Textural and oceanographic aspects of the sandy beaches of South coast of Santa Catarina, Brazil

This study aims to describe the textural and oceanographic aspects of the foreshore zone of the beaches located between the municipalities of Passo de Torres and Balneário Rincão, at South coast of Santa Catarina. Oceanographic and textural parameters were collected at 41 sites, arranged on 22 beaches that extend out on 77,4 km of coastline. The field work was conducted in December 2007. The Sysgran software analyzed the textural data, revealing high homogeneity of grain size, predominance of fine sand, with quartzose sediments, reddish brown color (2.5YR5/3) in 66% of the samples and brown color (10YR5/3) in 34% of the samples, besides reducing amount of organic matter and biodetritic carbonate. In general, the sediments are well sorted, mesokurtic and with skewness approximately symmetrical. Regarding the source area, it should be noted that the coastal plain of the South coast of Santa Catarina comprises a wide barrier-lagoon depositional system of Holocene age, in which the sediments in general show high maturity. Regarding the coastal oceanographic aspects, the rectilinear shape of the coastline, as well as the predominant dissipative morphodynamic stage and a system of well-developed coastal dunes in most of the sites examined, corroborate with the textural and compositional homogeneity resulting from the frequency and intensity of the marine dynamic agents, winds and supply of lithoclastic sediments

MANAGEMENT PRACTICES THAT COMBINE VALUE COCREATION AND USER EXPERIENCE An Analysis of the Nubank Startup in the Brazilian Market

Taking into account the scenario of economic instability, registered in Brazil in 2016, it was possible to observe sectors that presented growth, especially startups, innovative and disruptive business models. In Fonseca's view (2006), startups were responsible for increasing demand for products and services, as well as attracting investors interested in long-term gains, recording a growth of the ecosystem of innovative ventures in 2016.But a phenomenon that has revolutionized the market is the startups linked to the financial sector, called Fintechs. It is from this perspective that the present work aimed to verify if the practices adopted by the startup Nubank next to its clients, are aligned to the model of value creation, proposed by Prahalad; Ramaswamy (2004). Through a bibliographical and documentary research through a case study with qualitative approach, it was identified that the company adopts practices aligned to a management focused on the co-creation of value and experience of its clients, through an innovative, 100% digital service , And which combines high technology with personalized and humanized customer service, resulting in commitment and loyalty to the services offered, seen as an "object of desire" by those who are not yet users of the card. This research not only contributes to an analysis of the need for the adoption of value creation practices that promote the engagement of clients by organizations, but also for the expansion of studies that show the generation of experience, through the quality of services

Ocorrência de classes gramaticais na fala espontânea de crianças de 18 a 41 meses com pares

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a ocorrência de diferentes categorias gramaticais em 21 crianças (18 a 41 meses), interagindo espontaneamente com pares; e comparar esses dados com estudos que empregam a observação da interação adulto/criança em contexto de fala elicitada. Cada participante foi filmado durante 15 minutos, por cinco vezes (em intervalos de um mês) interagindo com colegas de classe. Os registros foram distribuídos em quatro grupos etários. As categorias gramaticais mais frequentes em todos os grupos foram verbos e substantivos. A frequência de tipos de verbos e substantivos foi equivalente entre os grupos mais jovens, mas verbos foram mais frequentes nos grupos mais velhos. Discute-se o papel do contexto de observação e do método de coleta de dados

Simulation of Quantum Magnetism in Mixed Spin Systems with Impurity Doped Ion Crystal

We propose the realization of linear crystals of cold ions which contain different atomic species for investigating quantum phase transitions and frustration effects in spin system beyond the commonly discussed case of $s=1/2$. Mutual spin-spin interactions between ions can be tailored via the Zeeman effect by applying oscillating magnetic fields with strong gradients. Further, collective vibrational modes in the mixed ion crystal can be used to enhance and to vary the strength of spin-spin interactions and even to switch those forces from a ferro- to an antiferromagnetic character. We consider the behavior of the effective spin-spin couplings in an ion crystal of spin-1/2 ions doped with high magnetic moment ions with spin S=3. We analyze the ground state phase diagram and find regions with different spin orders including ferrimagnetic states. In the most simple non-trivial example we deal with a linear $\{$Ca$^+$, Mn$^+$, Ca$^+\}$ crystal with spins of \{1/2,3,1/2}. To show the feasibility with current state-of-the-art experiments, we discuss how quantum phases might be detected using a collective Stern-Gerlach effect of the ion crystal and high resolution spectroscopy. Here, the state-dependent laser-induced fluorescence of the indicator spin-1/2 ion, of species $^{40}$Ca$^+$, reveals also the spin state of the simulator spin-3 ions, $^{50}$Mn$^+$ as this does not possess suitable levels for optical excitation and detection.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure

Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990–2017 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Background Health system planning requires careful assessment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) epidemiology, but data for morbidity and mortality of this disease are scarce or non-existent in many countries. We estimated the global, regional, and national burden of CKD, as well as the burden of cardiovascular disease and gout attributable to impaired kidney function, for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017. We use the term CKD to refer to the morbidity and mortality that can be directly attributed to all stages of CKD, and we use the term impaired kidney function to refer to the additional risk of CKD from cardiovascular disease and gout. Methods The main data sources we used were published literature, vital registration systems, end-stage kidney disease registries, and household surveys. Estimates of CKD burden were produced using a Cause of Death Ensemble model and a Bayesian meta-regression analytical tool, and included incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, mortality, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). A comparative risk assessment approach was used to estimate the proportion of cardiovascular diseases and gout burden attributable to impaired kidney function. Findings Globally, in 2017, 1·2 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1·2 to 1·3) people died from CKD. The global all-age mortality rate from CKD increased 41·5% (95% UI 35·2 to 46·5) between 1990 and 2017, although there was no significant change in the age-standardised mortality rate (2·8%, −1·5 to 6·3). In 2017, 697·5 million (95% UI 649·2 to 752·0) cases of all-stage CKD were recorded, for a global prevalence of 9·1% (8·5 to 9·8). The global all-age prevalence of CKD increased 29·3% (95% UI 26·4 to 32·6) since 1990, whereas the age-standardised prevalence remained stable (1·2%, −1·1 to 3·5). CKD resulted in 35·8 million (95% UI 33·7 to 38·0) DALYs in 2017, with diabetic nephropathy accounting for almost a third of DALYs. Most of the burden of CKD was concentrated in the three lowest quintiles of Socio-demographic Index (SDI). In several regions, particularly Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America, the burden of CKD was much higher than expected for the level of development, whereas the disease burden in western, eastern, and central sub-Saharan Africa, east Asia, south Asia, central and eastern Europe, Australasia, and western Europe was lower than expected. 1·4 million (95% UI 1·2 to 1·6) cardiovascular disease-related deaths and 25·3 million (22·2 to 28·9) cardiovascular disease DALYs were attributable to impaired kidney function. Interpretation Kidney disease has a major effect on global health, both as a direct cause of global morbidity and mortality and as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. CKD is largely preventable and treatable and deserves greater attention in global health policy decision making, particularly in locations with low and middle SDI

Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding $4{\times}10^{18}$ eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than $60^{\circ}$ detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above $5.3{\times}10^{18}$ eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law $E^{-\gamma}$ with index $\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)}$ followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy ($E_\text{s}$) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find $E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19}$ eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy

We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. Supplemental material in the ancillary file

¿Cuál es la situación de la Ley de Bosques en la Región Chaqueña a diez años de su sanción? Revisar su pasado para discutir su futuro

En un complejo escenario ambiental, productivo y socioeconómico, el 28 de noviembre de 2007 fue sancionada en Argentina la Ley Nacional Nº 26.331 de “Presupuestos Mínimos de Protección Ambiental de los Bosques Nativos" (conocida como "Ley de bosques") con el propósito de proteger los bosques nativos a escala nacional. En este artículo nos proponemos realizar una síntesis crítica de la información disponible acerca de esta ley a diez años de su sanción, con una aproximación que toma en cuenta aspectos ambientales, económicos y sociales. Caracterizamos el desempeño de esta ley en la Región Chaqueña en cuanto a diferentes dimensiones, identificamos sus principales desafíos y describimos una serie de propuestas que desde el sector de Ciencia y Técnica pueden contribuir a su (re)diseño e implementación en el contexto de las actualizaciones de los Ordenamientos Territoriales de Bosques Nativos provinciales. Para ello, integramos información disponible proveniente de distintas fuentes, tales como normativas (nacionales y provinciales), literatura científica, informes de organismos estatales y de ONG y artículos periodísticos. La Ley de Bosques instaló en la opinión pública de nuestro país la problemática vinculada a la pérdida de bosques nativos y se ha posicionado como el principal instrumento de política forestal nacional para su protección. Si bien hubo una reducción en las tasas de deforestación en la región Chaqueña, no existen evidencias certeras de que esta reducción se deba a su aplicación. La Ley de Bosques en la Región Chaqueña presenta una serie de desafíos para mejorar su desempeño en cuanto a su efectividad, equidad y legitimidad social. En este trabajo se presentan diez observaciones que emergen de la revisión realizada. Por otro lado, se esbozan una serie de propuestas de investigación y acción en torno a la ley vinculadas a esas observaciones.In a complex environmental, productive and socioeconomic scenario, on November 28th, 2007, the National Act N°26.331 of “Minimum Standards for the Environmental Protection of Native Forests” (known as the “Forest Law”) was sanctioned in Argentina with the purpose of protecting native forests at the national scale. In this article, we aim to critically synthesize the available information about this law ten years after its sanction from an approach that takes into account environmental, economic and social aspects. In particular, we characterize the performance of this law in the Chaco Region in different dimensions, identify its main challenges and describe a series of proposals that from the science and technology sector can contribute to its (re)design and implementation in the context of the revisions of the Provincial Native Forest Land Use Planning Programs. In order to accomplish these objectives, we integrated information available from different sources, such as laws and regulations (national and provincial), scientific literature, reports from government agencies and NGOs and newspaper articles. The Forest Law installed in the public opinion of our country the problems related to the loss of native forests and has positioned itself as the main national instrument for forest conservation. Although deforestation rates lowered in the Chaco Region, there is no clear evidence that this reduction was due to its application. The Forest Law in the Chaco Region presents a series of challenges to improve its performance in terms of its effectiveness, equity and social legitimacy. In this paper, we present ten observations that emerge from the review carried out. On the other hand, linked to these observations, we outline a series of research and action proposals for enhancing the performance of the law.EEA BalcarceFil: Aguiar, Sebastián. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Mastrangelo, Matias Enrique. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: García Collazo, María A. Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Bosques; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; ArgentinaFil: Camba Sans, Gonzalo H. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; ArgentinaFil: Mosso, Clara E. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Licenciatura en Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Ciuffoli, Lucía. Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Bosques; Argentina.Fil: Schmidt, Mariana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani. Grupo de Estudios Ambientales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vallejos, María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; ArgentinaFil: Langbehn, Lorenzo. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Humanidades, Ciencias Sociales y de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Brassiolo, Miguel. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Cáceres, Daniel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Merlinsky, Gabriela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani. Grupo de Estudios Ambientales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Paruelo, José María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. INIA La Estanzuela; UruguayFil: Seghezzo, Lucas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Física. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; ArgentinaFil: Staiano, Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; ArgentinaFil: Texeira González, Marcos Alexis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; ArgentinaFil: Volante, Jose Norberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Veron, Santiago Ramón. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentin