ASCA Observation of the Crab-Like Supernova Remnant 3C58

We present here the X-ray observation of a Crab-like supernova remnant (SNR) 3C58 with ASCA. We find that the integrated energy spectrum over the nebula is consistent with previous results, showing a power-law spectrum with the photon index $\gamma = 2.2-2.4$ modified by interstellar absorption of about $(3-4)\times 10^{21}{\rm cm^{-2}}$. Inclusion of a blackbody component which is attributable to the central compact source significantly improves the spectral fit. Stringent upper limits for any line emitting thin hot plasma are established. We find for the first time that the nebular spectrum is harder in the central part of the SNR, becoming softer toward the periphery, while the absorption column is uniform across the nebula. Correspondingly, the nebular size decreases with increasing photon energy which is a steeper function of radius than that of the Crab nebula. The results are compared with synchrotron energy loss models and the nature of the putative pulsar is discussed. Timing analysis was performed to search for pulsed X-ray emission from the central compact source. No significant pulsations are observed, and we present the upper limit for the pulsed fraction.Comment: 27 pages, 7 figures, to appear in PAS

The Hall Number, Optical Sum Rule and Carrier Density for the tt-t′t'-JJ model

We revisit the relationship between three classical measures of particle number, namely the chemical doping $x$, the Hall number $x_{hall}$ and the particle number inferred from the optical sum rule $x_{opt}$. We study the $t$-$t'$-$J$ model of correlations on a square lattice, as a minimal model for High $T_c$ systems, using numerical methods to evaluate the low temperature Kubo conductivites. These measures disagree significantly in this type of system, owing to Mott Hubbard correlations. The Hall constant has a complex behavior with several changes of sign as a function of filling $x$, depending upon the model parameters. Thus $x_{hall}$ depends sensitively on $t'$ and $J$, due to a kind of quantum interference.Comment: Typos removed,9 Figures, (Revised Figure.3 contains comparison with experiments

D6 Family Symmetry and Cold Dark Matter at LHC

We consider a non-supersymmetric extension of the standard model with a family symmetry based on D6 Z2 Z2, where one of Z2's is exactly conserved. This Z2 forbids the tree-level neutrino masses and simultaneously ensures the stability of cold dark matter candidates. From the assumption that cold dark matter is fermionic we can single out the D6 singlet right-handed neutrino as the best cold dark mater candidate. We find that an inert charged Higgs with a mass between 300 and 750 GeV decays mostly into an electron (or a positron) with a large missing energy, where the missing energy is carried away by the cold dark matter candidate. This will be a clean signal at LHC.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figure

Guaranteed Cost Control of Polynomial Fuzzy Systems via a Sum of Squares Approach

This paper presents the guaranteed cost control of polynomial fuzzy systems via a sum of squares (SOS) approach. First, we present a polynomial fuzzy model and controller that are more general representations of the well-known Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model and controller, respectively. Second, we derive a guaranteed cost control design condition based on polynomial Lyapunov functions. Hence, the design approach discussed in this paper is more general than the existing LMI approaches (to T-S fuzzy control system designs) based on quadratic Lyapunov functions. The design condition realizes a guaranteed cost control by minimizing the upper bound of a given performance function. In addition, the design condition in the proposed approach can be represented in terms of SOS and is numerically (partially symbolically) solved via the recent developed SOSTOOLS. To illustrate the validity of the design approach, two design examples are provided. The first example deals with a complicated nonlinear system. The second example presents micro helicopter control. Both the examples show that our approach provides more extensive design results for the existing LMI approach

Development of a Flying Robot With a Pantograph-Based Variable Wing Mechanism

We develop a flying robot with a new pantograph-based variable wing mechanism for horizontal-axis rotorcrafts (cyclogyro rotorcrafts). A key feature of the new mechanism is to have a unique trajectory of variable wings that not only change angles of attack but also expand and contract according to wing positions. As a first step, this paper focuses on demonstrating the possibility of the flying robot with this mechanism. After addressing the pantograph-based variable wing mechanism and its features, a simulation model of this mechanism is constructed. Next, we present some comparison results (between the simulation model and experimental data) for a prototype body with the proposed pantograph-based variable wing mechanism. Both simulation and experimental results show that the flying robot with this new mechanism can generate enough lift forces to keep itself in the air. Furthermore, we construct a more precise simulation model by considering rotational motion of each wing. As a result of optimizing design parameters using the precise simulation model, flight performance experimental results demonstrate that the robot with the optimal design parameters can generate not only enough lift forces but a 155 gf payload as well

Mean-Field Interacting Boson Random Point Fields in Weak Harmonic Traps

A model of the mean-field interacting boson gas trapped by a weak harmonic potential is considered by the \textit{boson random point fields} methods. We prove that in the Weak Harmonic Trap (WHT) limit there are two phases distinguished by the boson condensation and by a different behaviour of the local particle density. For chemical potentials less than a certain critical value, the resulting Random Point Field (RPF) coincides with the usual boson RPF, which corresponds to a non-interacting (ideal) boson gas. For the chemical potentials greater than the critical value, the boson RPF describes a divergent (local) density, which is due to \textit{localization} of the macroscopic number of condensed particles. Notice that it is this kind of transition that observed in experiments producing the Bose-Einstein Condensation in traps

Sensor Reduction for Backing-Up Control of a Vehicle With Triple Trailers

This paper presents a cost-effective design based on sensor reduction for backing-up control of a vehicle with triple trailers. To realize a cost-effective design, we newly derive two linear-matrix-inequality (LMI) conditions for a discrete Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy system. One is an optimal dynamic output feedback design that guarantees desired control performance. The other is an avoidance of jackknife phenomenon for the use of the optimal dynamic output feedback controller. Our results demonstrate that the proposed LMI-based design effectively achieves the backing-up control of the vehicle with triple trailers while avoiding the jackknife phenomenon. More importantly, we demonstrate that the designed optimal control can achieve the backing-up control without, at least, two potentiometers that were employed to measure the relative angles (of a vehicle with triple trailers) in our previous experiments. Since the relative angles directly relate to the jackknife phenomenon, the successful control results without two potentiometers are very interesting and important from the cost-effective design point of view

Pemodelan Daya Pengadukan Selama Proses Dehidrasi Osmotik Irisan Mangga dalam Larutan Gula

This study discusses mathematical model of agitation power due to the change of sugar solution concentration during the process of mango slices osmotic dehydration. The sugar solution agitation was performed in several levels of rotational speed to correlate the power number with the Reynolds number. Then, the obtained model was used to calculate the power consumption for various temperature and initial rotational speed of shaft. The results showed that the correlation can be used for various conditions of shaft rotational speed and solution concentration. Osmotic dehydration for 8 hours at conditions of 30-50OC with rotational speed of 143-525 rpm results in solution dilution from 61OBx to 50.5-52.5OBx. Temperature of 30OC with initial shaft rotational speed of 500 rpm results in power consumption ten times higher than that of 50OC and 148 rpm. Moreover, power consumption reduction up to 80% of initial energy consumption due to the dilution of the sugar solution during the osmotic dehydration process was obtained