Role of Social Media on Information Accessibility

Social media is the gathering place of a large pool of consumers. It is the repository of consumer information and acts as a means of spreading information to build market presence. Most literature states that organizational usage of social media enhances customer relations, but social media also acts as a medium for information acquisition. Not many previous studies have investigated the role of social media on information accessibility. Therefore this study examined the impact of social media on information accessibility. A total of 171 organization responded to the survey and the result of the survey showed that social media usage has a positive impact on information accessibility. Also it was found that factors such as interactivity, trust and institutional pressure positively influence social media usage in organizations. This study provided a clearer understanding on the real importance of social media and its benefits towards information acquisition. The results would motivate and guide organizations in the adoption of social media for information acquisition which is important for understanding the customers, competitors and the industry and to develop strategies for enhancing business performance

Incorporating innovations in online product descriptions to reduce product uncertainty in agribazaar portal

Previous researches indicate that online product description and other product information signals can mitigate product uncertainty and therefore build trust for buyer to buy product online.This paper discusses factors that contribute to mitigation of product uncertainty, specifically for agriculture product.An agribusiness portal in Malaysia is chosen for this study, in which a variety of agro based products are marketed.The relationships between product uncertainty on buying and selling activity, and also the role of product information signals on product uncertainty have been explored.Constructs were employed from literature review and existing research models.It has been discovered that product description together with value, facilitation of buying process, communication, third party product certification and seller description have different influencing power to reduce product uncertainty in agriculture product.By incorporating innovation in online product description, sellers’ integrity will be raised, thus increasing online trust for purchasing agricultural products

Fecundity of three species of Penaeid shrimps, Penaeus monodon (Fabricius, 1798), Penaeus indicus (H. Milne-Edwards, 1837) and Penaeus japonicus (Bate, 1888) of Karachi coast, Pakistan

In order to define the period of maturity of penaeid shrimps at least three indices (fecundity, size structure and density of mature females) are required. During the present study the relationships between fecundity and total length, carapace length, ovary length, body weight and ovary weight of three species of Penaeid shrimps, Penaeus (Fenneropenaeus) indicus, Penaeus (Marsupenaeus) japonicus and Penaeus (Penaeus) monodon were found out. Samples of shrimps were collected from fish market, identified to the species level, morphometric measurements of each individual were recorded and the fecundity of each developed shrimp was estimated. The relationship between body weight and fecundity and between body length and fecundity were linear in all three species. The result indicated positive strong correlation between total length (size) and fecundity in all three species. Positive strong correlations were observed between carapace length and the fecundity, ovary length and fecundity,body weight and fecundity and ovary weight and fecundity in P. indicus and P. monodon while Penaeus japonicus showed moderate positive correlations between all mentioned morphometric parameters and fecundity. There was a strong correlation between fecundity and body length in Penaeus japonicus (r =0.880), fecundity and ovary weight in Penaeus indicus (r = 0.943) and fecundity and carapace length in Penaeus monodon (r = 0.970). The estimated fecundity of Penaeus indicus varied between 989073.36 to 1380581.565 eggs for body length range 14.4 to 20.1 cm while that of Penaeus japonicus varied between 249602.2609 to 320026.71 eggs for length range 15.4 to 19.4 cm and fecundity of Penaeus monodon, with body length range 14.4 to 21.1 cm, varied between 221271.6 to 400296.288 eggs

Hybrid machine learning technique for intrusion detection system

The utilization of the Internet has grown tremendously resulting in more critical data are being transmitted and handled online.Hence, these occurring changes have led to draw the conclusion that thenumber of attacks on the important information over the internet is increasing yearly.Intrusion is one of the main threat to the internet.Various techniques and approaches have been developed to address the limitations of intrusion detection system such as low accuracy, high false alarm rate, and time consuming. This research proposed a hybrid machine learning technique for network intrusion detection based on combination of K-means clustering and support vector machine classification.The aim of this research is to reduce the rate of false positive alarm, false negative alarm rate and to improve the detection rate.The NSL-KDD dataset has been used in the proposed technique.In order to improve classification performance, some steps have been taken on the dataset.The classification has been performed by using support vector machine. After training and testing the proposed hybrid machine learning technique, the results have shown that the proposed technique has achieved a positive detection rate and reduce the false alarm rate

Prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia in District Hangu of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica are two important parasites of the gastrointestinal tract causing gastroenteritis in human population. The present study is carried out to check the prevalence of these two parasites in the stream and open well water of district Hangu of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.200/two hundred sample were examined through PCR which showed 26.5% (53/200) and 22.5%(45\200) positive results for Giardia lamblia and E.histolytica respectively. The PCR product for Giardia lamblia was 163bp HSP (heat shock protein) and for Entamoeba histolytica was135bp small fragment of DNA

The effects of product information signals to product uncertainty of agro-based online product descriptions

The role of product information signals on product uncertainly has been getting some attention lately since 2008, however uncertainty effect within online commerce context is still limited, especially on selling agro-based product online.This paper discuss the effects product information signals i.e. factors that contribute to the mitigation of product uncertainty, specifically for agro-based product.An agribusiness portal in Malaysia is chosen for this study, in which a variety of agro-based products are marketed.Constructs were employed from literature review and existing research models.Hypotheses were crafted and their effects were then measured using statistical techniques.Based on the empirical result obtained, it has been discovered that product description together with product information signals such as value, facilitation of buying process, communication, third party product certification and seller description have different influencing power to reduce product uncertainty in agro-based product.Specifically, third party product certification and facilitation of buying process have the least influence power in this context of study.Suggestions are also provided towards improving the portal in reducing product uncertainty.By incorporating elements suggested in online product description, sellers' integrity will be raised, thus increasing trust for purchasing agro-based products online

Impact of physical distance and psychological distress on job turnover intention among front-line health workers during COVID-19 pandemic

COVID-19 pandemic compels strict isolation to avoid the spread of Coronavirus. Physical distance with COVID-19 patients is undeniable for font-line health workers. This physical proximity of doctors and nurses at hospital affects their mental health and generating psychological distress. They sacrifice their social life and keeping themselves isolated due to their regular contact with COVID-19 patients. This causes high rate of depression, anxiety and stress. Therefore, this study aims to identify the effect of physical distancing and psychological distress on job turnover intention among the front line health workers. This study is applying Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) to understand this relationship. Data has been collected between March and April 2021 through structured questionnaire from doctors, nurses and hospital staffs who are managing COVID-19 patients at hospitals. This research has discovered that as front-line health workers' fear of COVID-19 grows, so does their relational anxiety, as well as their organizational and technical turnover intentions. Therefore, there is a need of psychological assistance and increasing capacity building for the front-line workers. This study includes only two variables to understand job turnover intention. For more insights and understanding of the experience in the light of COVID-19, further study can be done by including other factors like institutional support, policy implementation and social dilemma

Biallelic variants in CHST3 cause Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with joint dislocations in three Pakistani kindreds

Background Skeletal dysplasia is a heterogeneous group of disorders. Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasias comprise one subgroup. Deficiency of carbohydrate sulfotransferase 3 has been reported in a small number of patients with recessively inherited spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with joint dislocation, short stature and scoliosis. We report here molecular and clinical findings of affected individuals in three consanguineous Pakistani families. Affected individuals in all three families had a uniform phenotype including severe short stature, multiple dislocated joints, progressive scoliosis and facial dysmorphism. Methods Clinical evaluation was done for three unrelated families. Radiological survey of bones was completed for patients from two of the families. Whole exome sequencing index patients from each family was performed followed by Sanger sequencing for validation of segregation of identified variants in respective families. In-silico analysis for determining pathogenicity of identified variants and conservation was done. Results Whole-exome sequencing revealed biallelic variants c.590 T > C;p.(Leu197Pro), c.603C > A;p.(Tyr201Ter) and c.661C > T;p.(Arg221Cys) in CHST3 (NM_004273.5) in the three families with eight, five and two affected individuals, respectively. Contrary to previous reports, affected individuals in none of the families exhibited a hearing loss. Conclusion We describe genotypic and phenotypic findings of three unrelated families with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia. Our study confirms phenotypic variability and adds to the genotypic spectrum of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia.Peer reviewe

Health care planning in selected developing countries

Background: Health planning in developing countries differs from developed countries. They have more limited resources for health development. Therefore efficient health planning and resource allocation is critical to ensure optimal health outcome of the nation. Due to the nature of heterogeneity among the developing countries, the health approach may differ contextually among developing countries. This paper aims to compare practices of health planning development among selected developing countries. Materials and Methods: This review encompasses relevant scientific articles and most recent official country report related to health planning. Searches only include articles or reports published in English. Based on the six WHO regions. Selection of countries based on availability of manuscript (article and report) fulfilling the criteria. The countries selected were Bangladesh, Belize, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia and Turkey. Result: A five or ten years of strategic plan for health is the most practiced among the studied developing country. It usually involves multi-sectorial within the country and international agencies and consultants. The advancement of technology helps in improving the administrative data utilisation to allow informed-decision making, deeper root cause analysis and timely monitoring and evaluation. Other than that, engagement with various stakeholders from different level – at all phase of plan development, together with political will is the key factor of the successful implementation. Despite that, these developing countries often suffer from limited resources in term of workforce, financing and technical expertise. Conclusion: Although the health planning process is similar across countries studies, where the cycles start with situational analysis, prioritisation, options appraisal, implementation, monitoring and lastly evaluation. Each country may have slightly different approaches, depending on their context, resources and technology capacity

RORγt+ innate lymphoid cells promote lymph node metastasis of breast cancers

Cancer cells tend to metastasize first to tumor-draining lymph nodes, but the mechanisms mediating cancer cell invasion into the lymphatic vasculature remain little understood. Here, we show that in the human breast tumor microenvironment (TME), the presence of increased numbers of RORγt+ group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) correlates with an increased likelihood of lymph node metastasis. In a preclinical mouse model of breast cancer, CCL21-mediated recruitment of ILC3 to tumors stimulated the production of the CXCL13 by TME stromal cells, which in turn promoted ILC3–stromal interactions and production of the cancer cell motile factor RANKL. Depleting ILC3 or neutralizing CCL21, CXCL13, or RANKL was sufficient to decrease lymph node metastasis. Our findings establish a role for RORγt+ILC3 in promoting lymphatic metastasis by modulating the local chemokine milieu of cancer cells in the TME