Conserved molecular interactions in centriole-to-centrosome conversion.

Centrioles are required to assemble centrosomes for cell division and cilia for motility and signalling. New centrioles assemble perpendicularly to pre-existing ones in G1-S and elongate throughout S and G2. Fully elongated daughter centrioles are converted into centrosomes during mitosis to be able to duplicate and organize pericentriolar material in the next cell cycle. Here we show that centriole-to-centrosome conversion requires sequential loading of Cep135, Ana1 (Cep295) and Asterless (Cep152) onto daughter centrioles during mitotic progression in both Drosophila melanogaster and human. This generates a molecular network spanning from the inner- to outermost parts of the centriole. Ana1 forms a molecular strut within the network, and its essential role can be substituted by an engineered fragment providing an alternative linkage between Asterless and Cep135. This conserved architectural framework is essential for loading Asterless or Cep152, the partner of the master regulator of centriole duplication, Plk4. Our study thus uncovers the molecular basis for centriole-to-centrosome conversion that renders daughter centrioles competent for motherhood.J.F., Z.L., S.S. and N.S.D. are supported from Programme Grant to D.M.G. from Cancer Research UK. H.R. is supported from MRC Programme Grant to D.M.G. J.F. thank the British Academy and the Royal Society for Newton International Fellowship and Z.L. thanks the Federation of European Biochemical Societies for the Long-Term postdoctoral Fellowship. The authors thank Nicola Lawrence and Alex Sossick for assistance with 3D-SIM.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from NPG via http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncb327

Association of Adiponectin, Resistin and High Sensitive CRP Level with the Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood and Adolescence

Early markers are required in pathophysiological process of obesity, MS and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to clarify the usefulness of serum adipokines (adiponectin, AD and resistin) and inflammatory markers to identify obese and overweight children with MS. Three hundred and seven of 2491 subjects aged 11-19 with BMI >= 85 centile selected with a multistage, stratified sampling were included. Their height, weight and waist circumference were measured, all subjects underwent physical examination and standard OGTT. AD, resistin and hs-CRP were measured from baseline blood sample. The mean age of subjects was 14.2 +/- 1.8, 57.7% was girl (n=177) and 42.3% (n=130) boy. Of the 307 subjects 40 (13%) were classified as having MS. Serum AD levels were significantly lower in boys (p = 0.02), and decreased while BMI increased, but this trend was not significant (p>0.05). Although median resistin values were higher in obese than others (20, 18.5, 17ng/ml, respectively) it was not significant (p>0.05). In obese subjects, hs-CRP levels were significantly high (0.21 mg/L)(p=0.000). All three markers in obese and overweight children with and without MS were not significant (p>0.05). Girls with MS had lower adiponectin levels than those without MS. Waist circumference had the highest sensitivity and specificity for predicting MS in ROC analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.831 for WC standard error (SE) 0.033; 95% CI 0.767-0.896; p<0.0001. But the AUCs for the adiponectin, resistin, hs-CRP were not significant. In this study, we observed that adipokines or inflammatory markers have no predictive value in the diagnosis of MS. We concluded that the best marker for MS diagnosis is the measurement of waist circumference

Evaluation and Treatment Results of Ovarian Cysts in Childhood and Adolescence: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study of 100 Patients

PMID = 2816713

Turkish Turner Syndrome Study Group

Objective: Children with Turner syndrome (TS) have a specific growth pattern that is quite different from that of healthy children. Many countries have population-specific growth charts for TS. Considering national and ethnic differences, we undertook this multicenter collaborative study to construct growth charts and reference values for height, weight and body mass index (BMI) from 3 years of age to adulthood for spontaneous growth of Turkish girls with TS.Methods: Cross-sectional height and weight data of 842 patients with TS, younger than 18 years of age and before starting any therapy, were evaluated.Results: The data were processed to calculate the 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 97th percentile values for defined ages and to construct growth curves for height-for-age, weight-for-age and BMI-for-age of girls with TS. The growth pattern of TS girls in this series resembled the growth pattern of TS girls in other reports, but there were differences in height between our series and the others.Conclusion: This study provides disease-specific growth charts for Turkish girls with TS. These disease-specific national growth charts will serve to improve the evaluation of growth and its management with growth-promoting therapeutic agents in TS patients