Biosorption of Cu(II) ions from industrial effluents by rice husk: experiment, statistical, and ANN modeling

Heavy metal removal from wastewater is a significant research area and recommends sustainable development. The heavy metals cause harmful health effects, increase environmental toxicity. Adsorption is a very effective method for heavy metal removal. A fixed bed for Cu(II) removal using rice hush, an agricultural waste, is reported in this paper. The study was carried out to determine the breakthrough curves with varying operating variables like influent concentration (10–30 mg/L), flow rate (10–40 ml/min), and bed height (4–10 cm) at pH 6. The variation of the process variables like influent concentration, flow rate, and bed height were investigated. The experimental data shows that adsorption capacity increases with the rise of influent concentration. The maximum value of adsorption capacity is 10.93 mg/g at a flow rate of 10 ml/min, bed height 4 cm, and influent concentration 30 mg/L. The applicability of the MLR and ANN modeling has also been successfully carried out. ANN has better predictability than MLR. The findings revealed that rice husk could be used to treat copper-containing industrial effluents

Column study for the Cu(II) removal by the coconut shell from aqueous solution – MLR and GA modeling

Adsorption characteristics of locally available inexpensive natural adsorbent coconut shells were studied for Cu(II) removal. The present study adsorption process was carried through a fixed bed column to find out the breakthrough characteristics. The variation of operating variables is investigated, pH 6, influence Cu(II) concentration (10–30 mg·L–1), bed height (5–15 cm), the flow rate (10–30 ml·min–1). The suitability of various kinetic models has been tested. Maximum adsorption capacity, qe according to Thomas model, was 30.09 mg·g–1obtained at 20 ml/min, flow rate, 30 mg·L–1 metal solution, and 15 cm bed height. The correlation coefficient of the Thomas model ranges from 0.8260 to 0.9839. Besides this, according to the statistical parameters of the Yoon-Nelson and Yan et al. models, proving that the experimental data are suitable for this model. The statistical and GA modeling of the experimental data has also been performed successfully

Terminal settling velocity of solids in the pseudoplastic non-Newtonian liquid system – Experiment and ANN modeling

The terminal settling velocity (TSV) of solid particles is experimentally determined in fluidizing columns. In monodispersed (single component) systems, the bed expansion behavior has been experimented with using pseudoplastic liquids. The terminal velocity is calculated from the plot of bed voidage (ε) vs. liquid velocity and extrapolating to ε = 1.0. An empirical correlation is developed for determining the TVS with acceptable statistical accuracy. Successful applicability of ANN modeling has been reported. After comparing with existing literature, it was found that the present work yielded better results (based on the statistical error parameters) than the previous literature