A case of isolated aglossia

Introduction: Aglossia is a rare condition of failure of development of the lateral lingual swellings during embryogenesis and is usually associated with other deformities especially the fingers and limbs. Isolated aglossia is extremely rare. Observation: This is a case report of a 21-year-old patient with isolated aglossia whose floor of the mouth compensated for the tongue's absence in speech, eating and swallowing. Thus the patient did not express any disability and refused reconstructive treatment. Commentaries: Aglossia may be accompanied by many deformities or as part of a syndrome, so other symptoms must be excluded. The floor of the mouth usually adapts to the role of the tongue leading to fulfillment of most of the functions of the tongue. Conclusion: Aglossia is a rare condition, however the adaptation of the surrounding tissues compensated for the absence of the tongue makes the condition tolerable to the patient, this however does not undermine the fact that a multidisciplinary approach is key in managing such a condition

Focus stacking technique in identification of forensically important Chrysomya species (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Entomological evidence showed great role in death investigations during the last decades. This depends mainly on identification of insect samples by expert taxonomists who are not available among forensic investigator teams in Egypt which represents one of the obstacles that prevent the use of entomological evidence. This study aimed to provide easily used key for identification of Egyptian Chrysomya species using focus stacking technique that can be applied in forensic investigation. Materials and methods: Collection of flies was done using fly traps that were hung in urban districts of Cairo during June–September 2014. Continuous shooting photography of the collected flies was done using a Nikon Stereomicroscopy and camera of smart phone (Galaxy S5), stacking of partially focused images was done by Zerene Stacker software. Chrysomya species were identified and separated from other metallic calyptrate dipteral based on its characteristic morphological features. Results: Seventy six Chrysomya specimens were collected; Chrysomya albiceps was the most abundant (39) with 16 male and 23 females, followed by Chrysomya megacephala (34) with 13 male and 21 females. Three Chrysomya marginalis were recovered; one male and two females. Conclusion: This study presents simple method for photographing of insect samples that can be used by untrained personals for further identification by expert taxonomists. Recommendations: Further studies on the blowfly species that occur in Egypt and documentation of their key for identification are recommended to facilitate the diverse applications of these important insects in forensic investigations

Simultaneous Quantification of a Neoadjuvant Treatment Used in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Using an Eco-Friendly UPLC-MS/MS Method: A Pharmacokinetic Study in Rat Plasma

Recently, neoadjuvant treatment has turned out to be a feasible alternative for individuals suffering from locally advanced breast cancer. The neoadjuvant therapy is a type of chemotherapy that is given either before or after surgeries to diminish a tumor and minimize the likelihood of recurrence. This article demonstrates the development of a unique bioanalytical validated sensitive method by means of an ultra high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) approach for the concurrent estimation of neoadjuvant treatments including 5-Fluorouracil, Doxorubicin, and Capecitabine in rat plasma. Samples were prepared using the fine minor QuEChERS process and analyzed using a Shimadzu-C18 column via an isocratic separation. Acetonitrile:water in the ratio of (30:70) (both containing 0.1 percent formic acid v/v) was the mobile phase employed at a flow rate of 0.20 mL/min. At concentrations of 50.00–500.00 ng/mL for 5-Fluorouracil, 25.00–500.00 ng/mL for Doxorubicin, and 5.00–100.00 ng/mL for Capecitabine, the procedure was shown to be linear. The limit of detection (LOD) was assessed in ng/mL and varied from 1.33 to 13.50. Relative standard deviations for precision were below 2.47 percent over the whole concentration range. For all analytes, the average recovery rate varied from 73.79 to 116.98 percent. A preliminary pharmacokinetic study was successfully performed in real rats to evaluate the procedure efficiency

Combined Effect of Graded Thera-Band and Scapular Stabilization Exercises on Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis Post-Mastectomy

PURPOSE: The main aim of the trial was to assess the combined impact of graded Thera-Band strengthening exercises and scapular stabilization exercises on shoulder pain, physical function, and quality of life (QoL) in post-mastectomy adhesive capsulitis (AC). METHODS: Seventy females with unilateral post-mastectomy AC partook in the trial. Participants were subdivided equally into two groups at random. Both groups obtained the traditional physical therapy program; in addition, the intervention group received graded Thera-Band exercises for shoulder muscles and scapular stabilization exercises 5 days a week for 8 weeks. Range of motion (ROM) and muscle power of shoulder were assessed by digital goniometer and handheld dynamometer, respectively. Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH) was utilized for assessment of shoulder function and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain measurement while short-form (SF-36) for QoL assessment. All evaluation data was recorded prior to the trial and at the eighth week of interventions for both groups. RESULTS: All participants achieved improvements in shoulder ROM, muscle power, pain, and all aspects of QoL; however, higher statistical improvements were reported in all measurements with respect to strengthening exercises group (p \u3c 0.001). CONCLUSION: The addition of graded Thera-Band strengthening exercises and scapular stabilization exercises in post-mastectomy AC rehabilitation program has significant benefits in shoulder function and patients\u27 QoL. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study is retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05311839