Научные школы в области библиотековедения, библиографоведения и книговедения: к изучению вопроса

The article is devoted to the history of the study, there are determined the criteria and approaches to identification of the scientific schools in the area of library and information science, bibliography science and bibliology. There are presented scientific schools, established by now at the SPSTL SB RAS.Рассматривается история изучения, определены критерии и подходы к идентификации научных школ в области библиотековедения, библиографоведения и книговедения. Представлены научные школы, сложившиеся к настоящему времени в ГПНТБ СО РАН

Association of interleukins genes polymorphisms with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Ukrainian population

INTRODUCTION: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) is a significant health problem in some parts of the world. Three major cytokines involved in TB immunopathogenesis include IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10. The susceptibility to MDR TB may be genetically determined. The aim of the study was to assess the association of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 gene polymorphisms with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) in Ukrainian population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We observed 140 patients suffering from infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) and 30 apparently healthy subjects. The patients were assigned to two groups whether they suffer or do not suffer from pulmonary MDR TB. Interleukin gene (IL) polymorphisms, particularly T330G polymorphism in the IL-2 gene, C589T polymorphism in the IL-4 gene and G1082A polymorphism in the IL-10 gene were studied through polymerase chain reaction. Circulating levels of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 in venous blood were estimated using ELISA. RESULTS: Prior to treatment, patients with PT showed significant increase of IL-2 levels and decrease of IL-4 and IL-10 levels compared to apparently healthy subjects. Circulating IL-4 and IL-10 levels were significantly decreased whilst serum IL-2 level was significantly increased in patients with MDR TB compared to non-MDR TB. Low IL-4 and IL-10 secretion and considerable IL-2 alterations were shown to be significantly associated with mutations of homozygous and heterozygous genotypes affecting C589T polymorphism in the IL-4 gene, G1082A polymorphism in the IL-10 gene and T330G polymorphism in the IL-2 gene in patients with PT. CONCLUSIONS: Heterozygous genotype and mutations homozygous genotypes gene in polymorphisms determining specified cytokines’ production is a PT risk factor and may lead to disease progression into chronic phase. Heterozygous genotype of aforementioned cytokine genetic polymorphisms was significantly the most frequent in patients with MDR TB.INTRODUCTION: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) is a significant health problem in some parts of the world. Three major cytokines involved in TB immunopathogenesis include IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10. The susceptibility to MDR TB may be genetically determined. The aim of the study was to assess the association of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 gene polymorphisms with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) in Ukrainian population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We observed 140 patients suffering from infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) and 30 apparently healthy subjects. The patients were assigned to two groups whether they suffer or do not suffer from pulmonary MDR TB. Interleukin gene (IL) polymorphisms, particularly T330G polymorphism in the IL-2 gene, C589T polymorphism in the IL-4 gene and G1082A polymorphism in the IL-10 gene were studied through polymerase chain reaction. Circulating levels of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 in venous blood were estimated using ELISA. RESULTS: Prior to treatment, patients with PT showed significant increase of IL-2 levels and decrease of IL-4 and IL-10 levels compared to apparently healthy subjects. Circulating IL-4 and IL-10 levels were significantly decreased whilst serum IL-2 level was significantly increased in patients with MDR TB compared to non-MDR TB. Low IL-4 and IL-10 secretion and considerable IL-2 alterations were shown to be significantly associated with mutations of homozygous and heterozygous genotypes affecting C589T polymorphism in the IL-4 gene, G1082A polymorphism in the IL-10 gene and T330G polymorphism in the IL-2 gene in patients with PT. CONCLUSIONS: Heterozygous genotype and mutations homozygous genotypes gene in polymorphisms determining specified cytokines’ production is a PT risk factor and may lead to disease progression into chronic phase. Heterozygous genotype of aforementioned cytokine genetic polymorphisms was significantly the most frequent in patients with MDR TB

The combined action of binase and bleomycin on human lung adenocarcinoma cells

© 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.Some microbial ribonucleases (RNases) demonstrate selective cytotoxic effect against a wide range of tumor cells. In this context combined use of cytotoxic RNases in complex therapy with other chemotherapeutic agents appears to be especially promising. In this study we have investigated the apoptosisinduced effect of Bacillus pumilus RNase (binase) in combination with known antitumor antibiotic bleomycin on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. The combined effect of high concentrations of these agents did not have any mutual increase in their apoptosisinduced action, while a combination of nonapoptotic concentrations resulted in the increase of proportion of apoptotic cells up to 22% as compared with individual effect of bleomycin (6%) and binase (12%) used separately. These results indicate that binase and bleomycin are effective in combination of their low concentrations and ineffective in combination of their high concentrations

The usage of a binder system for frozen berries in the manufacture of confectionery

The aim of the research was to create binding systems for confectionery using gelling agents. The possibility of using partially hydrolyzed liquid egg white (egg hydrolyzate) in the binding system of gelling agents (egg hydrolyzate - agar (EG-A), egg hydrolyzate - starch (EG-S)) was determined to obtain the required mechanical characteristics when creating coatings, ornaments or fillers in confectionery with whole berries or pieces of fruit. In this regard, a technology has been developed for the hydrolysis of liquid egg white in the presence of an acidic reagent. The best rheological characteristics of the gelling agent from egg white were obtained under the following hydrolysis conditions: egg white : 1% HCl ratio = 1:2, process temperature - 66°C, duration - 40 minutes, the pH of the egg hydrolyzate was 6.53, the amount of dry solids was 11.78%. The newly created systems with agar (E406, Germany), chemically modified food starch (E1442, Germany) and hydrolyzed egg white (egg hydrolyzate) allow to adjust the properties of the coating for quick-frozen berries used in semi-finished confectionaries or cakes. It is established that the coating for quick-frozen berries, which includes a system consisting of 1% E406 and 0.5% egg hydrolyzate, should be carried out in 2 stages. In the first stage, a 10-minute exposure of the coating, which has a tensile strength of 580 g cm-2 , allows to create a strong capsule around the berry, which prevents the processes of destruction from proceeding. The second stage is necessary to obtain a uniform surface coating of the semi-finished mix from the berries. In this case, the tensile strength of the coating should be 480 g cm-2 . The system created from the E1442 and egg hydrolyzate gelling agents was also used in 2 stages when making cakes, which were subsequently baked at 180 °C. The content of the binding system in the coating applied to the test substrate was 6.9–7.7%, the effective viscosity of the coating was 120–180 Pa s. The content of the binding system in the coating of the surface of the berries in the second stage was 5.2–6.3% with effective viscosity values of 50–90 Pa s. Semi-finished berry products and ready-made baked cakes, produced with developed binding systems, can be stored at -8 °C for 10 to 12 days. After refrigerated storage, the separated moisture was not observed in the test samples. The absence of the phenomenon of syneresis with the indicated proportions of the introduction of gelling agents in coating systems has been established

Научная специальность «Библиотековедение, библиографоведение и книговедение» и профильные диссертационные исследования (1999–2020)

In the modern world, global changes are taking place in all spheres of society, including economy, science, education and culture. In this regard, a detailed analysis and comprehension of ongoing processes become relevant to develop a specific strategy. In 2021, the Ministry of Science and Higher Education adopted the Order «On the approval of the nomenclature of scientific specialties for which scientific degrees are awarded <….>”; the nomenclature of scientific specialties was published, where specialty 05.25.03 «Library Science, Bibliography science and Bibliology» was not reflected (among pedagogical, historical, philological, technical sciences). This document came next to a draft nomenclature of scientific specialties (2020), which was widely discussed by the scientific community. The library community and representatives of university science carried out a number of activities aimed at changing the situation. The authors recreate the picture of forming and growing the profile scientific specialty, including its presentation in the nomenclature of scientific specialties for which scientific degrees are awarded since 1957; analyze statistic materials on post-graduate training of highly qualified scientific personnel and activity to defense dissertations in 1999–2020; generalize and assess the data, consider the problems and vectors of this specialty development to justify the inclusion of the specialty «Library Science, Bibliography Science and Bibliology» in the new nomenclature of scientific specialties to continue the training of highly qualified scientific personnel in graduate school, and to carry out specialized research. The article argues that the consequences of the ongoing reforms in science have led to transformations, slowing down the rotation of scientific personnel, extinguishing the activities of dissertation councils and scientific schools in library science, bibliography and bibliology in the regions and complicating the development of library and information science in general.В современном мире происходят глобальные изменения во всех сферах общества, в том числе в экономике, науке, образовании и культуре. В связи с этим становятся актуальными детальный анализ и осмысление происходящих процессов с целью выработки определенной стратегии. В 2021 г. Министерством науки и высшего образования был принят Приказ «Об утверждении номенклатуры научных специальностей, по которым присуждаются ученые степени <….>», опубликована номенклатура научных специальностей, в которую специальность 05.25.03 «Библиотековедение, библиографоведение и книговедение» (отрасли: педагогические, исторические, филологические, технические науки) не была включена. Авторы воссоздают картину формирования и становления профильной научной специальности, представления ее в номенклатуре научных специальностей, по которым осуществляется присуждение ученых степеней, начиная с 1957 г., подробно анализируют статистические материалы по подготовке научных кадров высшей квалификации в аспирантуре, проведению защит диссертаций в 1999– 2020 гг., осуществляют обобщение сведений, дают им оценку и рассматривают проблемы и векторы развития специальности с целью обоснования включения специальности «Библиотековедение, библиографоведение и книговедение» в новую номенклатуру научных специальностей, продолжения осуществления подготовки научных кадров высшей квалификации в аспирантуре и проведения профильных исследований. В статье аргументировано, что последствия проводимых реформ в науке привели к трансформациям, замедлившим ротацию научных кадров, угасанию деятельности диссертационных советов и научных школ по библиотековедению, библиографоведению и книговедению в регионах и осложнению развития библиотечно-информационной науки в целом

FEATURES OF PROJECT FINANCING OF REAL ESTATE IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY AND ITS STATE REGULATION

The problematic issues related to investment processes in the real estate market, based on modern tools of project financing, have been considered. The Russian experience of taxation of investment entities in the Russian Federation, the experience of private-public partnership in the process of investing in real estate objects, have been studied, the problems of using project financing by real estate market entities in the conditions of digitalization have been identified. The directions of improvement of financial, economic, social and legal aspects of state regulation of project financing have been proposed in order to ensure a balance of interests of various economic entities, which as States, firms and households are considered. Modern models of real estate financing by the banking sector have been reviewed

Modeling the Mass Media Portrayal/Image of the Police

В статье проводится анализ российских и зарубежных исследований, посвященных формированию массмедийного образа полиции в СМИ, и изучаются методы моделирования образа языковыми и неязыковыми средствами.The article analyzes Russian and foreign studies devoted to the modeling of the Police media image and reviews methods of image modeling by linguistic and non-linguistic means. The main focus is on the modeling of the Police Officer's image. The urgency of the article is stipulated by the necessity to expand and deepen theoretical foundations of modeling the image of a police officer by verbal means and to identify the most valid methodology of image modeling by means of the media

Трансформация рекламного текста вкладыша парфюмерной продукции при переводе с русского на английский язык: лингвокультурный аспект

The article deals with specificity of translating a written advertisement text to be further used in oral communication. The article describes the process of adapting an instruction leaflet of Russian perfumery products for perception of English-speaking shoppers. The paper is motivated by lack of research in the sphere of interpreting texts of different advertising fields. Thus, one of the purposes of the article is to fill this gap. Much attention is given to the procedure of decoding stylistics analysis applied to a Russian perfumery product leaflet to outline its linguacultural peculiarities. We provide a sample translation, adapted to more effective perception of English-speaking shoppers, and provide interpretation tips for sales assistants. It should be mentioned that the article is based on personal career experience of the author in the field of retail trade consulting. We arrive at the conclusion that retaining the communicative effect of the original text is more important than preserving its stylistic and structural peculiarities.Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме адаптации письменного рекламного текста к условиям устной коммуникации. Выбор темы обусловлен дефицитом рекомендаций по переводу рекламных текстов различных товарных групп. Работа основывается на обобщении автором личного опыта деятельности в сфере консалтинговых услуг в крупной сети парфюмерных магазинов России. Статья описывает трансформацию рекламного текста-вкладыша парфюмерной продукции при переводе с русского на английский язык. На основе алгоритма анализа стилистики декодирования предложен анализ русскоязычного текста вкладыша парфюмерной продукции. Особое внимание в работе уделено обзору переводческих изменений при создании текста с учётом особенностей восприятия англоязычных покупателей; нами приводится пример подобного текста. На основании анализа представлены рекомендации по переводу вкладышей для продавцов-консультантов, которые сталкиваются в своей работе с необходимостью проведения консультаций в условиях двуязычия. Успешное сохранение коммуникативного эффекта текста-оригинала при консультировании является приоритетом переводчика, сохранение стилистических и структурных особенностей текста вторично. Таким образом, подчёркивается неизбежность изменений текста рекламного текста-вкладыша соответственно условиям устной коммуникации и лингвокультурному контексту коммуникации