13 research outputs found
A Generalist, Automated ALFALFA Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation
The Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation (BTFR) has applications in galaxy
evolution as a testbed for the galaxy-halo connection and in observational
cosmology as a redshift-independent secondary distance indicator. We use the
31,000+ galaxy ALFALFA sample -- which provides redshifts, velocity widths, and
HI content for a large number of gas-bearing galaxies in the local universe --
to fit and test an extensive local universe BTFR. This BTFR is designed to be
as inclusive of ALFALFA and comparable samples as possible. Velocity widths
measured via an automated method and proxies extracted from survey data
can be uniformly and efficiently measured for other samples, giving this
analysis broad applicability. We also investigate the role of sample
demographics in determining the best-fit relation. We find that the best-fit
relations are changed significantly by changes to the sample mass range and to
second order, mass sampling, gas fraction, different stellar mass and velocity
width measurements. We use a subset of ALFALFA with demographics that reflect
the full sample to measure a robust BTFR slope of . We apply this
relation and estimate source distances, finding general agreement with
flow-model distances as well as average distance uncertainties of
dex for the full ALFALFA sample. We demonstrate the utility of these distance
estimates by applying them to a sample of sources in the Virgo vicinity,
recovering signatures of infall consistent with previous work.Comment: 23 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Ap
The Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey: The alpha.40 HI Source Catalog, its Characteristics and their Impact on the Derivation of the HI Mass Function
We present a current catalog of 21 cm HI line sources extracted from the
Arecibo Legacy Fast Arecibo L-band Feed Array (ALFALFA) survey over ~2800
square degrees of sky: the alpha.40 catalog. Covering 40% of the final survey
area, the alpha.40 catalog contains 15855 sources in the regions 07h30m < R.A.
< 16h30m, +04 deg < Dec. < +16 deg and +24 deg < Dec. < +28 deg and 22h < R.A.
< 03h, +14 deg < Dec. < +16 deg and +24 deg < Dec. < +32 deg. Of those, 15041
are certainly extragalactic, yielding a source density of 5.3 galaxies per
square degree, a factor of 29 improvement over the catalog extracted from the
HI Parkes All Sky Survey. In addition to the source centroid positions, HI line
flux densities, recessional velocities and line widths, the catalog includes
the coordinates of the most probable optical counterpart of each HI line
detection, and a separate compilation provides a crossmatch to identifications
given in the photometric and spectroscopic catalogs associated with the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7. Fewer than 2% of the extragalactic HI line
sources cannot be identified with a feasible optical counterpart; some of those
may be rare OH megamasers at 0.16 < z < 0.25. A detailed analysis is presented
of the completeness, width dependent sensitivity function and bias inherent in
the current alpha.40 catalog. The impact of survey selection, distance errors,
current volume coverage and local large scale structure on the derivation of
the HI mass function is assessed. While alpha.40 does not yet provide a
completely representative sampling of cosmological volume, derivations of the
HI mass function using future data releases from ALFALFA will further improve
both statistical and systematic uncertainties.Comment: 62 pages, 28 figures. See http://egg.astro.cornell.edu/alfalfa/data
for ASCII and CSV datafiles corresponding to Tables 1, 2 and 3. A higher
resolution PDF version can be found at
http://egg.astro.cornell.edu/alfalfa/pubs.php. To appear in Nov 2011 Astron.
Baseline phenotypes with preserved β-cell function and high insulin concentrations have the best improvements in glucose tolerance after weight loss: results from the prospective DEXLIFE and EGIR-RISC studies
Background:
Weight loss and lifestyle intervention improve glucose tolerance delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but individual responses are highly variable. Determining the predictive factors linked to the beneficial effects of weight loss on glucose tolerance could provide tools for individualized prevention plans. Thus, the aim was to investigate the relationship between pre-intervention values of insulin sensitivity and secretion and the improvement in glucose metabolism after weight loss.
Methods:
In the DEXLIFE cohort (373 individuals at high risk of T2D, assigned 3:1 to a 12-week lifestyle intervention or a control arm, Trial Registration: ISRCTN66987085), K-means clustering and logistic regression analysis were performed based on pre-intervention indices of insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion (AUC-I), and glucose-stimulated insulin response (ratio of incremental areas of insulin and glucose, iAUC I/G). The response to the intervention was evaluated in terms of reduction of OGTT-glucose concentration. Clusters' validation was done in the prospective EGIR-RISC cohort (n = 1538).
Results:
Four replicable clusters with different glycemic and metabolomic profiles were identified. Individuals had similar weight loss, but improvement in glycemic profile and β-cell function was different among clusters, highly depending on pre-intervention insulin response to OGTT. Pre-intervention high insulin response was associated with the best improvement in AUC-G, while clusters with low AUC-I and iAUC I/G showed no beneficial effect of weight loss on glucose control, as also confirmed by the logistic regression model.
Conclusions:
Individuals with preserved β-cell function and high insulin concentrations at baseline have the best improvement in glucose tolerance after weight loss
The arecibo legacy fast ALFA survey: The ALFALFA extragalactic HI source catalog
We present the catalog of ∼31,500 extragalactic H i line sources detected by the completed Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) survey out to z 6.5) detections and ones of lower quality that coincide in both position and recessional velocity with galaxies of known redshift. We review the observing technique, data reduction pipeline, and catalog construction process, focusing on details of particular relevance to understanding the catalog's compiled parameters. We further describe and make available the digital H i line spectra associated with the cataloged sources. In addition to the extragalactic H i line detections, we report nine confirmed OH megamasers (OHMs) and 10 OHM candidates at 0.16 < z < 0.22 whose OH line signals are redshifted into the ALFALFA frequency band. Because of complexities in data collection and processing associated with the use of a feed-horn array on a complex single-dish antenna in the terrestrial radio frequency interference environment, we also present a list of suggestions and caveats for consideration by users of the ALFALFA extragalactic catalog for future scientific investigations.© 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.The authors acknowledge the work of the entire ALFALFA collaboration who have contributed to the many aspects of the survey over the years. The ALFALFA team at Cornell has been supported by NSF grants AST-0607007, AST-1107390, and AST-1714828 and grants from the Brinson Foundation. Participation of the Undergraduate ALFALFA Team has been made possible by NSF grants AST-0724918, AST-0725267, AST-0725380, AST-0902211, AST-0903394, AST-1211005, AST-1637339, AST-1637271, AST-1637299, AST-1637262, and AST-1637276. EAKA is supported by the WISE research program, which is financed by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). BRK acknowledges the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO). The NRAO is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. MGJ acknowledges support from grant AYA2015-65973-C3-1-R (MINECO/FEDER, UE). We thank Dmitry Makarov for comments and suggestions on cross-identifications.
This work is based on observations made with the Arecibo Observatory. The Arecibo Observatory has been operated by SRI International under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-1100968) and in alliance with Ana G. Mendez-Universidad Metropolitana and the Universities Space Research Association. We thank the staff of the Arecibo Observatory, especially Phil Perillat, Ganesh Rajagopalan, Arun Venkataraman, Hector Hernandez, and the telescope operations group for their outstanding support of the ALFALFA survey program.
We acknowledge the use of NASA's SkyView facility (http://skyview.gsfc.nasa.gov), located at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, and the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Digitized Sky Surveys were produced at the Space Telescope Science Institute under U.S. Government grant NAG W-2166. The images of these surveys are based on photographic data obtained using the Oschin Schmidt Telescope on Palomar Mountain and the UK Schmidt Telescope. The plates were processed into the present compressed digital form with the permission of these institutions. The Second Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS-II) was made by the California Institute of Technology with funds from the National Science Foundation, the National Geographic Society, the Sloan Foundation, the Samuel Oschin Foundation, and the Eastman Kodak Corporation.
This research used data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England
PARROT Ireland: placental growth factor in assessment of women with suspected pre-eclampsia to reduce maternal morbidity: a stepped wedge cluster randomised control trial research study protocol
Introduction Women presenting with suspected
pre-eclampsia are currently triaged on the basis of
hypertension and dipstick proteinuria. This may result in
significant false positive and negative diagnoses resulting
in increased morbidity or unnecessary intervention. Recent
data suggest that placental growth factor testing may be
a useful adjunct in the management of women presenting
with preterm pre-eclampsia. The primary objective of this
trial is to determine if the addition of placental growth
factor testing to the current clinical assessment of women
with suspected preterm pre-eclampsia, is beneficial for
both mothers and babies.
Methods and analysis This is a multicentre, stepped
wedge cluster, randomised trial aiming to recruit 4000
women presenting with symptoms suggestive of
preterm pre-eclampsia between 20 and 36+6 weeks’
gestation. The intervention of an unblinded point of care
test, performed at enrolment, will quantify maternal
levels of circulating plasma placental growth factor. The
intervention will be rolled out sequentially, based on
randomisation, in the seven largest maternity units on the
island of Ireland. Primary outcome is a composite outcome
of maternal morbidity (derived from the modified fullPIERS
model). To ensure we are not reducing maternal morbidity
at the expense of earlier delivery and worse neonatal
outcomes, we have established a co-primary outcome
which will examine the effect of the intervention on
neonatal morbidity, assessed using a composite neonatal
score. Secondary analyses will examine further clinical
outcomes (such as mode of delivery, antenatal detection
of growth restriction and use of antihypertensive agents)
as well as a health economic analysis, of incorporation of
placental growth factor testing into routine care.
Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval has been
granted from each of the seven maternity hospitals
involved in the trial. The results of the trial will be
presented both nationally and internationally at conference
and published in an international peer-reviewed journal
The Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey:The ALFALFA Extragalactic HI Source Catalog
We present the catalog of ~31500 extragalactic HI line sources detected by
the completed ALFALFA survey out to z < 0.06 including both high
signal-to-noise ratio (> 6.5) detections and ones of lower quality which
coincide in both position and recessional velocity with galaxies of known
redshift. We review the observing technique, data reduction pipeline, and
catalog construction process, focusing on details of particular relevance to
understanding the catalog's compiled parameters. We further describe and make
available the digital HI line spectra associated with the catalogued sources.
In addition to the extragalactic HI line detections, we report nine confirmed
OH megamasers and ten OH megamaser candidates at 0.16 < z < 0.22 whose OH line
signals are redshifted into the ALFALFA frequency band. Because of complexities
in data collection and processing associated with the use of a feed-horn array
on a complex single-dish antenna in the terrestrial radio frequency
interference environment, we also present a list of suggestions and caveats for
consideration by users of the ALFALFA extragalactic catalog for future
scientific investigations.Comment: 24 pages 8 figures See http://egg.astro.cornell.edu/alfalfa/data for
ASCII and CSV datafiles corresponding to Table 2. To appear in
Astrophys.J.Supp