 combinations can then be calculated using the bonding energy data obtained from the simulation. The obtained complexation energy for IL-CO2 containing anion [BF4]-, [PF6]-, [DCA]-, [TfO]-, [Tf2N]-, are -499.32, -277.95, -750.25, -305.97, and -174.48 MJ/mole respectively. The DFT calculation revealed that the CO2 interaction with amine-functionalized ILs could be increased by weakening the cation-anion interaction strength. Interestingly, the rank of anion interaction strength with the cation follows a similar trend with the anion molecular size. From this findings, further researchers are able to initially and easily predict novel IL before doing further lab experiments, and following the identification of ILs with high CO2 solubility, the suitability of amine-functionalized ILs can be further investigated, leading to the development of compatible and highly functional solvents to improve CO2 separation performance

Evaluasi Penggunaan Obat pada Pasien Gastritis di Puskesmas Kaladawa Periode Oktober-Desember 2018

Gastritis merupakan peradangan yang mengenai dinding lambung. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Depertemen Kesehatan RI angka kejadian gastritis di Indonesia yang tertinggi mencapai 91,6% yaitu di kota Medan. Penyebab gastritis paling sering yaitu infeksi oleh bakteri H. pylori,namun dapat pula diakibatkan oleh bakteri lain seperti H. heilmanii, Streptococci, Staphylococci, Protecus species, Clostridium species, E.coli, Tuberculosis dan Secondary syphilis. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitan ini untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan obat pada pasien gastritis di Puskesmas Kaladawa periode Oktober-Desember 2018 serta untuk mengkaji rasionalitas penggunaan obat pada pasien gastritis berdasarkan tepat cara pemberian, tepat indikasi, tepat pemilihan obat dan tepat dosis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental dengan metode deskriptif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder berupa resep dan rekam medik pasien yang menderita penyakit gastritis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan obat gastritis di Puskesmas Kaladawa Periode Oktober-Desember 2018 dari 95 kasus, setelah dikaji kerasionalannya berdasarkan kriteria 4T diperoleh hasil ketepatan indikasi sebesar 100%, ketepatan obat sebesar 90%, ketepatan dosis sebesar 100%, dan tepat cara pemberian sebesar 100%. Kata Kunci: kerasionalan penggunaan obat, evaluasi penggunaan obat, gastritis &nbsp