Наближення митного законодавства України до стандартів Європейського Союзу

Биков І. О. Наближення митного законодавства України до стандартів Європейського Союзу / І. О. Биков // Правові та інституційні механізми забезпечення розвитку держави та права в умовах євроінтеграції : матеріали Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції (20 травня 2016 р., м. Одеса) : у 2 т. Т. 1 / відп. ред. М. В. Афанасьєва. - Одеса : Юридична література, 2016. - С. 442-444

Diffusive Radiation in One-dimensional Langmuir Turbulence

We calculate spectra of radiation produced by a relativistic particle in the presence of one-dimensional Langmuir turbulence which might be generated by a streaming instability in the plasma, in particular, in the shock front or at the shock-shock interactions. The shape of the radiation spectra is shown to depend sensitively on the angle between the particle velocity and electric field direction. The radiation spectrum in the case of exactly transverse particle motion is degenerate and similar to that of spatially uniform Langmuir oscillations. In case of oblique propagation, the spectrum is more complex, it consists of a number of power-law regions and may contain a distinct high-frequency spectral peak. %at \omega=2\omega\pe \gamma^2. The emission process considered is relevant to various laboratory plasma settings and for astrophysical objects as gamma-ray bursts and collimated jets.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted for Phys. Rev.

Європейські митні стандарти

Биков І. О. Європейські митні стандарти // Lex Portus : юрид. наук. журн. / редкол. : С. В. Ківалов (голов. ред. ради), Б. А. Кормич (голов. ред.), І. В. Сафін (заст. голов. ред.), Т. В. Аверочкіна (наук. ред., відп. секр.) [та ін.] ; НУ "ОЮА", ГО "МА Святий Миколай". - Херсон : ФОП Грінь Д. С., 2017. - № 1. - C. 147-155.Стаття присвячена аналізу європейських стандартів регулювання митних відносин. У статті досліджено актуальні тенденції та проблеми розвитку сучасного митного законодавства Європейського Союзу. Стаття розкриває структуру та правову природу європейських митних стандартів, а також сприяє формуванню висновків і пропозицій, спрямованих на вдосконалення національного митного законодавства.Статья посвящена анализу европейских стандартов регулирования таможенных отношений. В статье исследованы актуальные тенденции и проблемы развития современного таможенного законодательства Европейского Союза. Статья раскрывает структуру и правовую природу европейских таможенных стандартов, а также способствует формированию выводов и предложений, направленных на совершенствование национального таможенного законодательства.In the article are considered the European standards of regulation of customs relations. The article explored the current trends and issues of development of modern customs legislation of the European Union. The article reveals the structure and the legal nature of the European customs standards and promotes the formulation of conclusions and recommendations aimed at improving the national customs legislation

Non-invasive control of influence of polyethylene glycol on transport function of fluorescent colored liposomal nanoparticles

The studies were carried out on groups of clinically healthy mice line of outbred CD-1 stock. The model animals were divided into 2 groups and received experimental liposomal formulations. Using the method of fluorescence spectroscopy, we investigated the effectiveness of penetration into the circulatory system of fluorescently stained liposomes with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and without PEG when administered orally. Fluorescence channel with a fiber probe series of multifunctional laser non-invasive diagnostic system "LAKK-M" (SPE "LAZMA" Ltd, Russia) was used as the measuring equipment

Phase Formation at the Sintering of Sa, Zn, Ti Oxides

Complex compounds with oxide phases of Ba, 2n, and 11 are widely used in instrument engineering. It is also important to find such production routes for ceramics, which provide their stable structure and properties. Phase formation was investigated for titan, zirconium and barium oxides mixtures during their sintering, after pretreatment by milling of oxides mixtures with high power planetary-type mill. It was shown that active interaction of transferred oxides is observed after milling in the planetary mill. In addition to the presence of initial oxides, formation of complex compounds (barium and zinc titanates – Ba4Ti12O27 BaTiO3, ZnTiO3) was visible after 10 and 20 minutes of milling. The phase composition did not practically change after milling for 40 and 80 minutes. Furthermore, all reflection lines were strongly broadened and overlapped. Sintering of these mixtures after milling was conducted at temperatures 900, 1000 and 1100 °C for 2 hours on air with heating rate of 10 C/min. The complex oxide phase, close to BaZn2Ti4O11 composition, was found as a result of sintering of powders mixture at 900 °C, powder mixture was pretreated for 5 minutes at planetary mill. In addition, phases of ZnTiO3 and BaTiO3 were present. These phases were preserved for long-continued milling, but main components' ratio changed. The formation of BaZn2Ti4O11 phase with changes of interplanar spacings was investigated with variation of time of milling and sintering at temperatures of 1000 and 1100 °C. The Zn2TiO4 cubic phase was also present, its amount decreases only after 80 minutes of high power milling and sintering at 1100 °C. Results of our work showed, that for the system of three oxides active interaction was observed already on the high power milling stage. Sintering at the temperatures of 1000 and 1100 °C resulted in formation ofBaZn1Ti40 l1 oxide phase with composition variation in its homogeneity region

Forming of titanium titnate

Lately a great attention is spared development of materials, possessing high stable dielectric properties. Among such materials a considerable place is occupied by titanates of metal series, including titanate of magnesium. In the present work titanates of magnesium got by co-operation at the high temperatures of magnesium oxides (MgO) and titanium oxides (TiO2) , taken in correlation 2:1. To improve the interaction of components it was investigated influence of time of foregrinding of initial components – magnesium and titanium oxides on composition of sintering material. After grinding during 5 and 10 minutes phase composition does not change practically. After 20 minutes of grinding along with the phases described higher the washed out weak lines appear reflections which behave to the phase of TiO2 with an orthorhombic structure. At the increase of grinding lime intensity of X-ray reflection lines from the orthorhombic oxide of titan is grown. Pays attention on itself a fact that from data [1 ] orthorhombic phase ofTiO2 with the structure of type ?- PbO2 is formed in the conditions of high pressures. Format10n of it at grinding testifies to deformation influence on the particles of the process. On the same points to the fact that after grinding of powders already during 10 minutes the x-ray reflection lines from all phases begin to broaden and with the increase of grinding time broadening of lines is grown. Weak and washed out reflection lines of phase MgTiO) is appeared after 80 and 120 minutes of grinding. It is possible to suppose that forming of high pressure orthorhombic phase TiO2 is necessary precondition to begin formation of triple rhombohedral phase of magnesium titanate MgTiO) .\ud At the same time the start of magnesium titanate forming at grinding of oxides powders mixtures is accompanied with weakening of reflection lines intensity from the anatase TiO2, At all annealing temperatures (900, 1000, \100 °c) was noticed that d-spaced distances and the crystalline grate periods of magnesium titanate MgTiO, change accordingly, increased with the increase of foregrinding time. It points out the connection possesses the area of homogeneity, what the state diagram of the system MgO - Ti02 also testifies [2] . Possibility to make changes of magnesium titanate composition MgTi03 by a change time of mechanochemical rough-down of initial oxides mixtures can create pre-conditions and also for varying of properties, necessary for different application and devices domains this connection is used. A preliminary grade promotes also to forming of sppinel phase for magnesium titanate Mg,TiO4' as brings in imperfectness in oxides, facilitating interaction betwcen them

LISA Metrology System - Final Report

Gravitational Waves will open an entirely new window to the Universe, different from all other astronomy in that the gravitational waves will tell us about large-scale mass motions even in regions and at distances totally obscured to electromagnetic radiation. The most interesting sources are at low frequencies (mHz to Hz) inaccessible on ground due to seismic and other unavoidable disturbances. For these sources observation from space is the only option, and has been studied in detail for more than 20 years as the LISA concept. Consequently, The Gravitational Universe has been chosen as science theme for the L3 mission in ESA's Cosmic Vision program. The primary measurement in LISA and derived concepts is the observation of tiny (picometer) pathlength fluctuations between remote spacecraft using heterodyne laser interferometry. The interference of two laser beams, with MHz frequency difference, produces a MHz beat note that is converted to a photocurrent by a photodiode on the optical bench. The gravitational wave signal is encoded in the phase of this beat note. The next, and crucial, step is therefore to measure that phase with µcycle resolution in the presence of noise and other signals. This measurement is the purpose of the LISA metrology system and the subject of this report

Communication Platforms for Cities: Critical Analysis of Management Technology

Development of digital technologies creates opportunities for the implementation of new forms and innovative methods into the state management system. For a long time, public administration specialists have discussed vividly the idea of an electronic state (e-government), as well as have de bated the advantages and disadvantages of specific digital technologies. Recently, urban communication platforms have become very popular, which indicates that the involvement of citizens into the public administration processes. In recent years, there has been a transition from a model of simple informing and providing public services with digital format to a model of active involvement of citizens through the so-called state platforms. The idea of “the state as a platform” involves the creation of digital platforms to attract business and civil society to receive services, organize discussions and votes on various issues, as well as exchange goods created by both state and non-state producers. The article provides an overview and analysis of existing urban communication platforms in Russia and abroad. To this end, the article used the method of comparative analysis of urban communication platforms based on the criterion of functional features. It was found that today in Russia there are four types of urban communication platforms, which differ in their goals and functionality. The article substantiates the following typology: (1) platforms (sections of sites, pages) of citizens’ appeals; (2) portals of urban (regional) problems; (3) portals for evaluating initiatives; (4) public participation portals / platforms. Communication platforms have been created in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation, but the level of citizen participation in their activities varies greatly. The article analyzes the obstacles to the development of urban communication platforms

THE INFLUENCE OF DENTAL IMPLANTATION ON THE STATE OF THE BALANCE OF ANTIOXIDANTPROOXIDANT SYSTEM OF ORAL LIQUID IN PATIENTS WITH PARTIAL ADENTIA

Aim. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the influence of treatment of partial adentia by means of the dental implantation over the changes in antioxidant-prooxidant balance of oral liquid.Materials and methods. The study was performed on 40 testees divided into 2 groups: the control group (conditionally healthy people) and the test group (patients with adentia of 1-4 teeth). During the initial examination all the testees underwent the sampling of oral liquid. The oral liquid of patients was sampled at three stages of treatment: at the suture release after the dental implantation, at the installation of the healing abutment and at the installation of orthopedic constructions. The concentration of the products of oxidative modifications of biomolecules was determined in oral liquid as well as the state of the system of antioxidant protection.Results. As a result of a study, it was revealed that the antioxidant activity decreased by 20,7% against the background of the increase in intensity of oxidative processes in oral liquid of patients with partial adentia by 1,8 times. During the treatment it was revealed that the tendency of the gradual increase in general antioxidant potential to the control indices and the decrease in oxidative stress in oral liquid took place. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in oral liquid of patients of the 2nd group sampled at the initial examination was higher than the control indices by 71,6% and 53,4% respectively. At the second stage of the treatment the activity of superoxide dismutase remained increased by 59,1% while the catalase activity decreased by 2,4 times up to the indices 1,6 times lower than the control indices. At this stage it may be noted that the catalase insufficiency is relative which can lead to the increased concentration of hydrogen peroxide against the background of the increased activity of superoxide dismutase. At the 3rd and the 4th stages of the treatment the catalase activity increased by 25,9% in comparison with the indices of the previous stage of the study while the activity of superoxide dismutase decreased to the control indices. The correlation of changes in enzymatic activity of antioxidant protection was close to one.Conclusion. The imbalance of antioxidant-prooxidant system at early stages of treatment may provoke the complications development that’s why the attention must be paid to the perspectives of possible antioxidant correction. In general, the results of the study proved the absence of negative influence of the material used in the dental implant on metabolic systems of oral liquid

Noninvasive control of the transport function of fluorescent coloured liposomal nanoparticles

The use of liposomal nanoparticles with an incorporated active substance is an innovative and promising approach to diagnostics and therapy. The application of liposomal nanoparticle-based drugs allows for targeted localized delivery, overcomes the natural barriers within the body effectively, and minimizes possible side effects. Liposomes are able to contain a variety of ingredients with practically no limitations to their chemical composition, chemical properties, or size of constituent molecules. This study evaluated the ability to control the passage of fluorescent dye-filled liposomes through the intestinal mucosal barrier after oral administration. For this purpose, the increase in transcutaneous registered fluorescence from tetrabromofluorescein dye was recorded and analysed. Fluorescence intensity was measured at the proximal end of the tail of an animal model after oral administration of the liposomes. Measurements were taken at the excitation wavelengths of 365 and 450 nm. The fluorescence intensity in the group treated with the fluorescent contrast agent encapsulated in liposomal particles increased 140% of the initial level, but in the group treated with pure contrast agent, the increase in detected fluorescence intensity did not exceed 110%. Mice that received empty liposomes as well as the control group did not demonstrate statistically significant changes in fluorescence intensity. A potential application of our results is an express laser optical method of monitoring the transport of orally administered liposomal particles. The results can be used to help create new optical tools for use in the development of new drugs and in high-throughput screening used during their testing