39 research outputs found
Sharing information and knowledge between Brazilian researchers
The CIC among Brazilian researchers refers to the activity of providing information and knowledge that enables the joint work of experts for the resolution of problems and development of new ideas or theories, which usually result in joint scientific publications. Thus, the objective of this article is to elaborate a model that relates the factors that influence the diffusion of the CIC among Brazilian researchers in the modality "productivity" of CNPq, as mechanisms for generating innovations and new knowledge, measured by scientific production. As for the method, in a first moment a bibliographic research was carried out to evaluate existing models in the literature regarding the determining factors of the ICC on the capacity of innovation and generation of innovations in the HEIs, especially in the research groups. Next, the structural and measurement model was elaborated and validated using an online questionnaire for data collection, with five-point likert questions, sent to researchers in the productivity modality in research, levels SR, 2, 1A, 1B and 1C of CNPq. The questionnaire was answered by 262 researchers and the collected data were analyzed using the SEM analysis instrument based on PLS. The results found indicated that the hypotheses of the model were accepted. The results revealed that the individual characteristics of the researchers, the organizational characteristics and the technology contribute to the CIC, which in turn favors the generation of publications and promotion of knowledge. In addition, individual characteristics and publications contribute to the advancement of innovation
An alternative procedure in the tetrazolium test for soybean seed
O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um procedimento alternativo para redução do perÃodo de precondicionamento de sementes de soja no teste de tetrazólio. Foram empregados dois tamanhos de sementes de doze cultivares de soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], produzidas em Londrina, PR, em 1993 e 1994. Os tratamentos utilizados foram dois perÃodos de embebição (quatro horas e seis horas) na temperatura de 41oC, tendo como testemunha o procedimento-padrão de dezesseis horas, a 25oC. Os parâmetros usados para avaliar os tratamentos foram o vigor [TZ (1-3)], a viabilidade [TZ (1-5)], a deterioração por umidade [TZ (6-8)], o dano mecânico [TZ (6-8)], as lesões por percevejos [TZ (6-8)] e o teor de água das sementes. O perÃodo de seis horas a 41oC propiciou condições adequadas de coloração das sementes, o que permitiu a avaliação e interpretação do vigor, da viabilidade, da deterioração por umidade, do dano mecânico e das lesões por percevejos. Usando-se seis horas de precondicionamento a 41oC, há uma redução de dez horas na execução do teste, em comparação ao procedimento atualmente recomendado, sem compremeter a precisão requerida.The aim of this work was to develop an alternative procedure for reducing the soybean seed preconditioning in the tetrazolium test. Two imbibition periods (four and six hours) at 41oC were tested and compared to the traditionally recommended period for preconditioning of 16 hours at 25 ºC. Seeds of twelve cultivars were used, and classified into two sizes. The parameters used were: vigor [TZ (1-3)]; viability [TZ (1-5)]; weathering [TZ (6-8)]; mechanical damage [TZ (6-8)]; stink bug damage [TZ (6-8)]; and seed moisture content. The staining pattern developed on the seeds after a preconditioning period of six hours at 41 ºC is suitable for the evaluation of the quality of soybean seeds by the tetrazolium test. Seed preconditioning procedures for the tetrazolium test evaluated in this experiment were not affected by the size of soybean seeds; the 6 hour/41oC treatment reduces the period of preconditioning by ten hours when compared to the recommended procedures of 16 hours at 25ºC. To sum up, in the tetrazolium test for soybean seeds, the preconditioning conditions of 6 hour/41oC can be used successfully, without impairing the precision required by the test
DESEMPENHO ECONÔMICO-FINANCEIRO DA PETROBRAS DE 2000 A 2014
RESUMOEste artigo tem como propósito compreender a trajetória de desempenho econômico-financeiro da Petrobras no perÃodo de 2000 a 2014. Como base metodológica adotou-se uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, onde as junções dos principais indicadores e de um modelo complementaram a análise econômico-financeira da Petrobras, possibilitando uma classificação de pesquisa do tipo descritiva. Constatou-se que seu portfólio de ativos atribuiu baixa rentabilidade por conta do alto endividamento, sobretudo após o Pré-Sal. Concluiu-se que a Petrobras não representa, no atual momento, uma performance segura a um perfil conservador de investimentos de longo prazo diante de opções na aquisição de ações, cabendo um estudo futuro sobre como caracterizam-se os perfis atuais dos agentes acionistas da Petrobras.Palavras-chave: Petrobras. Análise das Demonstrações. Desempenho econômico-financeiro. ABSTRACTThis paper aims to understand the trajectory of economic and financial performance of Petrobras from 2000 to 2014. As methodological basis was adopted a qualitative and quantitative approach, where the joints of the main indicators and a model complemented the economic and financial analysis of Petrobras, allowing a search ranking of the descriptive type. It was found that its portfolio of assets assigned low profitability due to high debt, especially after the Pré-Sal. It’s concluded that Petrobras is not at present a safe performance to a conservative profile of long-term investments on options management buyout. Fitting, in turn, a future study on how to characterize the current profile of the shareholders of Petrobras agents.Keywords: Petrobras. Analysis of Financial Statements. Economic and financial performance
ELEMENTOS DE AVALIAÇÃO ESTRATÉGICA NO VAREJO: Caso de uma Rede de Supermercados em Natal-RN
O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar elementos estratégicos que motivaram tomadas de decisões em uma rede de supermercado varejista, a partir do surgimento de dois tipos de concorrentes em suas imediações. Utilizou-se como método de análise comparativa a matriz SWOT, possibilitando realizar diagnósticos e cenários para delimitações estratégicas e de melhorias, na tentativa de propor soluções e vantagens competitivas. Através da realização de uma pesquisa empÃrica, com visitas in loco numa rede de varejo local e nos concorrentes localizados na cidade de Natal-RN, diagnosticando ações nos ambientes interno e externo, foi possÃvel observar a existência de diferentes elementos estratégicos capazes de orientar e alinhar decisões de enfrentamento e vantagens competitivas. Dentre os elementos observáveis notou-se a necessidade contÃnua por capacitação dos trabalhadores oferecendo qualidade no atendimento, renovação estrutural das instalações fÃsicas reafirmando uma vitrine padronizada da rede, automatização das atividades internas e de canais de fornecimento e distribuição, melhoria das embalagens e disponibilidade dos produtos e, por último, ampliação na interatividade com os clientes – inovações digitais. Embora a delimitação empÃrica seja insuficiente para generalização, entende-se que uma análise sob a perspectiva do consumidor faz-se necessário como estudos futuros
Alterações fÃsico-quÃmicas e biológicas dos óleos essenciais das folhas Alpinia zerumbet a partir de diferentes temperaturas de secagem / Physicochemical and biological changes of essential oils of Alpinia zerumbet leaves from different drying temperatures
Este estudo avaliou como a secagem das folhas de Alpinia zerumbet influencia nas propriedades dos seus óleos essenciais (OE’s) extraÃdos. As folhas de Alpinia zerumbet foram coletadas em São LuÃs-MA, sendo secas em estufa de secagem de ar convectiva nas temperaturas de 30, 45 e 55 °C. Para extração dos OE’s empregou-se o processo de hidrodestilação com verificação das propriedades fÃsico-quÃmicas, atividade antimicrobiana e toxicidade. Foram observadas diferenças significativas das propriedades dos OE’s. A temperatura de 45 °C possibilitou a obtenção do melhor rendimento do OE, ainda apresentando a melhor atividade antimicrobiana e atoxicidade. Conclui-se que a temperatura de secagem influencia nas propriedades fÃsico-quÃmicas e biológicas dos OE’s, sendo desta forma necessários estudos como este que avaliem a secagem como também como as temperaturas influenciam nas propriedades do produto obtido.
Vertical Transmission of Zika Virus (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) in Amazonian Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) delays egg hatching and larval development of progeny.
Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as a globally important arbovirus and has been reported from all states of Brazil. The virus is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of an infective Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) or Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1895). However, it is important to know if ZIKV transmission also occurs from Ae. aegypti through infected eggs to her offspring. Therefore, a ZIKV and dengue virus (DENV) free colony was established from eggs collected in Manaus and maintained until the third?fourth generation in order to conduct ZIKV vertical transmission (VT) experiments which used an infectious bloodmeal as the route of virus exposure. The eggs from ZIKV-infected females were allowed to hatch. The resulting F1 progeny (larvae, pupae, and adults) were quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assayed for ZIKV. The viability of ZIKV vertically transmitted to F1 progeny was evaluated by cultivation in C6/36 cells. The effects of ZIKV on immature development of Ae. aegypti was assessed and compared with noninfected mosquitoes. Amazonian Ae. Aegypti were highly susceptible to ZIKV infection (96.7%), and viable virus passed to their progeny via VT. Moreover, eggs from the ZIKV-infected mosquitoes had a significantly lower hatch rate and the slowest hatching. In addition, the larval development period was slower when compared to noninfected, control mosquitoes. This is the first study to illustrate VT initiated by oral infection of the parental population by using mosquitoes, which originated from the field and a ZIKV strain that is naturally circulating in-country. Additionally, this study suggests that ZIKV present in the Ae. aegypti can modify the mosquito life cycle. The data reported here suggest that VT of ZIKV to progeny from naturally infected females may have a critical epidemiological role in the dissemination and maintenance of the virus circulating in the vector
FlorÃstica e fitossociologia em áreas de campo sujo e cerrado <i>sensu stricto</i> na estação ecológica de Pirapitinga – MG
The objectives of this study were to characterize the floristic and to calculate the phytosociological parameters of species present in the areas of ‘campo sujo’ and ‘cerrado’ sensu stricto in the Ecological Station of Pirapitinga, Minas Gerais state (ESEC). For the floristic and phytosociologic survey, a total of 190 plots of 100 m2 each were allocated, where all the individuals with circumference at soil level (CSL) ≥ 16 cm in areas of ‘campo sujo’ and ‘cerrado’ sensu stricto were sampled. The parameters of frequency, density, dominance, and importance values and Shannon and Pielou indexes were calculated. The floristic similarity between areas was determinated by Sorensen index. In the study areas, a total of 3,224 individuals distributed in 81 species, 70 genera and 40 families were sampled. The richest families were Vochysiaceae and Fabaceae. The cerrado sensu stricto was the vegetal formation with the highest richness of species (81) and highest density (2.257 ind ha-1). Both areas have studied with high diversity and ecological dominance and have low diameter distribution in the form of inverted-J, indicating the predominance of young individuals