1,2-Bis{bis­[4-(trifluoro­meth­yl)phen­yl]phosphino}ethane

Crystals of the title compound, C30H20F12P2 or R 2PCH2CH2PR 2 (R = 4-C6H4CF3), were inadvertently prepared while attempting to recrystallize a crude sample of trans-Re(Cl)(N2)(R 2PCH2CH2PR 2)2 from diethyl ether. The molecule lies on a center of inversion. One of the rings lies approximately in the P—C—C—P plane; the dihedral angle is 174.53°.The other ring is not quite perpendicular; the dihedral angle is 71.1°. The compound is isostructural with the R = Ph, 4-C6H4CH3 and 4-C6H4CH2CH3 analogues. It is well known that the basicity of phosphines and diphosphines can be altered by changing the electron-donating ability of R; however, the structural parameters for the title compound do not significantly differ from those of the aforementioned substituted-phenyl compounds

The primary structure of a monoclonal λ-type immunoglobulin L-chain of subgroup II (Bence-Jones protein NEI): Evolutionary origin of antibody variability

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to assess the gestational age at detection and prevalence of anencephaly in the North of The Netherlands over a 5-year period. MethodsA case list of all cases of anencephaly from two fetal medicine units was compiled. Cases were included if the estimated due date was between 1 August 2008 and 31 July 2013. ResultsOverall prevalence of anencephaly was 5.4 per 10.000 pregnancies (n=110). The majority of cases (69%) was detected before 18 weeks' gestation. Factors determining successful early diagnosis were competence level of the sonographers, with a significantly higher detection rate when scans were performed by a sonographer licensed by the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) for nuchal translucency measurement (p=0.001), and gestational age at or beyond 11weeks of gestation (p=0.024). ConclusionImproving detection of anencephaly in the first trimester requires ultrasound screening at or after 11weeks of gestation, performed by experienced sonographers trained in recognizing fetal anomalies. Sonographers should be instructed that the goal of the first trimester scan is not only to measure nuchal translucency thickness but also to exclude major anomalies. (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Anaphylaxis in Elderly Patients-Data From the European Anaphylaxis Registry

Background: Elicitors and symptoms of anaphylaxis are age dependent. However, little is known about typical features of anaphylaxis in patients aged 65 years or more. Methods: The data from the Network for Online Registration of Anaphylaxis (NORA) considering patients aged ≥65 (elderly) in comparison to data from adults (18–64 years) regarding elicitors, symptoms, comorbidities, and treatment measures were analyzed. Results: We identified 1,123 elderly anaphylactic patients. Insect venoms were the most frequent elicitor in this group (p < 0.001), followed by drugs like analgesics and antibiotics. Food allergens elicited less frequently anaphylaxis (p < 0.001). Skin symptoms occurred less frequently in elderly patients (77%, p < 0.001). The clinical symptoms were more severe in the elderly (51% experiencing grade III/IV reactions), in particular when skin symptoms (p < 0.001) were absent. Most strikingly, a loss of consciousness (33%, p < 0.001) and preexisting cardiovascular comorbidity (59%, p < 0.001) were more prevalent in the elderly. Finally, adrenaline was used in 30% of the elderly (vs. 26% in the comparator group, p < 0.001) and hospitalization was more often required (60 vs. 50%, p < 0.001). Discussion and Conclusion: Anaphylaxis in the elderly is often caused by insect venoms and drugs. These patients suffer more often from cardiovascular symptoms, receive more frequently adrenaline and require more often hospitalization. The data indicate that anaphylaxis in the elderly tends to be more frequently life threatening and patients require intensified medical intervention. The data support the need to recognize anaphylaxis in this patient group, which is prone to be at a higher risk for a fatal outcome

Peanut‐induced anaphylaxis in children and adolescents: Data from the European Anaphylaxis Registry

Background Peanut allergy has a rising prevalence in high-income countries, affecting 0.5%-1.4% of children. This study aimed to better understand peanut anaphylaxis in comparison to anaphylaxis to other food triggers in European children and adolescents. Methods Data was sourced from the European Anaphylaxis Registry via an online questionnaire, after in-depth review of food-induced anaphylaxis cases in a tertiary paediatric allergy centre. Results 3514 cases of food anaphylaxis were reported between July 2007 - March 2018, 56% in patients younger than 18 years. Peanut anaphylaxis was recorded in 459 children and adolescents (85% of all peanut anaphylaxis cases). Previous reactions (42% vs. 38%; p = .001), asthma comorbidity (47% vs. 35%; p < .001), relevant cofactors (29% vs. 22%; p = .004) and biphasic reactions (10% vs. 4%; p = .001) were more commonly reported in peanut anaphylaxis. Most cases were labelled as severe anaphylaxis (Ring&Messmer grade III 65% vs. 56% and grade IV 1.1% vs. 0.9%; p = .001). Self-administration of intramuscular adrenaline was low (17% vs. 15%), professional adrenaline administration was higher in non-peanut food anaphylaxis (34% vs. 26%; p = .003). Hospitalization was higher for peanut anaphylaxis (67% vs. 54%; p = .004). Conclusions The European Anaphylaxis Registry data confirmed peanut as one of the major causes of severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reactions in European children, with some characteristic features e.g., presence of asthma comorbidity and increased rate of biphasic reactions. Usage of intramuscular adrenaline as first-line treatment is low and needs to be improved. The Registry, designed as the largest database on anaphylaxis, allows continuous assessment of this condition

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Der Beitrag schildert die Arbeit von Informationsvermittlern im Wissenschaftsbereich: Die Versorgung der Wissenschaftler der Biologisch-Medizinischen Sektion der MaxPlanck-Gesellschaft mit Literaturinformation. Diese Informationsvermittlung wird auf zweierlei Weise durchgeführt: In Form wöchentlich erscheinender, themenspezifischer Berichte über die neuste Literatur (zur laufenden Unterrichtung) und als retrospektive, zusammenfassende Recherchen (bei Bedarf, z. B. für neue Forschungsprojekte u. a. m.). Dieses Angebot wird durch ein hauseigenes Online-System für Übersichtsartikel auf dem Gebiete der Biowissenschaften ergänzt. Ziel der Gruppe ist es, die betreuten Wissenschaftler so schnell, so spezifisch und so vollständig wie möglich mit Literatur-Information zu versorgen. Die auf Sektionsebene zentralisierte Abwicklung ist besonders kostengünstig